PERBAIKAN STATUS GIZI ANAK BALITA DENGAN INTERVENSI BISKUIT BERBASIS BLONDO, IKAN GABUS (Channa striata), DAN BERAS MERAH (Oryza nivara)

Abstract

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of blondo, snakehead fish flour and brown rice flour-based biscuit on the improvement of the nutritional status of anthropometric and serum albumin in malnourished children aged 3-5 years old. The design of this study was Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) with single blind pre-post study. The total subjects were 50 underfive children and divided into two groups. They were given the biscuits for 90 days. Before intervention, the body weight and serum albumin level of subjects were measured. The analysis method were paired t-test. The result showed that the difference between baseline and endline in control group for energy was 20.8±3.9 kcal, treatment group was 45.6±8.6 kcal, endline in control group for protein was 9.5±1 g, and treatment group was 16.6±2.4 g. The changing of weight in the control group from 11.7±0.8 kg increase to 13.3±1.1 kg, the weight of treatment group from 11.7±0.7 kg increase to 13.6±1.0 kg. The increasing of albumin level in the control group was 0.3±0.1 g/dL, and treatment group was 1.0±0.2 g/dL. The increase of weight for age and albumin level after consuming nutritious biscuits can increase and normalize the nutritional status of the malnourished children. It is concluded that intervention of the formulated biscuits for 90 days could increase the nutritional status (weight for age and weight for height) and the serum albumin level in the 3-5 years old malnourished children.

Keywords: albumin, biscuit, blondo, brown rice flour, malnutrition, snakehead fish flour

ABSTRAK

Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis pengaruh biskuit berbasis blondo, ikan gabus (Channa striata), dan beras merah (Oryza nivara) terhadap perbaikan status gizi antropometri dan serum albumin anak gizi kurang usia 3-5 tahun. Desain penelitian Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) Single Blind Pre-post Study. Jumlah subjek 50 balita terbagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol. Kelompok perlakuan diberikan biskuit selama 90 hari. Sebelum dan setelah intervensi dilakukan pengukuran berat badan, tinggi badan, dan kadar serum albumin. Metode analisis menggunakan paired t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perubahan asupan energi antara awal dan akhir masa perlakuan pada kelompok kontrol adalah energi 20,8+3,9 kkal, kelompok perlakuan 45,6+8,6 kkal, perbedaan asupan protein kelompok kontrol 9,5+1 g dan kelompok perlakuan 16,6+2,4 g. Perubahan berat badan kelompok kontrol 11,7+0,8 kg menjadi 13,3+1,1 kg, kelompok perlakuan 11,7+0,7 kg menjadi 13,6+1,0 kg. Peningkatan albumin kelompok kontrol 0,3+0,1 g/dL, kelompok perlakuan 1,0+0,2 g/dL. Peningkatan berat badan dan albumin setelah mengonsumsi biskuit mampu memperbaiki status gizi anak gizi kurang menjadi normal. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa intervensi formula biskuit selama 90 hari dapat meningkatkan status gizi BB/U, BB/TB, dan kadar serum albumin anak gizi kurang usia 3-5 tahun.

Kata kunci: albumin, biskuit, blondo, gizi kurang, tepung beras merah, tepung ikan gabus