Antioxidant Capacity and Pancreatic Lipase Inhibition of Basil Leaves, Tamarind Leaves, and Gelugur Fruits

Rizky Putra Kandi; Hasim Hasim; Didah Nur Faridah; Laksmi Ambarsari; Fitria Slameut; Diya Aghnia

doi:10.6066/jtip.2026.37.1.25

Authors

Rizky Putra Kandi Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
Hasim Hasim Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
Didah Nur Faridah Division of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
Laksmi Ambarsari Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
Fitria Slameut Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
Diya Aghnia Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.6066/jtip.2026.37.1.25

Keywords:

antioxidant, basil leaves, gelugur fruits, pancreatic lipase

Abstract

Obesity has become a reasonably high contributor to death in the world, with a prevalence showing a stable increase. The research aimed to determine total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant capacity, and pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity of some extracts from basil (Ocimum basilicum) leaves, tamarind (Tamarindus indica) leaves, and gelugur (Garcinia atroviridis) fruits. They have been reported able to show anti-obesity effects by inhibiting the activity of pancreatic lipase. The extracts were prepared by ultrasonication with 70% ethanol and tested for TPC, TFC, DPPH, and FRAP antioxidant capacity, as well as pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity. The results showed that tamarind extracts showed the highest TPC, and this was in line with DPPH and FRAP antioxidant capacity, i.e., 38.84 µmol TE/g dried weight (dw) and 741.43 µmol TE/g dw, respectively. Meanwhile, the pancreatic lipase inhibition activity of the samples was still lower than that of the positive control (orlistat), with tamarind leaf extracts having the highest activity(IC₅₀ 154.63 µg/mL). Furthermore, phenolic compounds have a strong correlation to pancreatic lipase enzyme inhibition activity. Based on the results, tamarind had the highest TPC, antioxidant capacity, and pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity compared to basil leaves and gelugur fruit extracts.

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