Jurnal Ilmu Gizi dan Dietetik (J. Gizi Dietetik) or Journal of Nutritional Science and Dietetics is a scholarly publication issued by the Department of Community Nutrition at the Faculty of Human Ecology, IPB University, along with PERGIZI PANGAN Indonesia and the Indonesia Dietetic Association (Asosiasi Dietisien Indonesia - AsDI). It has been in publication since 2022 and is released quarterly in March, June, September, and December. This open-access journal allows readers to freely access all published articles. The journal is available online and has an E-ISSN no. 2830-0890. Jurnal Ilmu Gizi dan Dietetik is accredited as a SINTA 3 journal in the Science and Technology Index (SINTA), an online scientific portal managed by the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Republic of Indonesia. This accreditation is valid from Vol. 1 No. 2 (September 2022) to Vol. 6 No. 1 (March 2027). Jurnal Ilmu Gizi dan Dietetik invites submissions of original research papers that focus on various aspects of nutrition and dietetics. These include biochemical aspects of nutrition, clinical nutrition, community nutrition, sports nutrition, dietetics, health-related food components, nutritional supplementation and fortification, food security and nutrition, nutrition education and counseling, and the socioeconomic and cultural aspects of nutrition, as well as regulatory and informational aspects of nutrition and dietetics. All articles undergo a double-blind peer-review process, and the Editorial Board makes the final decision on acceptance based on the reviewers' recommendations.
Departemen Gizi Masyarakat, Fakultas Ekologi Manusia, IPB dan PERGIZI PANGAN Indonesia
Hubungan Asupan Mikronutrien dengan Kejadian Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 pada Dewasa di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Mojo Surabaya
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a health problem that has long-term impacts, causing damage to blood vessels in the liver, eyes, kidneys, and nerves. The mechanism of type 2 diabetes is caused by two main factors: imperfect insulin secretion by pancreatic β-cells and the inability of insulin-sensitive tissues to respond to insulin. The risk of type 2 diabetes increases with age. However, the onset of type 2 diabetes now occurs earlier in individuals, starting at the age of twenty. In addition to the effects of high sugar consumption, micronutrient deficiencies are also a factor in the occurrence of type 2 diabetes. Micronutrients play a role in increasing the work of the insulin hormone in regulating blood sugar in the body. This study aims to analyze the relationship between micronutrient intake and the incidence of type 2 diabetes in adults in the Mojo Health Center work area, Surabaya. This study employs a case-control study design with a sample size of 33 respondents for each case and control group, resulting in a total of 66 respondents. Data collection was carried out using an SQ-FFQ. Random blood sugar level data were obtained through blood tests with a glucometer. Data analysis was carried out using the Chi-square correlation test. The results show that there is a relationship between zinc intake (p=0.014; OR=4.025) and manganese (p=0.049; OR=3.316) with the incidence of type 2 diabetes. There is no relationship between selenium intake (p=1.000) and chromium intake (p=1.000) with the incidence of type 2 diabetes. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that insufficient zinc intake increases the risk of type 2 diabetes 4.025 times, and insufficient manganese intake increases the risk of type 2 diabetes 3.316 times. Diabetes mellitus patients can consume foods containing high levels of zinc and manganese, such as shellfish, beef, nuts, milk, eggs, and brown rice in an effort to reduce the severity of the disease.
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Perbedaan Determinan Stunting Balita pada Dua Kabupaten dan Kota dengan Prevalensi Tinggi dan Rendah
Indonesia was ranked 59th in the human capital index (HCI) among 117 countries with the low middle income. Stunting child free percentage is one of the HCI’s measurement indicator. The results of the 2022 Indonesian Nutritional Status Survey (SSGI) 2022 showed Banten Province was a high prevalence of stunting (20%). Banten determined as a priority province for accelerating stunting reduction in Indonesia. Selected research region were Pandeglang District as a high stunting prevalence (29,4%) and South Tangerang City as a low stunting prevalence (9%) based on the 2022 SSGI. This study aimed to analyze differences stunting determinants between South Tangerang City and Pandeglang District. This type of research utilized secondary data from the 2022 SSGI results. SSGI 2022 used a cross-sectional study design. The Subject were under five (0-59 months) with a total of 551 in South Tangerang city and 291 Pandeglang district with total number 842 under five. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 application. Binary Logistic Regression with 5% significancy and 95% confident interval was used for the data analyzation. Stunting determinants in Pandeglang district were lived in rural (OR= 2,251), low birth length (OR= 2,559), and diarrhea (OR= 3,157). Poor sanitation (OR= 31,328) was stunting determinant in South Tangerang city. Stunting reduction interventions in Pandeglang District are needed comprehensively at both individual and household levels, while in South Tangerang City at the household level.
Korelasi Emotional Eating, Penggunaan Media Sosial, dan Konsumsi Junk Food dengan Kegemukan pada Mahasiswa
Overweight and obesity have emerged as global health issues, including in young adults such as university students. These conditions are caused by the excessive build-up of adipose tissue, leading to body weight above the normal range. A BMI over 25 kg/m² indicates this state. Factors influencing overweight and obesity among university students include emotional eating habits, time spent on social media, and junk food intake frequency. This study aims to examine risk factors associated with overweight and obesity among students at Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (UPI). A cross-sectional method with proportional sampling across nine faculties was applied. The sample consisted of 46 UPI undergraduate students, selected using the Lemeshow formula with a 10% error margin. Chi-Square was used for bivariate analysis. The findings revealed a significant relationship between emotional eating (p=0.037) and overweight and obesity. Meanwhile, no significant association was observed for social media duration (p=0.861) or junk food consumption frequency (p=0.732) with overweight and obesity.
Penyuluhan Gizi melalui Video terhadap Pengetahuan dan Sikap Remaja SMA/MA di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Selong
Lack of nutritional knowledge in adolescents is one of the indirect causes of malnutrition. Efforts to prevent this malnutrition can by providing nutrition counseling with media that can attract adolescents to learn about it, such as video media. This study is a quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent control group pretest posttest design. The total population in this study is 1172 students from 10 high schools in Selong Village. The sample was calculated using the Notoatmodjo 2005 formula, the results of 322 students were divided into 2 groups, namely 163 students in the intervention group and 159 students in the control group. The data obtained were analyzed using the Wilcoxon and Mann Whitney tests. The results of knowledge and attitude increased after being given video media by 49% and 28% respectively. This result is proven through using a parametric test (Independent T-test) obtained a value of p-value=0.000 (p<0.05) it’s mean there is a significant influence. There is an increase in adolescents' knowledge and attitudes regarding balanced nutrition in adolescents after being given nutrition counseling with video media. However, there is no difference between counseling through video and leaflets.
Analisis Pendapatan, Kemiskinan, Ketimpangan, dan Asupan Gizi Masyarakat di Sekitar Kampus IPB Dramaga
Nutrition problem is one of many problems that become a serious concern in developing countries. In 2024, cases of stunting in Indonesia are around 19,8% with cases of stunting in Bogor City is around 18.7% and in Bogor Regency is around 27.4% (Kemenkes 2025). To meet the targeted stunting reduction of 14.2% in the year 2029, we need to assess the factors that play a role in influencing the household nutrition intake. One of the factors that affects the nutritional intake of individuals or families is economic conditions. This study aims to analyze the energy and protein intake of communities around the IPB Dramaga Campus and its relationship with poverty levels, inequality, and real income in 2024. The study uses secondary data consisting of the adequacy of energy intake, protein intake, and income. The analysis includes poverty levels based on the Foster-Greer-Thorbecke (FGT) index, the Gini Ratio, and the correlation between income and the adequacy of energy and protein intake. The poverty lines used are those from BPS (Statistics Indonesia), Sajogyo, the World Bank, and the Gold Standard. The results show a comparison of poverty percentages, poverty depth, and poverty severity as follows: P0=0.15;0.5;0.48;0.86; P1=0.04;0.01;0.15;0.56; P2=0.02;0.01;0.07;0.39. In addition, the Gini Ratio is 0.57, indicating a high level of inequality. There is a very weak correlation between income and the adequacy of energy intake (r=-0.19;p=0.05) and protein intake (r=-0.09;p=0.36), suggesting that economic conditions are not the main factor influencing the nutritional intake of communities around the IPB Dramaga Campus.
Uji Organoleptik dan Analisis Zat Gizi Brownies Buah Merah (Pandanus conoideus Lam.) sebagai Kudapan Tinggi Antioksidan
Brownies are a widely favored type of cake often consumed as a supplementary snack. This study aims to develop brownies incorporating red fruit (Pandanus conoideus Lam.), known for its high antioxidant properties. An experimental methodology with completely randomized design was employed, utilizing three distinct formulations (F1:25%, F2:50%, and F3:75% red fruit juice). An organoleptic assessment was conducted, evaluating color, aroma, taste, and texture, with the participation of 25 panelists. The findings indicated that the F2 formulation (50% red fruit juice) received the highest preference, achieving superior average scores in color (3.84), taste (4.32), aroma (4.16), and texture (4.16). Nutritional analysis demonstrated that F2 contained 265.14 kcal of energy, 8.94 g of protein, 9.38 g of fat, and 35.20 g of carbohydrates. In conclusion, red fruit brownies present a viable alternative as a healthy snack, offering beneficial antioxidant properties.
Pengembangan Abon Ikan Kembung dan Kerang Hijau sebagai Alternatif Lauk Tinggi Protein dan Zat Besi
Green mussel is a food ingredient rich in nutrients and widely known by the general public due to its affordable price and easy accessibility. Mackerel fish floss with the substitution of green mussel is one alternative dish that can help improve the provision of protein and iron for women of reproductive age. This research aims to develop and analyze the nutritional content of the floss product based on mussels. The study used three different formulations with varying ratios of mackerel fish and green mussel: F0(100:0), F1(80:20), and F2(60:40). Based on organoleptic tests, physical characteristics, and nutritional content analysis, F2 was determined as the selected formula. The selected formulation of the floss contains 8.93% moisture content, 6.04% ash content, 34.91% protein, 27.85% fat, 22.27% carbohydrates, and 8.17 mg of iron. A serving size of the mackerel fish floss with green mussel substitution, equivalent to 1 tablespoon, contributes 72 kcal (3.2-3,5%) of daily energy for woman of reproductive age. The selected formulation of mackerel fish and green mussels floss meets the criteria to claim it as a high-protein and iron product.
Pengaruh Jus Buah Ciplukan (Physalis angulata L) terhadap Kadar Lipid Pasien Hipertensi: Efek pada Kolesterol Total dan Trigliserida
Hypertension is often accompanied by dyslipidemia, characterized by increased total cholesterol and triglycerides. Bioactive compounds in cutleaf groundcherry fruit, such as quercetin and flavonoids, are known to have hypolipidemic effects. This study aimed to assess the effect of cutleaf groundcherry juice on the lipid profile of hypertensive patients. A quasi-experimental pre-posttest design with controls was conducted on hypertensive patients at the Gambirsari Community Health Center. The control group received amlodipine and nutrition education, while the intervention group received an additional 250 mL of cutleaf groundcherry juice per day for 30 days. Total cholesterol (CHOD-PAP) and triglyceride (GPO-PAP) levels were measured before and after the intervention. Statistical analysis used the t-test, Wilcoxon test, and Mann-Whitney test. The results showed a significant decrease in total cholesterol in both groups, but triglycerides decreased significantly only in the intervention group. The average decrease was greater in the cutleaf groundcherry fruit juice group than in the control group, although it did not reach normal levels. This study showed that although total cholesterol and triglyceride levels decreased after the intervention, there was no significant difference between the group consuming cutleaf groundcherry fruit juice and the control group. ∆p value for total cholesterol levels (p=0.482) and for ∆p triglyceride levels (p=0.383).
Laporan Kasus: Proses Asuhan Gizi Terstandar pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 dengan Riwayat Hipoglikemi Terkoreksi dan Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) di RSUD Cibinong
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) encompasses a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia. Uncontrolled DM can lead to chronic hyperglycemia, imposing an increased glucose burden on the kidneys. This persistent burden may impair renal function, as evidenced by elevated urea and creatinine levels. Elevated urea levels can result in uremic syndrome, manifesting as acid-base imbalance, thereby increasing gastric acid production and inducing nausea, which subsequently reduces appetite, decreases dietary intake, and may ultimately trigger hypoglycemia. This case report aims to implement and analyze the standardized nutritional care process (NCP) and to highlight interprofessional collaboration in the medical treatment of a hospitalized DM patient at Cibinong Regional Hospital. This report presents the case of a 54-year-old female patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with corrected hypoglycemia, chronic kidney disease (CKD) with a differential diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI), and normal nutritional status. The patient was admitted to the emergency room (ER) due to loss of consciousness. Biochemical examination revealed hypoglycemia, elevated urea and creatinine levels, and low hemoglobin. The nutritional diagnoses established were NI.21 Inadequate oral intake, NC.2.2 Altered nutrition-related laboratory values, and NB 1.6 Limited adherence to nutrition-related recommendations. Nutritional therapy was implemented through interprofessional collaboration. Dietary management was adjusted to the patient’s condition, considering nutritional requirements based on nutritional status, activity level, stress factors, and age. The prescribed diet consisted of a soft-consistency, low-protein diabetic diet administered orally. During the three-day intervention, nutrient intake improved, with an average adequacy of 72.33% for energy, 74.67% for protein, 75.67% for fat, and 67% for carbohydrates. The diet provided is a low-protein diabetes mellitus diet with a soft consistency, administered orally. In conclusion, the application of the standardized nutrition care process, supported by interprofessional collaboration, plays a crucial role in optimizing patient outcomes, preventing malnutrition, and maintaining glycemic control.
Efektivitas Minuman Kelapa untuk Mempercepat Rehidrasi dan Pemulihan Pasca Latihan pada Atlet Futsal Remaja Putra
This study aimed to analyze the effect of coconut drink on rehydration status and post-exercise recovery in male adolescent futsal athletes. The coconut drink is made by blending coconut flesh and water using a blender. The coconut variety used is dwarf coconut with the fruit being 6 to 8 months old. The coconut drink was given to male adolescent futsal athletes after a training session to determine its effectiveness in restoring their hydration and energy status. This study used a cross-over design and involved 22 subjects. The subjects were male adolescent futsal athletes aged 16-18 years. A total of 22 subjects were then divided into two groups of 11 subjects. Each group was given a different drink in the third week. The drinks used in this study consisted of coconut drink and bottled mineral water. A washout period was given in the second week to neutralize the effects of the administration received during the first week. Measurement of hydration status used body weight before and after training. Rehydration status was obtained by measuring weight gain after being given coconut drink. Energy recovery was measured by maximum push-up power ability and sprint speed ability over a distance of 35 m. Blood pressure and heart rate were recorded before and after exercise and after being given coconut drink to determine the benefits of coconut drink in restoring the body's condition after exercise to normal. The assessment of the sensation of the drink after consumption after exercise consisted of thirst, bloating, nausea, feeling of being unwell, and fatigue. The results showed no significant difference between coconut drink (p=0.15) and bottled mineral water (p=0.35) in improving the hydration status of athletes. However, coconut drink was better at restoring blood pressure, heart rate, and energy recovery (p>0.05). Coconut drink had a better effect on the perception of drink sensation than bottled mineral water (p>0.05).
Jus Buah Naga-Semangka Meningkatkan VO2max, Pemulihan Denyut Nadi, dan Menurunkan Jumlah Leukosit pada Atlet Sepakbola
Heavy training and less than optimal nutrient intake can cause physical stress on the body of football athletes, increasing the risk of injury and health problems. The nutritional content of red watermelon and red dragon fruit such as electrolytes, citrulline, and antioxidants are believed to have an ergogenic effect in helping to increase muscle endurance, and recovery processes and prevent oxidative stress in athletes. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of a combination of red watermelon and red dragon fruit on VO2max, leukocyte count, and pulse recovery of football athletes. This study used a quasi-experimental method with a non-randomized design and a control group pretest-posttest. The study population was 20 football athletes of Tadulako State Sports High School with the type of intervention in the form of giving segam juice for 14 days. The VO2max data collection technique used the beep test method, the leukocyte count used a hematology analyzer and the recovery pulse rate used a digital tensiometer with three measurement times, namely the 1st minute, the 3rd minute, and the 5th minute. Data analysis using a difference test with the help of SPSS. The results showed that there was a significant difference in VO2max values ​​between groups with an increase experienced by the SG group subjects (p-value=0.002). The number of leukocytes in both groups decreased after the intervention was carried out, but there was no significant difference between groups (p-value= 0.878). The SG group experienced a consistent decrease in pulse rate at all three measurement times with significant differences between groups at 1st minute (p-value=0.017) and 5th minute (p-value=0.007). Segam juice has an effect on increasing VO2max values ​​and pulse recovery of football athletes but does not affect the number of leukocytes after maximum physical activity.
Kontribusi Konsumsi Pangan Hewani terhadap Prevalensi Stunting Anak 0-59 Bulan di Pulau Jawa dan Bali
Stunting in children under five is still a public health problem in Indonesia, including in Java and Bali Islands. One important factor that can influence the incidence of stunting is animal food consumption, which plays a role in fulfilling essential nutrients for growth. This study aimed to analyze the contribution of consumption of various types of animal food to the prevalence of stunting in children aged 0-59 months in Java and Bali Island. The study used an ecological design with secondary data from 122 districts/cities in six provinces in Java and Bali Islands (Banten, West Java, Central Java, DI Yogyakarta, East Java, and Bali). Data on stunting prevalence and animal food consumption in 2021 were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The average prevalence of stunting in the study areas was lower than the national average, but still categorized as a public health problem. Animal protein consumption has exceeded 100% of the Protein Adequacy Level in all provinces, with fish consumption being the highest. Regression results show that poultry meat consumption significantly contributes to reducing stunting prevalence (β=-0.346;p≤0.05), while fish consumption is positively associated with increasing stunting (β=0.168;p≤0.05). This is thought to be because fish consumption is dominated by processed or preserved fish products that have low nutritional quality.
Efek Penghambatan α-Glukosidase dari Ekstrak Kulit Buah Jengkol (Archidendron pauciflorum) untuk Diabetes Tipe II
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels. There is significant interest in developing alternative treatments for type 2 diabetes mellitus, particularly through the identification of phytochemicals capable of inhibiting glucose absorption. The inhibition of intestinal alpha-glucosidase can delay the digestion of starch and sucrose. Jengkol fruit peel decoction is traditionally believed to regulate blood glucose levels. This experimental study aimed to provide in vitro evidence for the potential inhibition of α-glucosidase, achieving a 50% reduction in α-glucosidase activity. The ethanol extract of jengkol fruit peel was obtained through the maceration of plant powder using 96% ethanol. The inhibition assay involved reactions with extracts compared to Acarbose. The concentration of extract used for the kinetics test was that which could inhibit the enzyme by 50%. Absorbance was measured using an ELISA reader. IC50 values were derived from the linear regression of absorbance against extract concentration. The results indicated that jengkol fruit peel extract can inhibit α-glucosidase activity, with an IC50 of 94.038 µg/ml, whereas the IC50 of the standard (glukobay) is 0.757 µg/ml. This study suggests that the extract of Archidendron pauciflorum holds promise as an antidiabetic agent, particularly for the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus.
Asupan Energi, Kebiasaan Olahraga dan Status Gizi pada Remaja di Inderalaya
The adolescent growth stage is a phase in human life that requires serious attention. This is because there are many changes during adolescence, starting from physical, social and emotional. Sufficient energy intake and regular exercise habits are the keys to good change. However, this is often overlooked by adolescents. Inderalaya is a sub-district located not far from the provincial capital. The influence of modernization has made adolescents living in the area feel the impact, both in terms of diet and physical activity. This study aims to determine the relationship between energy intake, exercise habits and nutritional status in adolescents in Inderalaya. This study is descriptive analytical with a cross-sectional design. The number of subjects involved was 110 people. The location of the study was at SMP Negeri 1 Inderalaya. The data that had been collected was processed using SPSS statistical software vers.25 and analyzed using the Spearman correlation test. The results showed that the age of the subjects was in the range of 12 to 15 years. Subjects with male gender (51.8%) were selected slightly more than subjects with female gender (48.2%). The subjects' energy intake was mostly deficit, while the subjects' exercise habits were less active. Although the subjects' nutritional status was dominated by normal nutritional status (51.8%), the proportion of overnutrition also had a fairly high percentage (45.5%). The results of the bivariate analysis showed that there was no relationship between energy intake, exercise habits and nutritional status (p>0.05). It is necessary to involve other variables in the future to see the determinants of nutritional status in adolescents. The suggestion of this study, although no significant relationship was found, subjects still need to take the time to exercise and consume nutritious food to avoid nutritional deficiencies.
Efektivitas Pop-up Book Aplikatif sebagai Media Edukasi tentang Hipertensi pada Siswa SMP Islam Al-Mustarih Kota Bogor
Hypertension is a leading cause of mortality worldwide and remains highly prevalent in Indonesia, including among younger populations. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and acceptance of an interactive educational pop-up book in improving junior high school students’ nutritional knowledge and behaviors as a preventive measure against hypertension. A quasi-experimental one-group pre-test and post-test design was employed, involving 64 students from SMP Islam Al-Mustarih in Bogor City. The intervention included a lecture and the use of a pop-up book. The Wilcoxon test showed a significant increase in nutritional knowledge after the intervention (p<0.001), with an n-gain percent of 67% categorized as moderately effective in increasing subject’s knowledge. Furthermore, the media was well received, with 92.2% of participants expressing positive responses. In conclusion, the pop-up book proved to be both effective and well-accepted for delivering nutritional education to support hypertension prevention in adolescents.
Peran Asupan, Status Gizi dan Komposisi Tubuh terhadap Daya Tahan Otot Atlet Silat Remaja di Pusat Pelatihan Olahraga Pelajar (PPOP) DKI Jakarta
Physical fitness needs to be possessed by every athlete according to their sport to improve their performance. Muscular endurance is one of the components that support physical fitness. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between energy and protein intake, nutritional status, hydration status, body fat percentage, and muscle mass to the muscular endurance of competing category pencak silat athletes at the DKI Jakarta Student Sports Training Center. This study used a cross-sectional research model design with a sample size of 12 people. The sample was taken using the total sampling technique. The statistical analysis used to see the relationship between variables was the Pearson test and the Spearman rank test. The results showed that there was no relationship between energy intake (p=0.113) and protein (p=0.310), nutritional status (p=0.736), hydration status (p=0.232), body fat percentage (p=0.153) and muscle mass (p=0.095) to the muscular endurance of competing category pencak silat athletes at the DKI Jakarta Student Sports Training Center. The results showed that there was no significant relationship between energy and protein intake, nutritional status, hydration status, body fat percentage, and muscle mass on the muscular endurance of sparring category martial arts athletes. Nevertheless, efforts to increase muscle endurance still need to be done through the fulfillment of appropriate nutritional intake, monitoring body composition, consistent training, and maintaining good hydration.
Evaluasi Sensori dan Gizi Es Krim Berbasis Pisang Kepok–Porang sebagai Camilan Penderita Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus is a condition where blood sugar levels become high due to insulin deficiency or resistance. One effort to control blood sugar levels is to eat foods low in sugar and carbohydrates. Ice cream with low sugar ingredients and a low glycemic index such as kapok banana flour, porang flour and soy milk can be an alternative product that is suitable for consumption by diabetes sufferers. This research objective was to analyze the sensory quality characteristics and nutritional content of ice products based on kapok banana flour and porang flour. This research uses an experimental study design with an experimental plan, namely a Completely Randomized Design. This research was carried out in three stages, namely the formulation process, organoleptic and proximate tests, sugar and fiber content. This research used 35 semi-trained panelists, namely students from the Bachelor of Nutrition Study Program, FKK UMJ. Research was conducted at the Sensory Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Universitas Muhammadiyah, Jakarta. Statistical tests use the Kruskal Wallis test and further tests use Mann Whitney. The research results show that based on the hedonic quality test, there are real differences in color, aroma, taste, texture in the characteristics of ice cream. Meanwhile, based on the results of the hedonic test, there were real differences in the taste and texture of the ice cream. The best formula was chosen using the exponential comparison method (MPE), namely F2. Based on the results of nutritional content tests, it shows that ice cream products have an energy content of 98 kcal per 100 g. The total sugar content is 2.49% and dietary fiber 3.32%. The carbohydrate, protein, fat and total sugar content in the selected formula does not yet meet SNI Ice Cream 01-3713-1995 and the nutritional content requirements of PKMK for diabetics. Meanwhile, the dietary fiber component is above the PKMK nutritional content requirements for people with diabetes.
Keterlibatan Ayah dalam Meningkatkan Gizi Anak: Tinjauan Sistematis
Child nutrition remains a persistent challenge in many developing countries, including Indonesia. Although evidence shows that fathers significantly influence child health and development, their role in child nutrition is often underestimated. This systematic review aimed to understand the various forms of father involvement in child nutrition, both directly and indirectly. Following PRISMA guidelines, articles were systematically searched from PubMed and Scopus databases. The PICO framework was used to guide study selection, focusing on fathers who actively participated in child feeding versus those who did not, and measuring outcomes related to children’s dietary intake and quality. Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria, encompassing diverse regions such as Africa, Australia, the United States, and Europe. Forms of father involvement identified included helping with complementary feeding, participating in food decisions, offering emotional support, and modeling healthy eating at home. The findings consistently showed that active father participation had a positive impact on children’s nutrition, especially in promoting consumption of nutrient-dense foods like fruits, vegetables, and proteins. However, cultural norms, limited nutritional knowledge, and systemic barriers often restricted father engagement. Supportive factors included nutrition education, family-based interventions, and the use of technology to reach fathers more effectively. This review underscores the importance of including fathers in child nutrition interventions. Addressing cultural and structural barriers through inclusive policies and innovative strategies can enhance paternal involvement, ultimately improving family nutrition and child health outcomes.
Hubungan Body Image, Intensitas Penggunaan Media Sosial, Kualitas Diet, Aktivitas Fisik dan Status Gizi pada Remaja
Adolescence is a critical period characterized by significant biological changes and extensive exposure to ideal body standards on social media, which can influence body image and nutritional status. This study aims to analyze the correlation between social media usage intensity, body image, diet quality, physical activity, and nutritional status among adolescents at SMAN 1 Bogor. A cross-sectional design was employed with 87 students selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through direct measurements, structured interviews, and questionnaires. Body image perception data were measured using the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ), social media use intensity was measured using the Social Media Use Intensity Scale (SIPMS), diet quality was measured using the Diet Quality Index for Adolescents (DQI-A), and physical activity was measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF). Meanwhile, nutritional status data were obtained through direct anthropometric measurements. The results showed that 53% of subjects were categorized as heavy social media users, 60% had a positive body image, 41% engaged in moderate physical activity, and 70% had good nutritional status. The average Diet Quality Index for Adolescents (DQI-A) score was 40.7%, indicating poor diet quality. Statistical analysis revealed a significant correlation between social media usage intensity and body image (p<0.05), as well as between body image and nutritional status (p<0.05). However, no significant correlation was found between body image and diet quality or physical activity, nor between physical activity and diet quality with nutritional status (p>0.05). These findings highlight the need for more comprehensive interventions to promote healthy behaviors and positive self-perception among adolescents.
Dampak Pendampingan Gizi Ibu terhadap Perubahan Pengetahuan Gizi dan Praktik Pemberian Makan Baduta
This study aims to evaluate the impact of maternal education on nutritional knowledge and feeding practices of children under two years old. This research consisted of 70 subjects using pre-experimental techniques with a one group pre-test & post-test design. The location of this research is Sukadamai Village, Dramaga District, Bogor Regency in January-March 2024. Mothers' knowledge, attitudes and practices before and after the intervention increased for the better. There were significant differences in protein nutrients (p=0.033) and iron (0.002) while for other nutrients (energy, fat, carbohydrates, calcium and vitamin A) there were no significant differences before and after the intervention (p>0.05). The nutritional status of children under two years old based on the WAZ, HAZ dan WHZ indices before and after the intervention was given was mostly in the normal category. There were no significant differences for all WAZ, HAZ and WHZ indices before and after the intervention (p>0.05).
Budaya Pantangan dan Pola Asuh Makan dengan Keragaman Pangan dan Status Gizi Balita di Suku Dayak
The growth and development of toddlers are greatly influenced by the quality of nutrition provided. An indicator that can be used to assess child growth and development is nutritional status. This study aims to analyze the relationship between food taboos and feeding parenting practices with dietary diversity and nutritional status of toddlers in the Dayak tribe of East Kalimantan Province. The research design used is a cross-sectional study. The study was conducted in December 2023 on 100 Dayak toddlers. The study has passed ethical review with the number 1098/IT3.KEPMSM-IPB/SK/2023. Data collection was carried out using three methods: interviews, questionnaires, and direct anthropometric measurements. The study showed that most subjects did not practice food taboos (80%). Nearly all subjects had appropriate feeding parenting practices (97%). Most subjects had a moderate level of dietary diversity (50%). The nutritional status of most subjects was normal, but there were still toddlers with underweight (18%), stunting (24%), and wasting (17%) statuses. Correlation tests showed a significant relationship between feeding parenting practices and dietary diversity (p=0.006). Additionally, a significant relationship was found between dietary diversity and the nutritional status of toddlers based on height-for-age (p=0.020). However, no significant relationship was found between food taboos and feeding parenting practices with dietary diversity and other nutritional status indicators were not mentioned.
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Hubungan Tingkat Stres, Emotional Eating, dan Pengetahuan Gizi dengan Konsumsi Makanan Cepat Saji Mahasiswa IPB
Fast food is food that contains high levels of calories, fat, salt, and sugar, but is low in protein and micronutrients. The increasing academic workload can make fast food, which is convenient, an attractive choice for students. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between stress levels, emotional eating, and nutritional knowledge with fast food consumption among nutrition and non-nutrition students at IPB. This cross-sectional study involved 30 nutrition students and 30 non-nutrition students. Data on subject characteristics, stress levels, emotional eating, nutritional knowledge, and frequency of fastfood consumption were obtained through questionnaires and interviews. Most subjects were at a moderate stress level, with 73.3% of nutrition students and 70.0% of non-nutrition students falling into this category. The majority of nutrition students were categorized as emotional eaters (66.7%), while most non-nutrition students were categorized as non-emotional eaters (56.7%). Most subjects had good nutritional knowledge, with 56.7% of nutrition students and 50.0% of non-nutrition students in this category. Nutrition students had a higher frequency of fastfood consumption (37.00±18.45) compared to non-nutrition students (34.60±17.92). There were significant differences between nutrition and non-nutrition students in terms of stress levels and nutritional knowledge. Correlation test results showed no significant correlation between stress levels and emotional eating, or between stress levels and nutritional knowledge with the frequency of fastfood consumption (p>0.05). However, a significant positive correlation was found between emotional eating and the frequency of fastfood consumption (p<0.05).
Pengembangan Biskuit dengan Penambahan Biji Rami Sebagai Finger Food Bagi Baduta dengan Defisiensi Omega-3
This study aims to develop a biscuit product with the addition of flax seeds as finger food for toddlers with Omega-3 deficiency. The study adopts an experimental design with a completely randomized approach, consisting of three formulas with varying ratios of shortening to ground flax seeds: F0 (100%:0%), F1 (93%:7%), and F2 (87%:13%). Organoleptic testing, proximate analysis, and fatty acid profile analysis were conducted to determine the optimal formula, resulting in F1 being selected. The selected biscuit formula contains 3.7% moisture, 1.36% ash, 31.17% fat, 5.13% protein, 59.14% carbohydrates, 0.64 g/100 g omega-3, and 23.64 g/100 g omega-6. One serving size, equivalent to 2 pieces (37.6 g), contributes 15% (203 kcal) of the Recommended Dietary Allowance for Energy for children aged 1-3 years.
Pengembangan Biskuit Substitusi Tepung Kulit Singkong dan Labu Kuning sebagai Camilan Tinggi Serat Penderita Diabetes Melitus
Diabetes mellitus is one of the diseases that causes complications and even death. It is estimated that the number of people with diabetes mellitus will increase every year. Efforts to prevent diabetes mellitus include consuming foods with high fibre and high beta-carotene. This can maintain blood sugar levels in people with diabetes mellitus. This study was conducted to obtain the best formula for biscuits made from cassava peel flour and pumpkin flour to maintain blood sugar levels in people with diabetes mellitus. The experimental research design used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The product was made with four levels of treatment consisting of F0 (standard formula), F1 (25% cassava peel flour), F2 (30% cassava peel flour), and F3 (35% cassava peel flour). The variables in this study were organoleptic tests and nutritional content. The organoleptic test involved 30 semi-trained panelists. Data analysis used the Kruskal Wallis and ANOVA tests followed by the Mann Whitney Test as a post-hoc test on data that showed significant differences. Based on the results of the organoleptic test, the formula most preferred by the panelists was F1 with the characteristics of a slightly bright colour, slightly fragrant aroma, slightly savoury taste and slightly crunchy texture. Based on the nutritional content test, the formula in F1 met the expected claims, namely the product has the potential to be a high-fibre and high-beta-carotene food with protein of 5.32%, fat 35.31%, carbohydrates 42.76%, fibre 4.26%, and beta-carotene 6303.47 mcg/100g. Therefore, the formula in F1 is the best formula that has high fibre and beta-carotene that can maintain blood sugar levels for people with diabetes mellitus.
Kontribusi Konsumsi Minyak Goreng Sawit Kemasan terhadap Asupan Vitamin A
Vitamin A deficiency can cause serious health problems ranging from visual impairment to blindness, as well as growth and immune system disorders. In addition to high-dose Vitamin A supplementation, efforts to fortify vitamin A in palm cooking oil have been initiated by the government as a mandatory fortification program since implementing the 2012 Indonesian National Standard (SNI) for Palm Cooking Oil for packaged palm oil. This study aims to determine the contribution of fortified packaged cooking oil consumption to the vitamin A intake adequacy of the Indonesian population. The results of calculations using the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) from the 2014 Individual Food Consumption Survey (SKMI) data showed that the proportion of vitamin A inadequacy in the Indonesian population was 59%, with the most significant proportion occurring in the group of pregnant women which almost reached 70%. The results of the data analysis showed that the average consumption of packaged palm cooking oil was only 14.99%. The remaining 85% was consumption of bulk palm cooking oil, which was generally consumed by low-income people who were very likely to be deficient in vitamin A due to the low quality of their diet. Oil fortification to overcome vitamin A deficiency without including bulk oil is less effective because it does not target the most vulnerable low-income groups. Therefore, regulations to require fortification of all palm cooking oil through mandatory packaging of palm cooking oil and following the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) provisions are very necessary.
Cream Soup Instan Substitusi Tepung Cangkang Udang dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Kadar Kalsium sebagai Selingan MP-ASI
Stunting is a condition of chronic malnutrition caused by inadequate nutritional intake over a long period of time due to the provision of food that does not meet nutritional needs. One way that can be done to prevent stunting is through food fortification. Food fortification that can be carried out includes the use of shrimp raw materials by using their shells. Shrimp shells are known to contain high levels of calcium which is good for the growth and development of children. The research aims to determine the sensory quality characteristics and nutritional content of instant cream soup products with the addition of shrimp shell flour. The experimental study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The design consisted of 4 treatments with the ratios F0 (100% wheat flour:0% shrimp shell flour), F1 (75% wheat flour:25% shrimp shell flour), F2 (50% wheat flour:50% shrimp shell flour), F3 (25% wheat flour:75% shrimp shell flour). Statistical tests were used to analyze the data, including the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test to assess the normality of the data and the Kruskal Wallis test to compare the treatments. The best formulation selected was F3 which has hedonic qualities, namely a slightly yellow color, a pleasant and not fragrant aroma, a slightly thick texture, and a slightly savory taste. The nutritional content of F3 instant cream soup includes water content 7.26%, ash 8.64%, protein 15.35%, fat 24.43%, carbohydrates 44.32% and calcium 54.39%.
Hubungan Mindful Eating dan Tingkat Stres dengan Status Gizi pada Siswa SMA Global Persada Mandiri School
Emotional eating is a coping strategy for stress management that can lead to excessive food intake, while mindful eating is a preventive measure. This study aims to analyze the correlation between mindful eating and stress levels with the nutritional status of Global Persada Mandiri (GPM) High School students. This research design used a cross-sectional design involving 113 GPM high school students. Subject characteristics, mindful eating, and stress levels were obtained through questionnaires and interviews. Anthropometry data were obtained by direct measurement. Most of the research subjects had low mindful eating practices (90.27%) and moderate stress level (83.19%). The nutritional status of research subjects was dominated by good nutrition (61.06%). The results of the Spearman Rank correlation test showed no significant correlation between the MEQ total score and MEQ domains, awareness, distraction, disinhibition, and external cues with nutritional status (p>0.05). There is a significant negative correlation between the MEQ domain, emotional response, and nutritional status (p<0.05). No significant correlation was found between stress levels and nutritional status (p>0.05). However, the correlation test results for energy intake and nutritional status showed a significant positive correlation (p<0.05).
Hubungan Kebiasaan Konsumsi Junk Food dan Faktor Lainnya dengan Kejadian Gizi Lebih pada Remaja di SMK Negeri 39 Jakarta
Adolescents are a vulnerable group to experience nutritional problems. One of the nutritional problems in adolescents is overweight and obesity, which is caused by excessive fat accumulation in the body, which is characterized by being overweight. The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between junk food consumption habits, exercise habits, and knowledge of balanced nutrition with the incidence of overnutrition among teenagers at SMK Negeri 39 Jakarta. This research uses quantitative methods with a cross sectional approach. The total sample was 55 respondents. The results of the research show that teenagers at SMK Negeri 39 Jakarta have a BMI/U in the range of more than 55.7%. Those who experienced overnutrition in the junk food consumption variable with the frequent category >3x/week were 57.1% (p-value=0.000). Furthermore, the exercise habit variable in the <3x/week category was 61.8% (p-value=0.000). The last variable is nutritional knowledge with a poor category (<80) as much as 52.9% (p-value=0.000). From the results of this study, it was concluded that nutritional status had a significant relationship with the variables of junk food consumption, exercise habits and nutritional knowledge.
Hubungan Asupan Protein, Asupan Kalsium dan Riwayat Penyakit Tuberkulosis dengan Kejadian Stunting pada Balita Usia 24-59 Bulan di Desa Pulau Bayur Kuantan Singingi
One factor that influences the incidence of stunting in children aged 24-59 months is food intake, because good quality food is the main part of the growth of children under five, which certainly contains complete sources of macronutrients and micronutrients, affecting child growth. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relations of protein, calcium intake and history of Tuberculosis with the incidence of stunting in children aged 24-59 months in Pulau Bayur Village, Cerenti Health Center working area, Kuantan Singingi District. This research is a quantitative analytical study that used a cross-sectional research design. This research was conducted in Pulau Bayur village in 2-12 March 2023 with a total subject of 50 mothers of children aged 24-59 months selected using total sampling technique. Nutritional intake data were obtained through 2x24-hour food recall interviews, Tuberculosis history data were obtained through interviews, and nutritional status data were obtained through height and weight measurements. The analysis used was univariate and bivariate with Chi Square test and Fisher's Exact Test. The univariate analysis results showed that 17 children (34%) were stunted, 15 children (30%) had low protein intake, 42 children (84%) had low calcium intake, and 5 children (10%) had a history of Tuberculosis disease. Bivariate analysis results showed the protein intake (p=0.000), calcium intake (p=0.039) and history of Tuberculosis disease (p=0.003) had association with the incidence of stunting. Parents are advised to provide foods high in calcium and high in protein and maintain the children’s health so that they have normal nutritional status.
Pendidikan Pola Hidup Sehat dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Kualitas Hidup Lansia Hipertensi
The aging process is a life cycle characterized by stages of decline in various organ functions in the body which are characterized by the vulnerability of the body to various disease attacks. One of the diseases that is often experienced by the elderly is hypertension. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of nutrition education on hypertension on the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of pre-elderly and elderly people. The method used is a quantitative descriptive method with instruments, namely pre-test and post-test questionnaires. Participants in this activity were 26 pre-elderly and elderly in the Gymnastics Mothers Community in the Girimande Complex RT 08 RW 04 Kec. Mandalajati Kel. Karang Pamulang, Cikadut, Bandung. Data analysis using IBM SPSS Statistics 21 with the wilcoxon test. The results of the Wilcoxon test for the pre-test and post-test scores on knowledge and attitudes of pre-elderly and elderly individuals regarding hypertension showed an increase of 96.2% and 69.2%, respectively. However, the pre-test and post-test scores for the behavior of pre-elderly and elderly individuals regarding hypertension showed no increase or decrease. It can be concluded that the results of community service show that knowledge about hypertension in pre-elderly and elderly people is generally quite good. However, there were differences in the attitude aspect, where the majority of respondents had a poor attitude before receiving nutrition education. This indicates that good knowledge is not necessarily followed by a positive attitude regarding hypertension.