PENDUGAAN PEPTIDA BIOAKTIF DARI SUSU TERHIDROLISIS OLEH PROTEASE TUBUH DENGAN TEKNIK IN SILICO
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Published
29 June 2018
Keywords:
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bioactive peptides, in silico, milk protein, peptide cutter
Abstract
The production of bioactive peptides catalyzed by gastrointestinal system (GIS) enzymes can be predicted in silico. The technique is more preferred than others such as in vivo and in vitro due to its low cost and less tedious procedure. The current study was aimed to predict bioactive peptides resulted from the digestion of bovine milk proteins. The digestion or so-called hydrolysis was simulated by means of a web-based in silico method. Identified bovine milk proteins from the available literatures were αS1-casein, αS2-casein, β-casein, κ-casein, β-lactoglobulin, α-lactalbumin, and lactoferrin. The compositions of amino acids (AAs) or protein sequences were accessed and tabulated from the Universal Protein Resource site (UniProt). Furthermore, the hydrolysis of each protein were simulated using three (3) GIS proteases, i.e., pepsin, trypsin, and chymotrypsin, and their possible combinations. All simulations were performed through web-based procedures using PeptideCutter, Expert Protein Analysis System (ExPASy). The resulted peptides were arranged according to the positions of cleavage sites for each cutting simulation, and compared to the available bioactive peptides data base in the literatures in terms of their AA residues (sequences). The simulation results indicated that β-casein and αS1-casein were the most potent proteins to yield bioactive peptides, of 52 and 48%, respectively. Moreover, each type of the investigated bovine milk proteins could be hydrolyzed by GIS proteases to produce antihypertensive bioactive peptides. This web-based in silico method is conclusively useful to predict bioactive peptides derived from bovine milk, and may also be used for other protein sources.
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Bruni N, Capucchio MT, Biasibetti E, Pessione E, Cirrincione S, Giraudo L, Corona A, Dosia F. 2016. Antimicrobial activity of lactoferrin-related peptides and applications in human and veteri-nary medicine. Molecules 21: 1-25. DOI: 10.339 0/molecules21060752.
Choi J, Sabikhi L, Hassan A, Anand S. 2012. Bioac-tive peptides in dairy products. Int J Dairy Technol 65: 1-12. DOI: 10.1111/j.14710307.201 1.00725.x.
Doytchinova IA, Walshe VA, Jones NA, Gloster SE, Borrow P, Flower DR. 2004. Coupling in silico and in vitro analysis of peptide-MHC binding: A bioinformatic approach enabling prediction of superbinding peptides and anchorless epitopes. J Immunol 172: 7495-7502. DOI: 10.4049/jim munol.172.12.7495.
Dziuba M, Dziuba B, Iwaniak A. 2009. Milk proteins as precursors of bioactive peptides. Acta Scien-tiarum Polonorum, Technologia Alimentaria. Trends Food Sci Tech 8: 71-90. DOI: 10.1016/0 924-2244(90)90029-X.
Ekins S, Mestres J, Testa B. 2007. In silico pharma-cology for drug discovery: Methods for virtual ligand screening and profiling. Brit J Pharmacol 152: 9-20. DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0707305.
Gasteiger E, Gattiker A, Hoogland C, Ivanyi I, Appel RD, Bairoch A. 2003. ExPASy: The proteomics server for in-depth protein knowledge and ana-lysis. Nucleic Acids Res 31: 3784-3788. DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkg563.
Gobbetti M, Stepaniak L, de Angelis M, Corsetti A, di Cagno R. 2002. Latent bioactive peptides in milk proteins: Proteolytic activation and signifi-cance in dairy processing. Crit Rev Food Sci 42: 223-239. DOI: 10.1080/104086902908255 38.
Gu Y, Majumder K, Wu J. 2011. QSAR-aided in silico approach in evaluation of food proteins as precursors of ACE inhibitory peptides. Food Res Int 44: 2465-2474. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres. 2011.01.051.
Iwaniak A. dan Dziuba J. 2011. BIOPEP-PBIL tool for the analysis of the structure of biologically active motifs derived from food proteins. Food Technol Biotech 49: 118-127.
Korhonen HJ. 2009a. Milk-derived bioactive pep-tides: From science to applications. J Funct Food 1: 177-187. DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2009.01.0 07.
Korhonen HJ. 2009b. Bioactive milk proteins and peptides: From science to functional applica-tions. Aust J Dairy Technol 64: 16-25.
Korhonen HJ. 2011. Bioactive milk proteins, peptides and lipids and other functional com-ponents derived from milk and bovine colos-trum. Roy Soc Ch 471-511. Woodhead Publish-ing Limited. DOI: 10.1533/9780857092557.3. 471.
Minkiewicz P, Dziuba J, Iwaniak A, Dziuba M, Darewicz M. 2008. BIOPEP database and other programs for processing bioactive peptide se-quences. J AOAC Int 91: 965-980.
Mohanty DP dan Mohapatra S. 2016. Milk derived bioactive peptides and their impact on human health - a review. Saudi J Biol Sci 23: 577-583. DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.06.005.
Nagpal R, Behare P, Rana R, Kumar A, Arora S, Morotta F, Jain S, Yadav H. 2011. Bioactive peptides derived from milk proteins and their health beneficial potentials: An update. Food Funct 2: 18-27. DOI: 10.1039/C0FO00016G.
Sánchez A dan Vázquez A. 2017. Bioactive peptides - a review. Food Qual Saf 1: 29-46. DOI: 10.1093/fqsafe/fyx006.
Sitanggang AB, Drews A, Kraume M. 2016. Deve-lopment of a continuous membrane reactor process for enzyme-catalyzed lactulose syn-thesis. Biochem Eng J 109: 65-80. DOI: 10. 1016/j.bej.2016.01.006.
Sucher NJ. 2014. Searching for synergy in silico, in vitro and in vivo. Synergy 1: 30-43. DOI: 10.10 16/j.synres.2014.07.004.
Tulipano G, Faggi L, Nardone A, Cocchi D, Caroli AM. 2015. Characterisation of the potential of β-lactoglobulin and α-lactalbumin as sources of bioactive peptides affecting incretin function: In silico and in vitro comparative studies. Int Dairy J 48: 66-72. DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2015.01.008.
Vercruysse L, van Camp J, Dewettinck K, Smagghe G. 2009. Production and Enrichment of Bioac-tive Peptides Derived from Milk Proteins. 51-67. Woodhead Publishing Limited. DOI: 10.1533/ 9781845697198.1.51.
Authors
SitanggangA. B., SudarsonoS., & SyahD. (2018). PENDUGAAN PEPTIDA BIOAKTIF DARI SUSU TERHIDROLISIS OLEH PROTEASE TUBUH DENGAN TEKNIK IN SILICO. Jurnal Teknologi Dan Industri Pangan, 29(1), 93-101. https://doi.org/10.6066/jtip.2018.29.1.93
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