Evaluation of Food and Nutrition Security Level at Provincial Level Based on Outcome Indicators in Indonesia
Article Sidebar
Issue
Vol. 16 No. 1 (2021)
Accepted
8 December 2020
Published
4 March 2021
Keywords:
-
evaluation, food and nutrition security, outcome indicators
Abstract
This study aims at evaluating the situation of Food and Nutrition Security (FNS) at provincial level using six outcome indicators. The cross-sectional study, utilized secondary data from 33 provinces published in 2013. It used a modification of the Global Hunger Index (GHI) method and changed the number of outcome indicators. In addition, an equalization was performed, so that the results obtained were positive. The results showed that all provinces in Indonesia have moderate or less secure food and nutrition level. Hence, the performance of the Indonesian government in food and nutrition security need to be improved. Bali Province had the highest rank in food and nutrition security, while East Nusa Tenggara and Papua Province had the lowest ranks of the 33 provinces during 2013. The low performance achievement of food and nutrition security based on the six outcome indicators signified by the high prevalence of the undernourished population and the high prevalence of stunting and wasting of children under five in all provinces in Indonesia.
References
[BAPPENAS] Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional. 2015. Rencana Pembangunan Menengah Nasional Tahun 2015‒2019. Jakarta (ID): Bappenas.
[BKP] Badan Ketahanan Pangan. 2015. Kajian Kerawanan Pangan Nasional, Kerjasama BKP dan BPS. Jakarta (ID): Kementan RI.
[BKP] Badan Ketahanan Pangan. 2009. Peta Kerentanan dan Ketahanan Pangan Tahun 2009. Jakarta (ID): DKP dan WFP
Black RE, Allen LH, Bhutta ZA, Caulfield LE, de Onis M, Ezzati M, Mathers C, Rivera J. 2008. Maternal and child undernutrition: Global and regional exposures and health consequences. Lancet 371(9608):243‒260. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61690-0.
Bruce Furness BW, Simon PA, World Cm, Asarian-Anderson J. 2004. Prevalence and predictors of food insecurity among low-income households in Los Angeles County. Public Health Nutr 7(6):791‒794. https://doi.org/10.1079/PHN2004608.
[DKP] Dewan Ketahanan Pangan. 2016. Kebijakan Strategis dan Rencana Aksi Nasional Pangan dan Gizi 2016–2019. Jakarta (ID): Dewan Ketahanan Pangan
[DKP/Kementan/WFP] Dewan Ketahanan Pangan, Kementerian Pertanian, Word Food Programme. 2015. Peta Ketahanan dan Kerentanan Pangan Indonesia 2015. Jakarta (ID): DKP, Kementen, WFP
Fanzo J. 2014. Strengthening the engagement of food and health systems to improve nutrition security: Synthesis and overview of approaches to address malnutrition. Glob Food Sec 3(3‒4):183‒192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2014.09.001.
[FAO] Food and Agriculture Organization f The United Nations. 1996. World Food Summit: Rome Declaration on World Food Security. Rome (IT): FAO.
[FAO] Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations. 2005. Voluntary Guidelines to Support the Progressive Realization of the Right to Adequate Food in the Context of National Food Security. Rome (IT): FAO.
[FAO] Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations. 2006. The Right to Food in Practice. Implementation at the National Level. Rome (IT): FAO.
[FAO] Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations. 2012. Coming to Terms with Terminology: Food Security, Nutrition Security, Food and Nutrition Security, Food and Nutrition Security, Report of the 39th session of the Committee on World Food Security (CFS). Rome (IT): FAO.
[FAO] Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations. 2014. Procedure for Monitoring The Right to Food. Right to Food Handbooks 5th. Rome (IT): FAO.
[FAO/IFAD/WFP] Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, International Fund for Agricultural Development, World Food Programme. 2014. The State of food insecurity in the world 2014: Strengthening the enabling environment for food security and nutrition. Rome (IT): FAO.
Godfray HCJ, Garnett T. 2014. Food security and sustainable intensification. Philosophical Transaction of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 369(1639):1–10. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2012.0273.
[IFPRI] International Food Policy Research Institute. 2014. Global Hunger Index: The Challenge of Hidden Hunger. Washington DC (USA): IFPRI.
Ismail Z, Kartasurya MI, Mawarni A. 2016. Analisis implementasi program penanggulangan gizi buruk di puskesmas wilayah kerja dinas kesehatan Kota Sorong Provinsi Papua Barat. Jurnal Manajemen Kesehatan Indonesia 4(1):20–26. https://doi.org/10.14710/jmki.4.1.2016.20-26.
Keino S, Plasqui G, de Borne BV. 2014. Household food insecurity access: A predictor of overweight and underweight among Kenyan women. Agric Food Secur 3(2):1‒8. https://doi.org/10.1186/2048-7010-3-2.
[MoH RI] Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia. 2002. Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor:920/Menkes/SK/VIII/2002 Tentang Klasifikasi Status Gizi Anak Bawah Lima Tahun (BALITA). Jakarta (ID): MoH RI.
[MoH RI] Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia. 2012. Profil Kesehatan Indonesia 2012. Jakarta (ID): MoH RI.
[MoH RI] Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia. 2013a. Profil Kesehatan Indonesia. Jakarta (ID): MoH RI.
[MoH RI] Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia. 2013b. Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2013. Jakarta (ID): MoH RI.
Maricic M, Bulajic M, Dobrota M, Jeremic V. Redesigning the global food security index: A multivariate composite i–distance indikator approach. International Journal of Food and Agricultural Economics 4(1): 69–86. doi: 10.22004/ag.econ.231376.
Ng Marie, Fleming T, Robinson M, Thomson B, Graetz N, Margono C, Mullany Erin C, Biryukov S, Abbafati C, Abera SF et al. 2014. Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980–2013: A systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2013. Lancet 384 (9945):766–781. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60460-8.
Nurhemi, Soekro SRI, Suryani G. 2014. Working paper no.4 Pemetaan Ketahanan Pangan di Indonesia: Pendekatan TFP dan Indeks Ketahanan Pangan. Jakarta (ID): Bank Indonesia.
[OECD] Organization For Economic Co-Operation And Development. 2008. Handbook on Contructing Composite Indicators: Methodology and User Guide.OECD
Palupi E, Sulaeman A, Ploeger A. 2013. World hunger, malnutrition and brain development of children. J Future of Food: Journal on Food, Agriculture and Society 1(2):46‒56.
Pangaribowo EH, Gerber N, Torero M. 2013. Food and nutrition security indicators: A review. ZEF Working Paper Series 108. Boon, Germany: Center for Development Research (ZEF). Germany (DE): University of Bonn.
Santeramo FG. 2015. On the composite indikators for food security: Decisions matter! Food Rev Int 31(1):63‒73. https://doi.org/10.1080/87559129.2014.961076.
Supriyanto Y, Paramashanti BA, Astiti D. 2018. Berat badan lahir rendah berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting pada anak usia 6–23 bulan. Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia 5(1):23‒30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21927/ijnd.2017.5(1).23-30.
Suryana A, Arifin B, Hardinsyah, Achadi EL, Atmawikarta A, Martianto D, Hermanto, Sastraatmadja E, Lukman AS, Darmawiredja MR et al. 2016. Kebijakan Strategis Rencana Aksi Pangan dan Gizi Tahun 2016‒2019. Jakarta (ID): Sekretariat Dewan Ketahanan Pangan.
Susanty NM, Margawati A. 2012. Hubungan derajat stunting, asupan zat gizi dan sosial ekonomi rumah tangga dengan perkembangan motorik anak usia 24-36 bulan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Bugangan, Semarang. J Nutr College 1(1):327‒336. https://doi.org/10.14710/jnc.v1i1.736.
Tono T, Juanda B, Barus B, Martianto D. 2016.Kerentanan pangan tingkat desa di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. J Gizi Pangan 11(3):227‒236. https://doi.org/10.25182/jgp.2016.11.3.%25p.
Ulfani DH, Martianto D, Baliwati YF. 2011. Faktor-faktor sosial ekonomi dan kesehatan masyarakat kaitannya dengan masalah gizi underweight, stunting dan wasted di Indonesia: Pendekatan ekologi gizi. J Gizi Pangan 6(1):59‒65. https://doi.org/10.25182/jgp.2011.6.1.59-65.
von Grebmer K, Bernstein J, Hossain N, Brown T, Prasai N, Yohannes Y, Towey O, Foley C, Patterson F, Sonntag A et al. 2017. Global Hunger Index: The Inequalities of Hunger. Washington DC (USA): International Food Policy Research Institute.
Warsini KT, Hadi H. Nurdiati DS. 2016. Riwayat KEK dan anemia pada ibu hamil tidak berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting pada anak usia 6–23 bulan di Kecamatan Sedayu, Bantul, Yogyakarta. Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia 4(1):29‒40.
[WHO] World Health Organization. 2010. Nutrition Landscape Information System (NLIS) Country Profile Indicators. Geneva (CH): WHO.
[WHO] World Health Organization 2015. Nutrition targets and indicators for the Post-2015 sustainable develop-ment goals accountability for the measurement of results in nutrition: A technical note. http://www.unscn.org/files/Publications/Post_2015_ Nutrition_Targets and_Indicators_final_ March_2015_website_.pdf [Accessed 2nd December 2016].
[BKP] Badan Ketahanan Pangan. 2015. Kajian Kerawanan Pangan Nasional, Kerjasama BKP dan BPS. Jakarta (ID): Kementan RI.
[BKP] Badan Ketahanan Pangan. 2009. Peta Kerentanan dan Ketahanan Pangan Tahun 2009. Jakarta (ID): DKP dan WFP
Black RE, Allen LH, Bhutta ZA, Caulfield LE, de Onis M, Ezzati M, Mathers C, Rivera J. 2008. Maternal and child undernutrition: Global and regional exposures and health consequences. Lancet 371(9608):243‒260. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61690-0.
Bruce Furness BW, Simon PA, World Cm, Asarian-Anderson J. 2004. Prevalence and predictors of food insecurity among low-income households in Los Angeles County. Public Health Nutr 7(6):791‒794. https://doi.org/10.1079/PHN2004608.
[DKP] Dewan Ketahanan Pangan. 2016. Kebijakan Strategis dan Rencana Aksi Nasional Pangan dan Gizi 2016–2019. Jakarta (ID): Dewan Ketahanan Pangan
[DKP/Kementan/WFP] Dewan Ketahanan Pangan, Kementerian Pertanian, Word Food Programme. 2015. Peta Ketahanan dan Kerentanan Pangan Indonesia 2015. Jakarta (ID): DKP, Kementen, WFP
Fanzo J. 2014. Strengthening the engagement of food and health systems to improve nutrition security: Synthesis and overview of approaches to address malnutrition. Glob Food Sec 3(3‒4):183‒192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2014.09.001.
[FAO] Food and Agriculture Organization f The United Nations. 1996. World Food Summit: Rome Declaration on World Food Security. Rome (IT): FAO.
[FAO] Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations. 2005. Voluntary Guidelines to Support the Progressive Realization of the Right to Adequate Food in the Context of National Food Security. Rome (IT): FAO.
[FAO] Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations. 2006. The Right to Food in Practice. Implementation at the National Level. Rome (IT): FAO.
[FAO] Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations. 2012. Coming to Terms with Terminology: Food Security, Nutrition Security, Food and Nutrition Security, Food and Nutrition Security, Report of the 39th session of the Committee on World Food Security (CFS). Rome (IT): FAO.
[FAO] Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations. 2014. Procedure for Monitoring The Right to Food. Right to Food Handbooks 5th. Rome (IT): FAO.
[FAO/IFAD/WFP] Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, International Fund for Agricultural Development, World Food Programme. 2014. The State of food insecurity in the world 2014: Strengthening the enabling environment for food security and nutrition. Rome (IT): FAO.
Godfray HCJ, Garnett T. 2014. Food security and sustainable intensification. Philosophical Transaction of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 369(1639):1–10. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2012.0273.
[IFPRI] International Food Policy Research Institute. 2014. Global Hunger Index: The Challenge of Hidden Hunger. Washington DC (USA): IFPRI.
Ismail Z, Kartasurya MI, Mawarni A. 2016. Analisis implementasi program penanggulangan gizi buruk di puskesmas wilayah kerja dinas kesehatan Kota Sorong Provinsi Papua Barat. Jurnal Manajemen Kesehatan Indonesia 4(1):20–26. https://doi.org/10.14710/jmki.4.1.2016.20-26.
Keino S, Plasqui G, de Borne BV. 2014. Household food insecurity access: A predictor of overweight and underweight among Kenyan women. Agric Food Secur 3(2):1‒8. https://doi.org/10.1186/2048-7010-3-2.
[MoH RI] Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia. 2002. Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor:920/Menkes/SK/VIII/2002 Tentang Klasifikasi Status Gizi Anak Bawah Lima Tahun (BALITA). Jakarta (ID): MoH RI.
[MoH RI] Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia. 2012. Profil Kesehatan Indonesia 2012. Jakarta (ID): MoH RI.
[MoH RI] Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia. 2013a. Profil Kesehatan Indonesia. Jakarta (ID): MoH RI.
[MoH RI] Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia. 2013b. Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2013. Jakarta (ID): MoH RI.
Maricic M, Bulajic M, Dobrota M, Jeremic V. Redesigning the global food security index: A multivariate composite i–distance indikator approach. International Journal of Food and Agricultural Economics 4(1): 69–86. doi: 10.22004/ag.econ.231376.
Ng Marie, Fleming T, Robinson M, Thomson B, Graetz N, Margono C, Mullany Erin C, Biryukov S, Abbafati C, Abera SF et al. 2014. Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980–2013: A systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2013. Lancet 384 (9945):766–781. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60460-8.
Nurhemi, Soekro SRI, Suryani G. 2014. Working paper no.4 Pemetaan Ketahanan Pangan di Indonesia: Pendekatan TFP dan Indeks Ketahanan Pangan. Jakarta (ID): Bank Indonesia.
[OECD] Organization For Economic Co-Operation And Development. 2008. Handbook on Contructing Composite Indicators: Methodology and User Guide.OECD
Palupi E, Sulaeman A, Ploeger A. 2013. World hunger, malnutrition and brain development of children. J Future of Food: Journal on Food, Agriculture and Society 1(2):46‒56.
Pangaribowo EH, Gerber N, Torero M. 2013. Food and nutrition security indicators: A review. ZEF Working Paper Series 108. Boon, Germany: Center for Development Research (ZEF). Germany (DE): University of Bonn.
Santeramo FG. 2015. On the composite indikators for food security: Decisions matter! Food Rev Int 31(1):63‒73. https://doi.org/10.1080/87559129.2014.961076.
Supriyanto Y, Paramashanti BA, Astiti D. 2018. Berat badan lahir rendah berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting pada anak usia 6–23 bulan. Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia 5(1):23‒30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21927/ijnd.2017.5(1).23-30.
Suryana A, Arifin B, Hardinsyah, Achadi EL, Atmawikarta A, Martianto D, Hermanto, Sastraatmadja E, Lukman AS, Darmawiredja MR et al. 2016. Kebijakan Strategis Rencana Aksi Pangan dan Gizi Tahun 2016‒2019. Jakarta (ID): Sekretariat Dewan Ketahanan Pangan.
Susanty NM, Margawati A. 2012. Hubungan derajat stunting, asupan zat gizi dan sosial ekonomi rumah tangga dengan perkembangan motorik anak usia 24-36 bulan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Bugangan, Semarang. J Nutr College 1(1):327‒336. https://doi.org/10.14710/jnc.v1i1.736.
Tono T, Juanda B, Barus B, Martianto D. 2016.Kerentanan pangan tingkat desa di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. J Gizi Pangan 11(3):227‒236. https://doi.org/10.25182/jgp.2016.11.3.%25p.
Ulfani DH, Martianto D, Baliwati YF. 2011. Faktor-faktor sosial ekonomi dan kesehatan masyarakat kaitannya dengan masalah gizi underweight, stunting dan wasted di Indonesia: Pendekatan ekologi gizi. J Gizi Pangan 6(1):59‒65. https://doi.org/10.25182/jgp.2011.6.1.59-65.
von Grebmer K, Bernstein J, Hossain N, Brown T, Prasai N, Yohannes Y, Towey O, Foley C, Patterson F, Sonntag A et al. 2017. Global Hunger Index: The Inequalities of Hunger. Washington DC (USA): International Food Policy Research Institute.
Warsini KT, Hadi H. Nurdiati DS. 2016. Riwayat KEK dan anemia pada ibu hamil tidak berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting pada anak usia 6–23 bulan di Kecamatan Sedayu, Bantul, Yogyakarta. Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia 4(1):29‒40.
[WHO] World Health Organization. 2010. Nutrition Landscape Information System (NLIS) Country Profile Indicators. Geneva (CH): WHO.
[WHO] World Health Organization 2015. Nutrition targets and indicators for the Post-2015 sustainable develop-ment goals accountability for the measurement of results in nutrition: A technical note. http://www.unscn.org/files/Publications/Post_2015_ Nutrition_Targets and_Indicators_final_ March_2015_website_.pdf [Accessed 2nd December 2016].
Authors
VidyariniA., MartiantoD., & SyariefH. (2021). Evaluation of Food and Nutrition Security Level at Provincial Level Based on Outcome Indicators in Indonesia. Jurnal Gizi Dan Pangan, 16(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.25182/jgp.2021.16.1.1-10
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The copyright of manuscripts of the article shall be assigned/transferred to Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Food)
Article Details
