Effects of Kersen leaves extract (Muntingia calabura L.) on SGOT and SGPT levels of soft drink induced mice
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Issue
Vol. 14 No. 2 (2019)
Accepted
23 January 2019
Published
30 July 2019
Keywords:
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antioxidant activity, Muntingia calabura L., SGOT, SGPT, soft drink
Abstract
This study aimed to analyse the antioxidant activity, total phenols, and flavonoids of kersen leaves (Muntingia calabura L.) extract (KLE) and determine the hepatoprotective activity of KLE in soft drink induced mice. Soft drinks induction causes liver injuries which increases the serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) levels. Mice were divided into five treatment groups (n=5) and were given Tween 80 (1%) (normal control), Tween 80 (1%) and 7 ml soft drinks (negative control), KLE (1000, 1500, and 2000 mg/kg), and 7 ml soft drinks per oral once daily for 4 weeks. Antioxidant activity was measured by 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Total phenols and flavonoids were analyzed by Folin-ciocalteu colorimetric and aluminium chloride (AlCl3) method. The blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis. The result showed that the KLE antioxidant activity were 11.11+0.50 ppm. Total phenols and flavonoids detected in the KLE samples were 2.19+0.12 mgGAE/g and 2.43+0.24 mgQE/g respectively. Mice treated with KLE had a significantly lower (p<0.05) serum SGOT and SGPT levels than negative control group. In conclusion, KLE has a potential hepatoprotective activity that works in synergy with its antioxidant activity.
References
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Salazar-Aranda R, Perez-Lopez LA, Lopez-Arroyo J, Alanis-Garza BA, de Torres NW. Antimicrobial and antiozidant activitites of plants from Northeast of Mexico. eCAM 2011(1):1-6.
Siddqua A, Premakumari KB, Sultana R, Vithya, Savitha. 2010. Antioxidant activity and estimation of total fenolic content of Muntingia calabura by calorimetry. IJCRGG 2(1): 205-208.
Sridhar M, Thirupathi K, Chaitanya G, Kumar BR, Mohan GK. 2011. Antidiabetic effect of leaves of Muntingia calabura L., in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. J Pharmacol 2(1):626–632.
Sufian AS, Ramasamy K, Ahmat N, Zakaria ZA, Yusof MIM. 2013. Isolation and identification of antibacterial and cytotoxic compounds from the leaves of Muntingia calabura L. J Ethnopharmacol 146(1):198-204.
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Zakaria ZA, Mahmood ND, Mamat SS, Nasir N, Omar MH. 2018. Endogenous Antioxidant and LOX-Mediated Systems Contribute to the Hepatoprotective Activity of Aqueous Partition of Methanol Extract of Muntingia calabura L. Leaves against Paracetamol Intoxication. Front Pharmacol 8(982):1-14.
Zakaria ZA, Mohamed AM, Jamil NSM, Rofiee MS, Hussain MK, Sulaiman MR, Teh LK, Salleh MZ. 2011. In vitro antiproliferative and antioxidant activities of the extracts of Muntingia calabura leaves. Am J Chin Med 39(1):183-200.
Zakaria ZA, Mustapha S, Sulaiman MR, Manan AMJ, Somchit MN, Abdullah FC. 2007. The antinociceptive action of aqueous extract from Muntingia calabura leaves: The role of opioid receptors. Med Prin Pract 16(2):130-136.
Zeng Y, Deng M, Lv Z, Peng Y. 2014. Evaluation of antioxidant activities of extracts from 19 Chinese edible flowers. Springer Plus 3(315):1-5.
Zuraida, Sulistiyani, Sajuthi D, Suparto IH. 2017. Phenolic, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity of Alstonia scholaris R.Br stem bark extract. JPHH 35(3):211-219.
Adam Z, Hassali HA, Khamis S. 2015. In vitro antidiabetic, anti-glycation, and antioxidant activities of Muntingia calabura L. leaves extracts. International conference of Natural Product [Abs].
Alkhedaide A, Soliman MM, Salah-eldin AE, Ismail TA, Alshehiri ZS, Attia HF. 2016. Cronic effect of soft drink consumption on the health state of wistar rat: A biochemical, genetic, and histopatologi study. Mol Med Rep 13(6):5109-5117.
Amorati R, Valgimigli L. 2015. Advantages and limitations of common testing methods for antioxidant. Free Radic Res 49(5):633-649.
Anjani PP, Damayanhi E, Rimbawan, Hand-haryani E. 2018. Potential of Okra (Abel-moschus esculentus L.) extract to reduce blood glucose and malondialdehyde (MDA) liver in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Gizi Pangan 13(1):47-54.
Arum YP, Supartono, Sudarmin. 2012. Isolasi dan uji daya antimikroba ekstrak daun kersen (Muntingia calabura). J MIPA 35(2):165-174.
Bachmanov AA, Reed DR, Beauchamp GK, Tordoff MG. 2002. Food intake, water intake, and drinking spout side preferences of 28 mouse strains. Behav Genet 32(6):435-443.
Bachmanov AA, Tordoff MG, Beauchamp GK. 2001. Sweetener preferences of C57BL/6ByJ and 129P3/J mice. Chem senses 26(7):905-913.
Balan T, Sani MHM, Ahmad SHM, Suppiah V, Mohtarrudin N, Jamaludin F, Zakaria ZA. 2015. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities contribute to the prophylactic effect of semi purified fractions obtained from the crude methanol extract of Muntingia calabura leaves against gastric ulceration in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 164(6):1-15.
Bodke YD, Sindhe MA, Chandrashekar A. 2013. Antioxidant and in vivo anti-hyperglycemic activity of Muntingia calabura leaves extracts. Der Pharm Lett 5(3):427-435.
Borges L, Alves S, Sampaio B, Conceicao E, Bara M, Paula J. 2013. Environmental factors affecting the concentration of phenolic compounds in Myrcia tomentosa leaves.
Braz J Pharmcog 23(2):230-238. Chang C, Yang M, Wen H, Chen JC. 2002. Estimation of total flavonoid content in propolis by two complementary calorimetric methods. JFDA 10(3):178-182.
Gupta AK, Chitme H, Daa SK, Misra N. 2006. Hepatoprotective activity of Rauwaolfia serpentine rhizome in paracetamol intoxicated rats. J Pharm Toxicol 1(1):82-88.
Hall P, Cash J. 2012. What is the Real Function of the Liver ‘Function’ Test? Ulster Mad J 81(1):31-36.
Jambocus NGS, Ismail A, Khatib A, Mohomood-ally F, Saari N, Mumtaz MW, Hamid AA. 2017. Morinda citrifolia L. leaf extract prevent weight gain in Spargue-Daw-ley rats fed high fat diet. Food Nutr Res 61(1):1-13.
Jeroh E, Awhin EP, Osademe L, Awire EI. 2012. Effect of carbonated drinks on the activities of alanine aminotransferas (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in serum and kidney in Rattus novergicus. Asian J Ciochem 7(1):59-62.
Kerwin BA. 2008. Polysorbates 20 and 80 used in the formulation of protein biotherapeutics: Structure and degradation pathways. J Pharm Sci 97(8):2924-2935.
Lebda MA, Tohamy HG, El-sayed YS. 2017. Long-term soft drink and aspartame intake induce hepatic demage via dysregulation of adipocytokines and alteration of lipid profile and antioxidant status. J Nutres 41(1):47-55.
Longoto L. 2013. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): A tale of fat and sugar?. Fobrogenesis & Tissue Repair 6(14):1-5.
Mahmood ND, Mamat SS, Kamisan FH, Yahya F, Kamarolzaman MFF, Nasir N, Mohtarrudin N, Tohid SFMd, Zakaria ZA. 2014a. Amelioration of Paracetamol-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rat by the Administration of Methanol Extract of Muntingia calabura L. Leaves. Bio Med Res Intl 2014(695678):1-10.
Mahmood ND, Nasir NLM, Rofiee MS, Tohid SFM, Ching SM, Teh LK, Salleh MZ, Zakaria ZA. 2014b. Muntingia calabura: A review of its traditional uses, chemical properties, anpharmacological observations. Pharm Biol 52(12):1598-1623.
Murti FK, Amarwati S, Wijayahadi N. 2016. Pengaruh ekstrak daun kersen (Muntingia calabura) terhadap gambaran mikroskopis hepar tikus wistar jantan yang diinduksi etanol dan soft drink. JKD 5(4):871-883.
Nielson SJ, Popkin BM. 2004. Changes in beverages intake between 1977 and 2001. Am J Prev Med 27(3):205-210. Nivethetha M, Jayasari J, Brindha P. 2009. Ef-fects of Muntingia calabura L. on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction. J Med Singapore 50(3):300–302.
Ramadas D, Khan MA, Mundasada SC. 2015. Antioxidant activity: Root, leaves, and fruits aqueous extract of Muntingia calabura. JIPBS 2(4):363-368.
Salazar-Aranda R, Perez-Lopez LA, Lopez-Arroyo J, Alanis-Garza BA, de Torres NW. Antimicrobial and antiozidant activitites of plants from Northeast of Mexico. eCAM 2011(1):1-6.
Siddqua A, Premakumari KB, Sultana R, Vithya, Savitha. 2010. Antioxidant activity and estimation of total fenolic content of Muntingia calabura by calorimetry. IJCRGG 2(1): 205-208.
Sridhar M, Thirupathi K, Chaitanya G, Kumar BR, Mohan GK. 2011. Antidiabetic effect of leaves of Muntingia calabura L., in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. J Pharmacol 2(1):626–632.
Sufian AS, Ramasamy K, Ahmat N, Zakaria ZA, Yusof MIM. 2013. Isolation and identification of antibacterial and cytotoxic compounds from the leaves of Muntingia calabura L. J Ethnopharmacol 146(1):198-204.
Winarsi H. 2007. Antioksidan Alami dan Radikal Bebas. Yogyakarta: Kanisius.
Wu X, Beecher GR, Holden JM, Haytowitz DB, Gebhardt SE, Prior RL. 2006. Concentration ofantocyanins in common food in the united states and estimation of normal consumption. J Agric Food Chem 54(11):4069-4075.
Zakaria ZA, Mahmood ND, Mamat SS, Nasir N, Omar MH. 2018. Endogenous Antioxidant and LOX-Mediated Systems Contribute to the Hepatoprotective Activity of Aqueous Partition of Methanol Extract of Muntingia calabura L. Leaves against Paracetamol Intoxication. Front Pharmacol 8(982):1-14.
Zakaria ZA, Mohamed AM, Jamil NSM, Rofiee MS, Hussain MK, Sulaiman MR, Teh LK, Salleh MZ. 2011. In vitro antiproliferative and antioxidant activities of the extracts of Muntingia calabura leaves. Am J Chin Med 39(1):183-200.
Zakaria ZA, Mustapha S, Sulaiman MR, Manan AMJ, Somchit MN, Abdullah FC. 2007. The antinociceptive action of aqueous extract from Muntingia calabura leaves: The role of opioid receptors. Med Prin Pract 16(2):130-136.
Zeng Y, Deng M, Lv Z, Peng Y. 2014. Evaluation of antioxidant activities of extracts from 19 Chinese edible flowers. Springer Plus 3(315):1-5.
Zuraida, Sulistiyani, Sajuthi D, Suparto IH. 2017. Phenolic, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity of Alstonia scholaris R.Br stem bark extract. JPHH 35(3):211-219.
Authors
SiddiqM. N. A. A., MarliyatiS. A., RiyadiH., & WinarsihW. (2019). Effects of Kersen leaves extract (Muntingia calabura L.) on SGOT and SGPT levels of soft drink induced mice. Jurnal Gizi Dan Pangan, 14(2), 69-76. https://doi.org/10.25182/jgp.2019.14.2.69-76
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