SEASONAL VARIATION AND MACROPLASTIC COMPOSITION ON TIDUNG ISLAND BEACH, KEPULAUAN SERIBU
VARIASI MUSIMAN DAN KOMPOSISI MAKROPLASTIK DI PANTAI PULAU TIDUNG, KEPULAUAN SERIBU
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24319/jtpk.17.253-264Kata Kunci:
makroplastik, plastik sekali pakai, polimer, Pulau Tidung, variasi musimanAbstrak
Akumulasi makroplastik sangat dipengaruhi oleh variasi musiman dan menjadi ancaman serius bagi keberlanjutan ekosistem laut dan ekonomi lokal, khususnya di pulau kecil seperti Pulau Tidung, Kepulauan Seribu. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh variasi musiman terhadap komposisi dan karakteristik polimer makroplastik di wilayah pantai Pulau Tidung. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara berkala selama musim barat (Januari–Februari 2022) dan musim timur (Juni–Agustus 2022) di dua lokasi pantai. Makroplastik yang dikumpulkan dalam luasan transek 5 × 30 m, diidentifikasi komposisi polimer penyusunnya menggunakan FTIR-ATR. Data kelimpahan kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik non-parametrik Kruskal-Wallis. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa akumulasi makroplastik pada musim barat (0,156 unit/m2 dan 2,006 g/m2) lebih tinggi daripada musim timur (0,073 unit/m2 dan 1,759 g/m2), dengan perbedaan signifikan p = 0,04 (p < 0,05). Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa curah hujan dan arah pola arus musiman berpengaruh terhadap akumulasi makroplastik di pantai. Jenis makroplastik yang dominan ditemukan berupa plastik sekali pakai (bungkus kresek dan sachet, 62%). Analisis polimer mengidentifikasi polietilen (PE), karet, dan polipropilen (PP) sebagai komponen utama. Sampah tidak hanya berasal dari aktivitas wisata dan pemukiman lokal, tetapi juga bawaan dari tempat lain yang terbawa arus.
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