RESPONS SUHU PERMUKAAN LAUT DAN KLOROFIL-A TERHADAP KEJADIAN ENSO DAN IODM DI WILAYAH INDO-PASIFIK TROPIS
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analisis-EOF, klorofil-a, ENSO, Indo Pasific Tropis, IODM, SPL
Abstrak
Fenomena anomali laut-atmosfer antar-tahunan dari El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) dan Indian Ocean Dipole Mode (IODM) di wilayah Indo-Pasifik Tropis memberikan dampak pada ekosistem laut, hidrologi dan variabilitas iklim. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pola spasial dan variabilitas temporal suhu permukaan laut (SPL) dan klorofil-a permukaan (Chl-a) terkait dengan ENSO dan IODM di Indo-Pasifik Tropis. Data deret waktu bulanan dari tahun 1980-2017 (37 tahun) diperoleh dari pusat data global, dan dianalisis menggunakan metode empirical orthogonal function (EOF). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai tiga terbesar pertama dari SPL (Chl-a) menjelaskan 81,7% (76%) dari total explained variance. Struktur spasial SPL mode-1 (56%) membentuk seperti dua kutub asimetris antara timur dan barat Pasifik Tropis dengan pola yang berbeda di lepas Pantai Peru. Pola ini diduga berhubungan dengan tahun normal atau La Nina. Selanjutnya, kondisi EL Nino dan IODM diduga tergambarkan oleh SPL mode-2 (19%), dengan fase negatif dominan di atas ekuator Pasifik dan menghilangnya area upwelling di lepas Pantai Peru.
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Penulis
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