Potensi antioksidan dari teripang berunok (Paracaudina australis) Antioxidant potency of transparent sea cucumber (Paracaudina australis)
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Accepted
25 January 2024
Published
2 February 2024
Keywords:
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extraction, FRAP, IC50, methanol, yield
Abstract
Sea cucumbers contain active compounds with antioxidant potential. Transparent sea cucumbers, specifically the Paracaudina australis species, can be found in Indonesia.The factors that impact the extraction outcomes include the duration of extraction, the type of solvent utilized, and the quantity of samples extracted.
The objective of this research was to identify the ideal duration for extracting see-through sea cucumber in order to optimize yield parameters and antioxidant inhibitory activity.The process of extracting transparent sea cucumbers was conducted using methanol as a solvent at time intervals of 48, 72, and 96 hours. The analysis involved the examination of various parameters, including the percentage of berries, yield, phytochemical tests, and antioxidant activity using the Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) method, employing a completely randomized design, which involved a variety of extraction times. The study's findings indicated that the majority of body parts that were beveled were composed of 88% stomach contents and 12% skin and flesh. Transparent sea cucumber comprises various bioactive components, including flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, saponins, alkaloids, and phenolics, with an extraction time of 96 h, which resulted in the highest yield (7.90 %) and demonstrated the strongest antioxidant activity, with an IC50 value of 648.24 ppm. The antioxidant activity of transparent sea cucumber after various extraction times was categorized as very weak.
References
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Molyneux, P. (2004). The Use of Stable Free Radical Diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) for Estimating Antioxidant Activity. Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology, 26, 211-219.
Murniasih, T., Putra, M. Y., & Pangestuti, R. (2015). Antioxidant capasities of Holothuria sea cucumbers. Journal of Annales Bogorienses, 19(2), 21-26.
Nufus, C., Nurjanah, & Abdullah, A. (2017). Karakteristik rumput laut hijau dari Perairan Kepulauan Seribu dan Sekotong Nusa Tenggara Barat sebagai antioksidan. Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 20(3), 630-632. https://doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v20i3.19819
Nurlatifah, E. (2014). Analisis kapasitas antioksidan dan kandungan total fenol pada rempah dan bahan penyegar. [Skripsi]. Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Nisha, N., & Suja, S. (2018). Phytochemical evalution and antioxidant activity of methanol extract of Loligo duvauceli lnk. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 7(2), 1764-1767.
Ocsandy, V., Marwita, S., & Jumsurizal. (2019). Karakteristik asam lemak pada berunok (Paracaudina australis) di Perairan Kabupaten Karimun Kepulauan Riau. MARINADE, 2(1), 53-58.
Rafi, M., Widyastusti, N., Elly, S., & Darusman, L. K. (2012). Aktivitas antioksidan, kadar fenol dan flavonoid total dari enam tumbuhan obat indonesia. Jurnal Bahan Alam Indonesia, 8(1), 10-20.
Ridhani, M A., Vidyaningrum, I. P., Akmala, N.N., Fatihatunisa, R., Azzahro, S., & Aini, N., (2021). Potensi penambahan berbagai jenis gula terhadap sifat sensori dan fisikokimia roti manis: review. In Pasundan Food Technology Journal, 8(3), 1-8.
Salamah, E., Ayuningrat, E., & Purwaningsih, S. (2008). Penapisan awal komponen bioaktif dari kijing taiwan sebagai senyawa antioksidan. Buletin Teknologi Hasil Perikanan, 11(2), 119-132.
Sirohi, S. K., Goel, N., & Singh, N. (2014). Utilization of saponins, a plant secondary metabolite in enteric methane mitigation and rumen modulation. Annual Research & Review in Biology, 4 (1), 1-19.
Sukmiwati, M. (2012). Keanekaragaman teripang (Holothuroide : Enchinodermata) dan spesies yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan dari Perairan Natuna Kepulauan Riau. Jurnal Natur Indonesia, 14(1), 131-137.
Sukmiwati, M., Diharmi, A., Mora, E., & Susanti, E. (2018). Aktivitas antimikroba teripang kasur (Stichopus vastus Sluiter) dari Perairan Natuna Kepulauan Riau. Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 21(2), 328-335. https://doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v21i2.23088
Tanaya, V., Retnowati, R., & Suratmo. (2015). Fraksi semi polar dari daun mangga kasturi (Mangifera casturi Konsterm). Kimia Student Journal, 1(1), 778-784.
Vijayalakshmi, M., & Kandasamy, R. (2016). Ferric reducing anti-oxidant power assay in plant extract. Bangladesh Journal Pharmacology, 11, 570-572. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjp.v11i3.27663
Vinarova, L. Z., Vinarov, V., Atanasov, I., Pantcheva, S., Tcholakova, N., Denkova., & Stoyanov, S. (2015). Lowering of cholesterol bioaccessibility and serum concentrations by saponins: in vitro and in vivo studies. Food and Function Journal, 6(2), 501-512.
Wahyuni, D. T., & Widjanarko, S. B. (2015). Pengaruh jenis pelarut dan lama ekstraksi terhadap ekstrak karotenoid labu kuning dengan metode gelombang ultrasonik. Jurnal Pangan dan Agroindustri, 3(2), 390-401.
Zou, Z., Xi, W., Hu Y., Nie, C., & Zhou, Z. (2016). Antioxidant activity of citrus fruits. Food Chem, 19(6), 885-896.
Azima, F. (2004). Aktivitas antioksidan dan anti agregrasi platelet ekstrak cassiavera (Cinnamomum burmanni Nees ex Blume) serta potensinya dalam pencegahan aterosklerosis pada kelinci [Disertasi]. Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Chen, M. C. L., Shao, X. M., Fu, R. F., Xu, J. J., & Zheng. (2013). Bioactive indole alkaloids and phenyl ether derivatives from a marine-derived Aspergillus sp. fungus. Journal Natural Product, 7(6), 547-553.
Diachanty, S., Nurjanah, & Abdullah, A. (2017). Aktivitas antioksidan berbagai jenis rumput laut coklat dari Perairan Kepulauan Seribu. Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 20(2), 305-318. https://doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v20i2.18013
Gazali, M., Nurjanah, Ukhty, N., Nurdin, M., & Zuriat. (2020). Skrining senyawa bioaktif daun perepat (Sonneratia alba J.E. Smith) sebagai antioksidan asal pesisir Kuala Bubon Aceh Barat. Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 23(2), 402-411. https://doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v23i2.31684
Handayani, D., Mun’im A., & Ranti S. A. (2014). Optimation of green tea waste extraction using microwave assisted extraction to yield green tea extract. Traditional Medicine Journal, 19(1), 29-35.
Harbone, J. B. (1987). Metode fitokimia penuntun cara modern menganalis tumbuhan. Terjemahan oleh Kosasih Padmawinata dan Iwang Soediro. ITB.
Husni, A., Putra, R., & Lelana, Y. B. (2014). Aktivitas antioksidan Padina sp. pada berbagai suhu dan lama pengeringan. JPB Perikanan, 9(2), 165– 173.
Ince, A.E., S. Sahin dan G.S. Servet. 2013. Extraction of phenolic compounds from melissa using microwave and ultrasound. Turk Journal Agritech, 37, 69-75.
Kalija, T. A., Warsidah., & Prayitno, D. I. (2020). Komponen bioaktif dan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak kasar kerang ale-ale (Metetrix sp.). Jurnal Laut Khatulistiwa, 3(1), 10-13.
Karnila, R., Astawan, M., Wresdiyati, T., & Sukarno. (2011). Analisis kandungan nutrisi daging dan tepung teripang pasir (Holothuria scabra J) segar. Jurnal Berkala Perikanan Terubuk, 39(2), 51-60.
Karnila, R., & Haq, M. (2021 September 15-16). Nutritional characteristics of Berunok (Paracaudina australis) flour [Conference session]. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, Volume 934, The 10th International and National Seminar on Fisheries and Marine Science (ISFM X 2021) 15th-16th September 2021, Pekanbaru, Indonesia.
Kojic, A. B., Mirela, P., Srecko, T., Stela, K., Ibrahim, M., Mate B., & Darko V. (2011). Effect of extraction conditions on the extractability of phenolic compounds from lyophilised fig fruits (Ficus carcia L). Journal Food Nutrition Science, 61(3), 195-199.
Lantah, P. L., Lita, A. D. Y. M., & Albert. R. R. (2017). Kandungan fitokimia dan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak metanol rumput laut Kappaphycus Alvarezii. Jurnal Media Teknologi Hasil Perikanan, 5(3), 73-79.
Manteu, S. H., Nurjanah, Abdullah, A., Nurhayati, T, & Seulalae, A. V. (2021). Efektivitas karbon aktif dalam pembuatan garam rumput laut cokelat (Sargassum polycystum dan Padina minor). Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 24(3), 407-416. https://doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v24i3.26692
Mehdinezhad, N., Ghannadi, A., & Yegdaneh, A. (2016). Phytochemical and biologicalevaluation of some Sargassum species from Persian Gulf. Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 11(3), 243-249.
Molyneux, P. (2004). The Use of Stable Free Radical Diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) for Estimating Antioxidant Activity. Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology, 26, 211-219.
Murniasih, T., Putra, M. Y., & Pangestuti, R. (2015). Antioxidant capasities of Holothuria sea cucumbers. Journal of Annales Bogorienses, 19(2), 21-26.
Nufus, C., Nurjanah, & Abdullah, A. (2017). Karakteristik rumput laut hijau dari Perairan Kepulauan Seribu dan Sekotong Nusa Tenggara Barat sebagai antioksidan. Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 20(3), 630-632. https://doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v20i3.19819
Nurlatifah, E. (2014). Analisis kapasitas antioksidan dan kandungan total fenol pada rempah dan bahan penyegar. [Skripsi]. Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Nisha, N., & Suja, S. (2018). Phytochemical evalution and antioxidant activity of methanol extract of Loligo duvauceli lnk. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 7(2), 1764-1767.
Ocsandy, V., Marwita, S., & Jumsurizal. (2019). Karakteristik asam lemak pada berunok (Paracaudina australis) di Perairan Kabupaten Karimun Kepulauan Riau. MARINADE, 2(1), 53-58.
Rafi, M., Widyastusti, N., Elly, S., & Darusman, L. K. (2012). Aktivitas antioksidan, kadar fenol dan flavonoid total dari enam tumbuhan obat indonesia. Jurnal Bahan Alam Indonesia, 8(1), 10-20.
Ridhani, M A., Vidyaningrum, I. P., Akmala, N.N., Fatihatunisa, R., Azzahro, S., & Aini, N., (2021). Potensi penambahan berbagai jenis gula terhadap sifat sensori dan fisikokimia roti manis: review. In Pasundan Food Technology Journal, 8(3), 1-8.
Salamah, E., Ayuningrat, E., & Purwaningsih, S. (2008). Penapisan awal komponen bioaktif dari kijing taiwan sebagai senyawa antioksidan. Buletin Teknologi Hasil Perikanan, 11(2), 119-132.
Sirohi, S. K., Goel, N., & Singh, N. (2014). Utilization of saponins, a plant secondary metabolite in enteric methane mitigation and rumen modulation. Annual Research & Review in Biology, 4 (1), 1-19.
Sukmiwati, M. (2012). Keanekaragaman teripang (Holothuroide : Enchinodermata) dan spesies yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan dari Perairan Natuna Kepulauan Riau. Jurnal Natur Indonesia, 14(1), 131-137.
Sukmiwati, M., Diharmi, A., Mora, E., & Susanti, E. (2018). Aktivitas antimikroba teripang kasur (Stichopus vastus Sluiter) dari Perairan Natuna Kepulauan Riau. Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 21(2), 328-335. https://doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v21i2.23088
Tanaya, V., Retnowati, R., & Suratmo. (2015). Fraksi semi polar dari daun mangga kasturi (Mangifera casturi Konsterm). Kimia Student Journal, 1(1), 778-784.
Vijayalakshmi, M., & Kandasamy, R. (2016). Ferric reducing anti-oxidant power assay in plant extract. Bangladesh Journal Pharmacology, 11, 570-572. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjp.v11i3.27663
Vinarova, L. Z., Vinarov, V., Atanasov, I., Pantcheva, S., Tcholakova, N., Denkova., & Stoyanov, S. (2015). Lowering of cholesterol bioaccessibility and serum concentrations by saponins: in vitro and in vivo studies. Food and Function Journal, 6(2), 501-512.
Wahyuni, D. T., & Widjanarko, S. B. (2015). Pengaruh jenis pelarut dan lama ekstraksi terhadap ekstrak karotenoid labu kuning dengan metode gelombang ultrasonik. Jurnal Pangan dan Agroindustri, 3(2), 390-401.
Zou, Z., Xi, W., Hu Y., Nie, C., & Zhou, Z. (2016). Antioxidant activity of citrus fruits. Food Chem, 19(6), 885-896.
Authors
SukmiwatiM., KarnilaR., & PutriD. A. (2024). Potensi antioksidan dari teripang berunok (Paracaudina australis): Antioxidant potency of transparent sea cucumber (Paracaudina australis). Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 27(2), 124-131. https://doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v27i2.46969
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