Perilaku Memelihara Burung Paruh Bengkok di Maluku Utara
Abstract
Kajian tentang pemeliharaan burung paruh bengkok di Maluku Utara telah dilaksanakan pada bulan April sampai bulan Juli 2012. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah survei dengan melakukan wawancara terhadap 800 responden rumah tangga di 2 kota di Maluku Utara, yaitu Ternate dan Tobelo. Sebanyak 28 pertanyaan diajukan kepada responden terkait kepemilikan burung, cara mendapatkan, cara pemeliharaan, alasan memelihara, serta persepsi terhadap perilaku memelihara burung terkait dengan kelestariannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 13,6 % rumah tangga memelihara burung. Jenis yang paling banyak dipelihara adalah burung paruh bengkok, seperti kasturi ternate Lorius garrulus (68,2%), kemudian disusul secara berurut-urut kakatua putih Cacatua alba (10,1 %), nuri bayan Eclectus roratus (7,3 %) dan nuri kalung-ungu Eos squamata (16%), sementara jenis lainnya adalah nuri kepala hitam Lorius lory, serta bukan jenis paruh bengkok seperti julang irian Rhyticeros plicatus, merpati Columba livia, dan pergam kaca mata Ducula perspicillata dengan jumlah kira-kira sama. Alasan memelihara burung paling banyak adalah karena bisa menirukan kata (75,3%). Burung biasanya dipelihara dengan merantai kakinya di gantungan kayu (71%) dan pemelihara juga mencabut bulu sayap burung untuk mencegahnya terbang (34%). Rendahnya pengetahuan terhadap pemeliharaan burung berdampak pada tidak terpenuhinya kesejahteraan burung peliharaan dan rendahnya kesadaran terhadap kelestarian burung menjadi ancaman utama kepunahan burung di alam.
Kata kunci: paruh bengkok, perilaku memelihara burung, Maluku Utara, wawancara
(Parrot Bird-Keeping in North Maluku)
Information of parrots bird keeping in North Maluku is available since the study has been conducted during April until July 2012. We interviewed 800 households in Ternate and Tobelo, North Maluku with total of 28 questions. The Questions were about the ownership of the birds, how to get, reason and how to keep care, as well as the perception of bird conservation related to bird-keeping. The results showed 13.6% of households keeping birds. Chattering lory Lorius garrulus were found to be the most popular pet (68.2%), followed by white cockatoo Cacatua alba (10.1%), eclectus parrot Eclectus roratus (7.3%) and violet-necked lory Eos squamata (16% ), the rest is divided equally respectively black-capped lory Lorius lory, and non-parrot species; blyth’s hornbill Rhyticeros plicatus, rock dove Columba livia, spectacled imperial-pigeon Ducula perspicillata. Birds were usually found with chained legs on wooden hangers (71%) and about 34% bird found with the flight feather hacked off to prevent escape. The concern for animal welfare were relatively low as well as for bird conservation.
Keywords: Parrot, bird-keeping, Ternate, Tobelo North Maluku, interview
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