Sustainable production of lutein from microalgae C. vulgaris: Isolation, characterization, and antioxidant potential
Produksi lutein berkelanjutan dari mikroalga C. vulgaris: Isolasi, karakterisasi, dan potensi antioksidan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v28i7.64204Keywords:
bioactive compounds, carotenoids, FTIR spectroscopy, IC50 value, nutraceuticalsAbstract
Lutein is a carotenoid pigment with significant antioxidant potential and health benefits, including the prevention of eye diseases, protection of the skin from UV damage, and reduction of cancer risk. Currently, marigold flowers are the primary source of lutein production. However, its production is limited by seasonal and climatic dependencies, high labor costs and extensive land use. Chlorella vulgaris is a viable alternative with higher growth rates, reduced land and water requirements, and year-round availability. This study aimed to isolate lutein from Chlorella vulgaris and evaluate its characteristics and antioxidant properties. The method used was a descriptive experimental design consisting of several stages: (1) maceration, (2) saponification, (3) identification, (4) isolation, (5) characterization of lutein isolation results, and (6) antioxidant activity assessment. The results showed that maceration yielded 8.01% lutein, whereas saponification yielded 24.37%. Column chromatography identified the third fraction as lutein, which was confirmed by FTIR analysis, revealing alkenyl, alkyl, alkene, aromatic (C=C), (C−H), and hydroxyl (−OH) groups. The isolate exhibited a yellow value of 66.79 and a hue angle of 88.65, which is consistent with the characteristic color of lutein. Antioxidant testing revealed an IC50 value of 62.54 ppm, indicating strong antioxidant activity. In conclusion, Chlorella vulgaris is a promising alternative source of lutein with potent antioxidant properties.
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