CHARACTERIZATION OF TAMBAN VARIETY PINEAPPLE LEAF FIBER USING MECHANICAL EXTRACTION AS A SUSTAINABLE COMPOSITE REINFORCEMENT MATERIAL

Noor Ridha Yanti; Agung Nugroho; Luthfi Fatah; Hesty Heryani

doi:10.24961/j.tek.ind.pert.2026.36.2.206

Authors

Noor Ridha Yanti Department of Environmental Sciences, Postgraduate Program, University of Lambung Mangkurat, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7881-9099
Agung Nugroho Department of Agro-industrial Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lambung Mangkurat, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7236-9654
Luthfi Fatah Department of Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lambung Mangkurat, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6984-2658
Hesty Heryani Department of Agro-industrial Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lambung Mangkurat, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8325-2657

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24961/j.tek.ind.pert.2026.36.2.206

Abstract

Pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) is one of the most promising natural fibers derived from agricultural waste. Utilization of abundant pineapple leaf waste is a strategic solution in the development of sustainable environmentally friendly materials. This study aimed at characterizing the microstructure and assessing the mechanical properties of PALF of the Tamban variety from Barito Kuala Regency extracted using a mechanical separation method. The characterization methods used include X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX). Mechanical performance was evaluated through tensile tests (modified ASTM D638) and Izod impact tests on technical fiber bundles. The results showed that the mechanical extraction process produced a yield of 4.09% while maintaining the type I cellulose structure. XRD analysis showed a crystallinity index of 23.68% at 2θ = 22.2675° with a nanoscale crystallite size (17.15 nm). XRF data showed the dominance of K (41.4%), Ca (26.6%), and Si (12.4%) elements contributing to the thermal resistance of the fiber and SEM-EDX observations showed a rough and porous surface morphology, which supported strong mechanical bonds. The mechanical advantages were shown by an average tensile strength of 509.29 MPa and a shock resistance of 33.33 kJ/m². This study proves the high potential of PALF Tamban variety as a tough structural composite reinforcement and supports the independence of sustainable local resource-based materials.

Keywords:
biomass, crystallinity index, tensile and impact performance, fiber separation, natural fiber reinforcement