Genetic Variation’s Impact on Weight: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Article Sidebar
-
genetic, nutrigenomics, obesity, weight management program
Abstract
This study investigates the genetic factors influencing precision weight management, contributing insights to the enduring debate on hereditary versus environmental influences on obesity. The primary objective is to identify genetic variations as predictive markers for weight management and evaluate their impact on weight control. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guideline, this research systematically reviews articles that meet specific criteria, with no specific timeline due to limited research on genetic variation in this context. Inclusion criteria mandate the provision of weight and BMI data at the beginning and end of interventions, demonstrating weight reduction. Exclusions cover animal studies, non-English papers, and articles lacking baseline or pre/post-intervention data. The review incorporates comprehensive searches on Scopus, Medline, PubMed, and Web of Science, employing Review Manager for meta-analysis. The study concentrates on Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) rs9939609, rs10830963, and rs1052700 across 10 investigations. Despite lacking statistical significance, the findings suggest that these genetic polymorphisms enhance weight loss potential for recessive genotypes. A discernible preference for non-risk genotypes in weight loss efforts emerges. For instance, individuals with the non-risk A allele of rs9939609 experience weight loss with a Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid (PUFA) diet, while those with the non-risk G allele of rs10830963 effectively manage weight with a low-fat diet. Similarly, rs1052700 indicates that individuals with the T allele shed more weight by consuming meals earlier during the day. Although statistically insignificant, the non-risk genotype for all three SNPs demonstrates potential for weight loss. This suggests that participants possessing the non-risk allele can effectively manage their weight through interventions provided by weight loss programs.
References
Andrade-Mayorga O, Díaz E, Salazar LA. 2021. Effects of four lipid metabolism-related polymorphisms on body composition improvements after 12 weeks of high-intensity interval training and dietary energy restriction in overweight/obese adult women: A pilot study. Front Physiol 12:712787. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.712787
De Luis DA, Aller R, Izaola O, Pacheco D. 2015. Role of rs9939609 FTO gene variant in weight loss, insulin resistance and metabolic parameters after a high monounsaturated vs a high polyunsaturated fat hypocaloric diet. Nutr Hosp 32(1):175−181. https://doi.org/10.3305/nh.2015.32.1.9169
de Luis DA, Izaola O, Primo D, Gomez JL, Aller R. 2020a. RS9939609 FTO gene variant modified weight loss and insulin resistance after a partial meal-replacement hypocaloric diet. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 24(10). https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_202005_21343
de Luis DA, Izaola O, Primo D, Aller R. 2020b. Dietary-fat effect of the rs10830963 polymorphism in MTNR1B on insulin resistance in response to 3 months weight-loss diets. Endocrinología, Diabetes y Nutrición (English ed.) 67(1):43−52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endien.2019.12.004
Deram S, Nicolau CY, Perez-Martinez P, Guazzelli I, Halpern A, Wajchenberg BL, Ordovas JM, Villares SM. 2008. Effects of Perilipin (PLIN) gene variation on metabolic syndrome risk and weight loss in obese children and adolescents. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 93(12):4933−4940. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2008-0947
Di Renzo L, Cioccoloni G, Falco S, Abenavoli L, Moia A, Sinibaldi Salimei P, De Lorenzo A. 2018. Influence of FTO rs9939609 and Mediterranean diet on body composition and weight loss: Arandomized clinical trial. J Transl Med 16: 1−12
El-Sayed Moustafa JS, Froguel P. 2013. From obesity genetics to the future of personalized obesity therapy. Nat Rev Endocrinol 9(7):402−413. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrendo.2013.57
Elks CE, Den Hoed M, Zhao JH, Sharp SJ, Wareham NJ, Loos RJ, Ong KK. 2012. Variability in the heritability of body mass index: a systematic review and meta-regression. Front Endocrinol 3:29. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2012.00029
Garaulet M, Vera B, Bonnet-Rubio G, Gómez-Abellán P, Lee YC, Ordovás JM. 2016. Lunch eating predicts weight-loss effectiveness in carriers of the common allele at PERILIPIN1: the ONTIME (Obesity, Nutrigenetics, Timing, Mediterranean) study. Am J Clin 104(4):1160−1166. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.116.134528
Goni L, Sun D, Heianza Y, Wang T, Huang T, Cuervo M, Martínez JA, Shang X, Bray GA, Sacks FM, Qi L. 2018. Macronutrient-specific effect of the MTNR1B genotype on lipid levels in response to 2 year weight-loss diets [S]. J Lipid Res 59(1):155−161. https://doi.org/10.1194/jlr.P078634
Hall KD, Kahan S. 2018. Maintenance of lost weight and long-term management of obesity. Medical Clinics 102(1):183−197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcna.2017.08.012
Heitkamp M, Siegrist M, Molnos S, Brandmaier S, Wahl S, Langhof H, Grallert H, Halle M. 2021. Obesity genes and weight loss during lifestyle intervention in children with obesity. JAMA Pediatr 175(1):e205142−e205142. https://doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.5142
Jin Z, Wang R, Jin L, Wan L, Li Y. 2024. Causal relationship between sarcopenia with osteoarthritis and the mediating role of obesity: a univariate, multivariate, two-step Mendelian randomization study. BMC Geriatrics 24(1):469.
Lee YS. 2009. The role of genes in the current obesity epidemic. Ann Acad Med Singap 38(1):45.
Leońska-Duniec A, Jastrzębski Z, Zarębska A, Maciejewska A, Ficek K, Cięszczyk P. 2018. Assessing effect of interaction between the FTO A/T polymorphism (rs9939609) and physical activity on obesity-related traits. J Sport Health Sci 7(4):459−464. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2016.08.013
Liu K, Choi TS, Zhao L, Teong XT, Hutchison AT, Heilbronn LK. 2024. A qualitative exploration of behaviour change and maintenance experience in people with overweight or obesity in a dietary intervention. Nutrition & Dietetics 81(3): 296−305.
McCaffery JM. 2018. Precision behavioral medicine: Implications of genetic and genomic discoveries for behavioral weight loss treatment. Am Psychol 73(8):1045−1055. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000253
Mertens IL, Van Gaal LF. 2012. Overweight, obesity, and blood pressure: the effects of modest weight reduction. Obe Res 8(3):270−278. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2000.32
Mirzaei K, Xu M, Qi Q, De Jonge L, Bray GA, Sacks F, Qi L. 2014. Variants in glucose-and circadian rhythm–related genes affect the response of energy expenditure to weight-loss diets: The POUNDS LOST Trial. Am J Clin Nutr 99(2):392−399. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.113.072066
Nutter S, Eggerichs LA, Nagpal TS, Ramos Salas X, Chin Chea C, Saiful S, Yusop S. 2024. Changing the global obesity narrative to recognize and reduce weight stigma: a position statement from the World Obesity Federation. Obesity Reviews 25(1):e13642.
Sharifi N, Mahdavi R , Ebrahimi-Mameghani M. 2013. Perceived barriers to weight loss programs for overweight or obese women. Health Promot Perspect 3(1):11. https://doi.org/10.5681/hpp.2013.002
Shi Z, Zhang L, Xiong X, Hao Y, Zhang P, Pang M, Yang Y. 2024. Environmental burden of excessive food intake: Exploring new opportunities to enhance food and environmental sustainability in China. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 209:107820.
Snyder EE, Walts B, Pérusse L, Chagnon YC, Weisnagel SJ, Rankinen T , Bouchard C. 2004. The human obesity gene map: The 2003 update. Obes Res 12(3):369−439. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2004.47
Vranešić Bender D, Krznarić Ž. 2012. Nutritional and behavioral modification therapies of obesity: Facts and fiction. Dig Dis 30(2):163−167. https://doi.org/10.1159/000336670
Weinsier RL, Nelson KM, Hensrud DD, Darnell BE, Hunter GR, Schutz Y. 1995. Metabolic predictors of obesity. Contribution of resting energy expenditure, thermic effect of food, and fuel utilization to four-year weight gain of post-obese and never-obese women. J Clin Invest 95(3):980−985. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI117807
Authors
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Article Details
