Deteksi Virus African Swine Fever dari Sampah Makanan Kapal Laut Internasional di Pelabuhan Tanjung Priok
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Sampah makanan kapal dihasilkan dari sampah dapur dan atau restoran yang berasal dari kru kapal atau penumpang. Sampah makanan kapal laut internasional yang diturunkan di Pelabuhan Tanjung Priok berpotensi sebagai media pembawa virus African swine fever (ASF) ke Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi keberadan virus ASF dari sampah makanan kapal laut internasional yang berasal atau transit dari negara tertular ASF di Pelabuhan Tanjung Priok. Jumlah sampel dari setiap negara dihitung secara proporsional dari data jumlah frekuensi kedatangan kapal. Sebanyak 23 sampel pooling sampah makanan yang mengandung daging babi didapatkan dari 23 kapal yang berasal dari 5 negara tertular ASF yaitu China, Hong Kong, Vietnam, Filipina, dan Korea Selatan. Sampel diuji dengan real-time PCR di Balai Besar Uji Standar Karantina Pertanian menggunakan kit ekstraksi dan master mix komersial serta primer King seperti yang direkomendasikan oleh OIE. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari total 23 sampel yang diambil sebanyak 2 sampel positif (8,69%) mengandung virus ASF. Sampel positif tersebut berasal dari kapal China dan Filipina. Keberadaan virus ASF pada sampah makanan tersebut menunjukkan indikasi bahwa sampah makanan dari kapal laut internasional dapat menjadi jalur masuknya ASF ke Indonesia.
Kata kunci: African swine fever, sampah makanan, kapal laut, real-time PCR
ABSTRACT
Ship’s food waste was generated from the kitchen and or the restaurant originating from ships crews or passengers. International ship’s food waste that is disposed at Tanjung Priok Port has the potential to carry African swine fever (ASF) to Indonesia. This study is aimed to detect the presence of the ASF virus from international ship’s food waste originating or transiting from ASF-infected countries at Tanjung Priok Port. The number of samples from each country which was calculated proportionally from the data on the frequency of ship arrivals. A total of 23 pooling samples of food waste containing pork were obtained from 23 ships from 5 ASF-infected countries, i.e., China, Hong Kong, Vietnam, Philippines, and South Korea. Samples were tested with real-time PCR at The Center for Diagnostic of Agricultural Quarantine using extraction kits and commercial master mixes and King’s primer as recommended by OIE. The results showed that from total of 23 samples, there were 2 positive samples (8.69%) containing the ASF virus. Those positive samples were from China and Philippines ships. The presence of the ASF virus in food waste indicates that food waste from international ships can be the entry route for ASF to Indonesia.
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