EVALUASI KESEPADANAN MUTU GIZI TEMPE KEDELAI PANGAN REKAYASA GENETIK (PRG) DAN NON-PRG SERTA DAMPAK KONSUMSINYA PADA TIKUS PERCOBAAN

Abstract

ABSTRACT

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of tempe that were made from Genetically Modified (GM) and non-GM soybean on protein quality, malondialdehide (MDA) levels, intracellular antioxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the liver and kidneys, as well as spermatozoa profile of experimental rats. Fourty five Sprague Dawley rats divided into eight treatment grups and one control, fed with tempe and soybean from GM and non-GM at 10% and 20% concentrations for 90 days. The results showed that there was no significant difference in term of protein quality, tempe made from GM soybean is substantially equivalent with tempe made from non-GM soybean. Results showed that group which was given ration of 10% protein from conventional soybean had lower liver and kidney MDA levels as compared to GM tempe 10% and 20% groups, but was not significant compared to conventional soybean 20% and casein 10% groups. While the value of liver and kidney SOD activity were not significantly different (p>0.05) between the groups of rats. There was no significant differences among the spermatozoa profiles treatment groups and control and they were within normal condition. Results of protein quality, MDA, SOD, and spermatozoa profile showed that tempe made from GM soybean was substantially equivalent with the non-GM soybean.

Keywords: GM soybean, MDA, non-GM tempe, SOD, spermatozoa profile

ABSTRAK

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh tempe Pangan Rekayasa Genetik (PRG) dan non-PRG meliputi kualitas protein, kadar malondialdehida (MDA) hati dan ginjal, aktivitas superoksida dismutase (SOD) hati dan ginjal, dan profil spermatozoa pada tikus percobaan. Sebanyak 45 tikus terbagi ke dalam delapan perlakuan dan satu kontrol yang diberikan perlakuan dengan ransum tempe dan kedelai, baik PRG maupun non-PRG, dengan konsentrasi 10% dan 20% selama 90 hari. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan dalam kualitas protein, tempe PRG memiliki nilai yang sama dengan tempe non-PRG. Tikus yang diberi ransum 10% protein kedelai non-PRG mempunyai nilai MDA hati dan ginjal yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan tempe PRG 10% dan 20%, tetapi tidak signifikan dengan kelompok kedelai non-PRG 20% dan kasein 10%. Sementara itu, nilai SOD hati dan ginjal tidak signifikan antar grup perlakuan (p>0,05). Tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan pada profil spermatozoa antar perlakuan. Hasil dari kualitas protein, MDA, SOD, dan profil spermatozoa menunjukkan bahwa kedelai dan tempe PRG memiliki kesamaan substansial dengan kedelai dan tempe non-PRG.

Kata kunci: MDA, profil spermatozoa, SOD, tempe kedelai PRG, tempe kedelai non-PRG