Transformasi Kelembagaan Pertanian melalui Korporasi Petani: Dampak Pengembangan Korporasi Petani terhadap Kinerja Usahatani
Transforming Agricultural Institutions through Corporate Farming: Assessing the Impact on Farm Performance
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29244/jp2wd.2025.9.3.%25pKeywords:
corporate farming, farm performance, institutionality, transformationAbstract
The transformation of agricultural development in Indonesia from a household-based model to an institutional and area-based system through corporate farming represents a strategic step that deserves recognition. Although still in the pilot phase, the development of corporate farming is expected to serve as an effective instrument for improving farm performance and farmer welfare. This study aims to analyze the implementation of corporate farming and evaluate their impact on farmer performance, with a particular focus on Mesuji Regency. The research employs both quantitative and qualitative approaches, utilizing primary and secondary data sources. The findings indicate that the development of corporate farming has a positive contribution to increasing productivity, total output, and farmers' income. Factors such as farmer capacity building, improved access to markets and production inputs, access to capital, and sustained technical assistance were found to significantly influence farm performance. These results underscore the urgency of strengthening farmer institutions through the corporate model as a strategy for inclusive and sustainable agricultural development.
Downloads
References
Abriani, D., Effendy, E. H., & Ikhsan, M. (2022). Evaluasi Keberhasilan Sistem Agribisnis Jagung pada Korporasi Petani di Desa Marga Catur, Kabupaten Lampung Selatan. Jurnal Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis (JEPA), 6(3), 1011–1019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jepa.2022.006.02.12
Adilah, I., Haryono, D., & Rosanti, N. (2022). Analisis Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Keputusan Petani Jagung untuk Bergabung dalam Korporasi Petani di Kabupaten Lampung Selatan. Jurnal Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis (JEPA), 6(3), 1001–1010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jepa.2022.006.02.8
Alulu, J. (2020). Participation in contract farming and its effects on technical efficiency and income of vegetable farmers in Western Kenya. Tesis. Egerton University, Kenya. http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/153099
Anantanyu, S. (2011). Kelembagaan petani: peran dan strategi pengembangan kapasitasnya. SEPA: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis. 7(2): 102–109. https://doi.org/10.20961/sepa.v7i2.4
Anggreany, S. (2025). Korporasi petani: model kelembagaan untuk kesejahteraan petani – tantangan utama dalam pengembangan korporasi petani. Buletin Teknologi & Inovasi Pertanian. 4(1): [terbit April 2025]
Barrett, C. B. (2008). Smallholder market participation: Concepts and evidence from eastern and southern Africa. Food Policy, 33(4), 299–317.
Bidzakin, J. S., Kofi, A. B., & Harkness, D. (2018). The impact of contract farming on rice farmers' productivity and efficiency in Ghana. Food Policy, 76, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1108/JADEE-11-2018-0160
Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). (2023). Hasil Pencacahan Lengkap. Sensus Pertanian 2023. Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik.
Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). (2024). Produk Domestik Regional Bruto Kabupaten Mesuji Menurut Lapangan Usaha 2019-2023. Mesuji: BPS Kabupaten Mesuji.
Bernard T, Spielman DJ. (2009). Reaching the rural poor through rural producer organizations? A study of agricultural marketing cooperatives in Ethiopia. Food Policy. 34(1): 60-69. doi: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2008.08.001.
Bose, A. K. (2013). Issues of Landlessness, Contract and Corporate Farming. Journal of Land and Rural Studies, 1(1), 25–39. https://doi.org/10.1177/2321024913483037
CIFOR-ICRAF. (2018). Praktik dan inovasi permodalan petani sawit di Malaysia dan Indonesia: Solusi permodalan jangka panjang dalam membangun rantai nilai berkelanjutan. https://www.cifor-icraf.org/knowledge/publication/6895/
Davis, K., Babu, S. C., & Blom, S. (2014). The role of extension and advisory services in building resilience of smallholder farmers (2020 Conference Brief 13). International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). https://www.ifpri.org/publication/role-extension-and-advisory-services-building-resilience-smallholder-farmers
De Janvry A, Sadoulet, E. (2002). World poverty and the role of agricultural technology: Direct and indirect effects. The Journal of Development Studies. 38(4): 1-26. doi: 10.1080/00220380412331322401.
Dong, Y., Mu, Y., Abler, D. (2019). Do farmer professional cooperatives improve technical efficiency and income? Evidence from small vegetable farms in China. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics. 51(4):1-15. https://doi.org/10.1017/aae.2019.22
Faried, A., Uswatun, Sembiring, R., & Ulzannah, N. (2024). Pemberdayaan petani padi melalui inovasi teknologi pertanian: Strategi peningkatan produksi dan pendapatan di Desa Sidodadi Ramunia. Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Berkala, 5(2), 112–124. DOI:https://doi.org/10.58812/jpws.v3i11.1721
Feder, G., Just, R. E., & Zilberman, D. (1987). Adoption of agricultural innovations in developing countries: A survey. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 35(2), 255–298.
Fischer, E., Qaim, M. (2012). Linking smallholders to markets: Determinants and impacts of farmer collective action in Kenya. World Development. 40(6): 1255-1268. doi: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2011.11.018
Hanf, J. H., & Gagalyuk, T. (2018). Integration of small farmers into value chains: Evidence from Eastern Europe and Central Asia. In G. Egilmez (Ed.), Agricultural value chain. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.73191
He, Y., & Chen, Y. (2024). The Impact of Agricultural Cooperatives on Farmers’ Agricultural Revenue: Evidence from Rural China. Sustainability, 16(2), 892. https://doi.org/10.3390/su162410979
Hermanto. (2021). Strategi akselerasi pengembangan korporasi petani. Jakarta: Pusat Pelatihan Pertanian – Badan Penyuluhan dan Pengembangan SDM Pertanian, Kementerian Pertanian. https://repository.pertanian.go.id/items/5ae86cad-f33f-4c8c-9420-bb57aadd4236
Hosmer, D. W., & Lemeshow, S. (2000). Applied Logistic Regression. John Wiley & Sons.
Irawan, M. (2023). Peran Penyuluh Pertanian dalam Keberhasilan Usahatani Terpadu Berbasis Keluarga. Agriekstensia: Jurnal Penelitian Terapan Bidang Pertanian, 6(2), 132–141. DOI: https://doi.org/10.34145/agriekstensia.v22i1.2413
Ismiasih, R., Nugroho, B. A., & Santosa, P. B. (2023). Institutional Synergy in Diffusion and Adoption of Agricultural Technology in Farming Communities in Bantul District, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian, 19(2), 101–110. https://doi.org/10.25047/jsep.v19i2.3421
Jiang, M., Li, J., & Mi, Y. (2024). Farmers’ Cooperatives and Smallholder Farmers’ Access to Credit: Evidence from China. China Economic Review, 82, 102109. DOI: 10.1016/j.asieco.2024.101746
Kementerian Pertanian Republik Indonesia. (2023). Akses Layanan Keuangan Bagi Petani/Peternak dan Korporasi Petani dengan digitalisasi: Laporan Proyek Perubahan. https://repository.pertanian.go.id/items/bb962901-483f-470f-803b-6f1f12505e44
Khandker, S. R., & Koolwal, G. B. (2016). How has microcredit supported agriculture? Evidence using panel data from Bangladesh. Agricultural Economics, 47(2), 157–168. https://doi.org/10.1111/agec.12185
Luo W, Timothy D. (2017). An assessment of farmers’ satisfaction with land consolidation performance in China. Land Use Policy. 61: 501-510. DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2016.12.002
Mardiyanto, M., Widodo, S., & Purnomo, H. (2022). Strategi penguatan kelembagaan petani sebagai produsen benih padi di Kabupaten Magelang. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian, 31(2), 80–87. https://doi.org/10.55259/jiip.v31i2.44
Miyarnis, D., Dewi, D. S., & Budiwan, D. W. (2024). Peningkatan kapasitas petani melalui pelatihan pemupukan tanaman padi di Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Jurnal Agroplasma, 11(2), 539–546. https://doi.org/10.25077/agroplasma.v11i2.1456
Mustafa, I., & Kurnia, G. (2013). Prospect of the Implementation of Corporate Farming System. Jurnal Agrisep DOI 10.31186/jagrisep.17.1.11-22.
Ningsih, D. H., Iskandar, M. J., & Hidayati, E. (2022). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi padi model corporate farming di Jawa Tengah. Jurnal AgriRinjani, 2(1), 21–29.
Nuryanti, T., Milla, A. N, & Astutiningsing, E. T. (2023). Analisis Efektivitas Distribusi Pupuk Bersubsidi di Kecamatan Sukabumi. MAHATANI: Jurnal Agribisnis, 5(1), 22–31. DOI: https://doi.org/10.52434/mja.v6i1.2421
Novianti, F. A., Nursetiawan, I., Sobari, M., Risnawati, R., & Saputra, U. I. (2024). Pemberdayaan kelompok tani dalam pemanfaatan teknologi tepat guna untuk meningkatkan produktivitas pertanian di Desa Sukajadi Kecamatan Sadananya. Manfaat: Jurnal Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat Indonesia, 1(3), 52–59. https://doi.org/10.62951/manfaat.v1i3.83
Qu, F., Liu, B., & Yang, J. (2020). Effects of Agricultural Cooperative Society on Farmers’ Technical Efficiency: Evidence from Stochastic Frontier Analysis. Sustainability, 12(10), 4001. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12198194
Saragih. B. (2009). Agribisnis Paradigma Baru Pembangunan Ekonomi. Berbasis Pertanian. Bogor: IPBpress
Selorm, A., Sarpong, D. B. S., Egyir, I. S., Bonsu, A. M., & An, H. (2023). Does contract farming affect technical efficiency? Evidence from soybean farmers in Northern Ghana. Agricultural and Food Economics, 11(9). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40100-022-00240-9
Singh, S. (2006). Corporate Farming in India: Is it Must for Agricultural Development?. Indian Institute Of Management Ahmedabad-380 015.
Sedyowati, A. H., Mulyani, S., & Lidia. (2024). Penerapan Teknologi CSA mampu Meningkatkan Produksi, Produktivitas Padi dan Keuntungan Ekonomi Petani. Jurnal Suluhtani, 3(1), 1–10. https://garuda.kemdiktisaintek.go.id/documents/detail/4402061
Sugiantara, I. M. A., & Utama, I. M. S. (2019). Pengaruh pelatihan terhadap produktivitas petani asparagus di Kabupaten Badung. Buletin Studi Ekonomi, 24(2), 155–162. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24843/BSE.2019.v24.i01.p01
Tambunan, T. (2019). Indonesian Small Businesses and Their Access to Financing. International Journal of Business Management and Economic Review 2(3): 88-105.
The World Bank. (2022). Project Appraisal Document on a Proposed Loan in the Amount of US$100 Million to the Republic of Indonesia for an Agriculture Value Chain Development Project (ICARE). Report No: PAD4125. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
Trebbin, A., & Hassler, M. (2012). Farmers' producer companies in India: A new concept for collective action? Environment and Planning A, 44(2), 411–427. https://doi.org/10.1068/a44143
Verhofstadt, E., Maertens, M. (2015). Can agricultural cooperatives reduce poverty? Heterogeneous impact of cooperative membership on farmers' welfare in Rwanda. Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy. 37(1): 86-106.
Witjaksono, J., Djaenudin, D., Fery Purba, S., Yulianti, A., Fadwiwati, A. Y., Muslimin, Sitompul, R. F., Azahari, D. H., Imran, Purba, R., & Seerasarn, N. (2024). Corporate farming model for sustainable supply chain crude palm oil of independent smallholder farmers. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 8, 1418732. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2024.1418732
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Abdul Jamaludin, Rachmad Pambudy, Harianto
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
.png){kind=logo}
