Keefektifan Bakteri Asal Lahan Gambut sebagai Agens Pengendalian Penyakit Kresek dan Pupuk Hayati pada Tanaman Padi
Abstract
Effectiveness of Bacterial from Peatlands as Biological Control Agents of Bacterial Leaf Blight Disease and Bio-Fertilizer in Rice
The use of microbes for disease control and biological fertilizers has been developed as an alternative to the development of environmentally friendly agriculture. Exploration of microbes from various types of ecological habitats is continuously being carried out to obtain the potential microbes. Peatlands are thought to contain many types of microbes, especially bacteria that may play a role as antagonistic agents as well as biological fertilizers that are beneficial to plants. This study aimed to obtain bacterial strains that have the potential to control bacterial leaf blight (BLB) diseases on rice caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae as well as biological fertilizer. Research methodologies included sampling, isolating bacteria from peatlands and testing their potential as biological agents against X. oryzae pv. oryzae, biosafety tests, characterization of potential strains, test of the effectiveness of bacteria as antagonistic agents as well as biological fertilizers in planta. As many as 134 bacteria isolates were isolated from peat forest soil and former paddy fields and 40 of them showed different morphological characteristics. A total of 14 bacterial strains from peat soil were able to suppress the development of X. oryzae pv. oryzae. Characterization of 14 bacterial strains against the hypersensitive response (HR) test, blood agar hemolysis, nitrogen fixing ability, the resulting siderophore, phosphate solvent and cellulose degradation resulted in four potential bacterial strains. They have no potential as a pathogen for plants or mammals and have the character of a biological fertilizer. The in planta test of these four bacterial strains showed that these bacteria were able to reduce the severity of BLB disease in rice and increase rice growth in the vegetative phase.
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