ANALISIS EFISIENSI TATANIAGA BAWANG MERAH DI KECAMATAN WANASARI KABUPATEN BREBES JAWA TENGAH
Abstract
Bawang merah merupakan salah satu komoditas hortikultura unggulan Indonesia. Kabupaten Brebes adalah sentra produksi bawang merah terbesar di Jawa Tengah. Harga bawang merah yang fluktuatif dan selisih harga yang cukup besar antara harga di tingkat petani dengan harga yang dibayar konsumen membuat farmer’s share yang diterima petani kecil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis saluran, lembaga, fungsi tataniaga, serta efisiensi operasional dan harga dari tataniaga bawang merah di Kecamatan Wanasari. Data penelitian diperoleh dari hasil observasi, wawancara serta data pendukung dari instansi terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat tiga saluran tataniaga yang melakukan setiap fungsi tataniaga. Secara operasional, sistem tataniaga belum efisien karena ketidakmerataan marjin dan keuntungan, namun berdasarkan perhitungan kuantitatif saluran III merupakan saluran yang paling efisien dengan marjin Rp4.250 per kg dan farmer’s share 71,6%. Sistem tataniaga sudah efisien secara harga dilihat dari adanya integrasi vertikal antara harga di tingkat petani dan di tingkat pedagang grosir Pasar Induk Kramat Jati.
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