Analisis Pengetahuan, Sikap, Praktik, dan Kepatuhan Regulasi Label Pangan pada Pelaku UMKM di Kabupaten Bandung

Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices, and Compliance of Food MSMEs with Food Label Regulations in Bandung Regency

Abstract

A processed food label refers to any information regarding processed food in the form of images, text, a combination of both, or other forms that are included in, attached to, or become part of the food packaging. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the characteristics of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) actors, MSME characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and practices of MSME actors in Bandung Regency regarding compliance with food labeling. The research design used a cross-sectional study and involved 50 food MSME actors who participated in food labeling training program organized by the Bandung Regency Health Office from July to August 2025. Compliance was operationally defined using a structured checklist based on national food labeling regulations, with scores categorized as compliant (≥80% of mandatory labeling components fulfilled) and non-compliant (<80%). Data were collected through structured questionnaires and label observations, and analyzed using Spearman correlation with correlation coefficients (r) reported as effect size indicators. The findings showed no significant associations between MSME actors’ characteristics, enterprise characteristics, knowledge, or attitudes and labeling compliance (p>0.05; r<0.20), suggesting weak relationships. In contrast, labeling practices demonstrated a statistically significant moderate positive correlation with compliance (r=0.42; p<0.05). These results indicate that practical implementation behaviors play a more critical role than knowledge or attitudes alone in achieving regulatory compliance. The study is limited by its relatively small sample size and inclusion of only MSMEs participating in training, which may limit external validity. Policy efforts should therefore prioritize continuous technical assistance, hands-on mentoring, and post-training monitoring systems to strengthen sustainable compliance with food labeling regulations among MSMEs.