Isolasi Bakteri Filosfer Berpotensi sebagai Penambat Nitrogen dan Deteksi in Vitro Kemampuannya dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Colletotrichum

Isolation of Potential Nitrogen-Fixing Phylloplane Bacteria and in Vitro Detection of Their Ability to Inhibit the Growth of Colletotrichum

  • Fitri Widiantini Dept. Plant Pests and Disease, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran
  • Fitika Syahnur Agrotechnology study program, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran
  • Yusup Hidayat Dept. Plant Pests and Disease, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran
  • Endah Yulia Dept. Plant Pests and Disease, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran
Keywords: anthracnose, biocontrol, chili, volatile compounds

Abstract

Isolation of Potential Nitrogen-Fixing Phylloplane Bacteria and in Vitro Detection of Their Ability to Inhibit the Growth of Colletotrichum

Anthracnose is one of the significant diseases in chili plants caused by Colletotrichum spp., with potential yield losses of up to 100%. The negative impact of fungicide use forces the search for biocontrol agents as part of environmentally friendly disease management. One of the sources where these biocontrol agents can be found is in the phyllosphere. This experiment aimed to obtain antagonistic bacteria from the phyllosphere of healthy chili plants that have the potential to be developed as biocontrol agents and potentially increase the nutrition uptake through nitrogen-fixation. Healthy chili plants were obtained from red chili plantations in Cijambu Village and Nanggerang Village, Sumedang Regency, West Java. Isolation using Nitrogen-free media and screening for antagonistic activity resulted in the isolation of eight bacterial strains, namely strains CJB1, CJB2, CJB3, CJB4, CJB5, NGR1, NGR2, and NGR3. The antagonistic tests on these eight bacterial strains were then conducted against various Colletotrichum spp. strains from different chili cultivation centers in Garut, Lembang, Sumedang, and Jatinangor. The testing was carried out using a dual-culture method followed by the examination of volatile compound activity using the double compartment method. The results showed that phyllosphere bacteria NGR1, CJB1, and CJB5 consistently demonstrated abilities to inhibit the growth of four Colletotrichum spp. strains, both directly through antagonistic tests and based on the volatile anticendawan compound activity produced by these bacterial strains. Malformations in the mycelium of Colletotrichum spp. were also detected when the pathogen was directly exposed to phyllosphere bacteria or their volatile compounds. This experiment indicates that phyllosphere bacteria that potentially capable of fixing nitrogen also have the potential to be developed as biocontrol agents for Colletotrichum spp.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

Fitri Widiantini, Dept. Plant Pests and Disease, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran

Fitri Widiantini is a jurnior lecturer at Dept of Plant Pests and Diseases Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran. She received her bachelor degree from Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Padjadjaran and received her master and PhD degree from Flinders University of South Australia

References

Abadi VAJM, Sepehri M, Rahmani HA, Dolatabad HK, Shamshiripour M, Khatabi B. 2021. Diversity and abundance of culturable nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the phyllosphere of maize. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 131(2):898–912. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jam.14975.

Agbavor C, Mirza BS, Wait A. 2022. The effects of phyllosphere bacteria on plant physiology and growth of soybean infected with Pseudomonas syringae. Plants. 11(9):2634. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11192634.

Akter S, Kadir J, Jurimi AS, Saud HM, Elmahdi S. 2014. Isolation and identification of antagonistic bacteria from phylloplane of rice as biocontrol agents for sheath blight. Journal of Environmental Biology. 35(6):1095–1100.

Anjarsari DT, Prasetyawati ET, Wuryandari Y. 2022. Pengaruh Bacillus sp. terhadap malformasi hifa patogen Phytophthora palmivora. Jurnal Agrohita. 7(1):67–73.

Azeem S, Agha SI, Jamil N, Tabassum B, Ahmed S, Raheem A, Jahan N, Ali N, Khan A. 2022. Characterization and survival of broad-spectrum biocontrol agents against phytopathogenic fungi. Revista Argentina de Microbiología. 54(3):233–242. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ram.2021.10.005.

Bhattacharjee RB, Singh A, Mukhopadhyay. 2008. Use of nitrogen-fixing bacteria as biofertilizer for non-legumes: Prospect and challenges. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 80:199–209. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-008-1567-2.

Bonaterra A, Badosa E, Daranas N, Frances J, Rosello G, Montesinos E. 2022. Bacteria as biological control agents of plant diseases. Microorganisms. 10(9):1759. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10091759.

Chaurasia B, Pandey A, Palni LMS, Trivedi P, Kumar B, Colvin N. 2005. Diffusible and volatile compounds produced by an antagonistic Bacillus subtilis strain cause structural deformations in pathogenic fungi in vitro. Microbiological Research. 160(1):75–81. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2004.09.013.

Dewi APK. 2022. Status Resistensi Colletotrichum spp. asal cabai dari Garut, Lembang, dan Sumedang terhadap Fungisida Berbahan Aktif Mankozeb, Propineb, dan Simoksanil [skripsi]. Jatinangor (ID): Universitas Padjadjaran.

Furnkranz M, Wanek W, Richter A, Abell G, Rasche F, Sessitsch A. 2008. Nitrogen fixation by phyllosphere bacteria associated with higher plants and their colonizing epiphytes of tropical lowland rainforest of Costa Rica. The ISME Journal. 2:561–570. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2008.14.

Gomez AG, Ramos FA, Sinuco DC. 2021. Screening of volatile compounds from actionobacteria for the control of phytopathogen Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Biocontrol Science and Technology. 31(10):1067–1079. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2021.1918635.

Haerani N, Syam’un E, Rasyid B, Haring F. 2021. Isolation and characterization of N-fixing and IAA producing rhizobacteria from two rice field agro-ecosystems in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas - Journal of Biological Diversity. 22(5):2497–2503. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d220506.

Holland MA, Davis R, Moffitt S, O’Laughlin K, Peach D, Sussan S, Wimbrow L, Tayman B. 2000. Using “Leaf Prints” to investigate a common bacterium. The American Biology Teacher. 62(2):128–131. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/4450852.

Kifle MH, Laing MD. 2016. Isolation and screening of bacteria for their diazotrophic potential and their influence on growth promotion of maize seedlings in greenhouses. Frontiers in Plant Science. 6(1225):1–8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.01225.

Legein M, Smets W, Vandenheuvel D, Eilers T, Muyshondt B, Prinsen E, Samson R, Lebeer S. 2020. Modes of action of microbial biocontrol in the phyllosphere. Frontiers in Microbiology. 11:2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01619.

Prabawati A, Susilowati A, Sugiyarto. 2019. Bakteri filosfer padi sebagai kandidat agen biokontrol terhadap Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) penyebab penyakit hawar daun bakteri. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Masyarakat Biodiversitas Indonesia. 5(2):256–262.

Siregar BA, KasimNN, N Farida. 2020. Isolasi dan karakterisasi biologi bakteri endofit, filosfer dan rizosfer dari tanaman sagu (Metroxylon sagu). Prosiding Seminar Nasional Biotik. 10-11 Juli 2019. Aceh (ID): UIN Ar-Raniry Darussalam Banda Aceh. Hlm 335–340.

Sobanbabu G, Theradiman M, Thiruvudainambi S, Vannirajan C, Rajavel S, Kalpana K, Sindhu S, Brindhadevi S. 2021. Evaluation of antagonistic activity of phylloplane bacteria against finger millet blast disease caused by Magnaporthe grisea. Biological Forum– An International Journal. 13(4):1058–1064.

Soliman AS, Khaleil MM, Metwally RA. 2022. Evaluation of the anticendawan activity of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and B. velezensis and characterization of the bioactive secondary metabolites produced against plant pathogenic bacteria. Biology. 11(10):1390. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11101390.

Soumare A, Diedhiou AG, Thuita M, Hafidi M, Ouhdouch Y, Gopalakrishnan S, Kouisni L. 2020. Exploiting biological nitrogen fixation: a route towards a sustainable agriculture. Plants. 9(8):1–22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9081011.

Teixido N, Usall J, Torres R. 2022. Insight into a successful development of biocontrol agents: Production, formulation, packaging, and shelf life as key aspects. Horticulturae. 8(4):305. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8040305.

Vacher C, Hampe A, Porte AJ, Suer U, Company S, Morris CE. 2016. The phyllosphere: microbial jungle at the plant-climate interface. Annual Review Ecology Evolution Systematics. 47:1–24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-121415-032238.

Widiantini F, Hartati F. 2020. Endophytic Bacteria origin of healthy rice plants produce anticendawan volatile compound inhibited the growth of Pyricularia oryzae Cav., the causal agent of rice blast disease. Cropsaver Journal of Plant Protection. 3(1):31–36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/cropsaver.v3i1.28121.

Widiantini F, Purnama A, Yulia E, Formanda D. 2016. Keefektifan oligochitosan dalam menekan pertumbuhan cendawan patogen Rigidoporus lignosus [(Klotzsch) Imazeki] penyebab penyakit cendawan akar putih pada tanaman cengkeh secara in vitro. Jurnal Agrikultura. 27(1):59–64. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/agrikultura.v27i1.8477.

Zhu YG, Peng J, Chen C, Xiong C, Li S, Wang E, Liesack W. 2023. Harnessing biological nitrogen fixation in plant leaves. Trends in Plant Science. 28(12):1391–1405. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2023.05.009.

Published
2024-02-13
How to Cite
WidiantiniF., SyahnurF., HidayatY., & YuliaE. (2024). Isolasi Bakteri Filosfer Berpotensi sebagai Penambat Nitrogen dan Deteksi in Vitro Kemampuannya dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Colletotrichum : Isolation of Potential Nitrogen-Fixing Phylloplane Bacteria and in Vitro Detection of Their Ability to Inhibit the Growth of Colletotrichum. Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia, 20(1), 34-46. https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.20.1.32-44