The Physiochemical Condition of Mangrove Ecosystems in The Coastal District of Sulamo, Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Abstract
Various rehabilitation and restoration of mangrove forests have been done, but there have not been any significant results. The main reason for the various failures in this activity is that the effort is not based on scientific data such as the suitability of the physicochemical conditions of mangrove habitats along the beach coast of Sulamo District. The purpose of this research is to analyze the condition of salinity, the thickness of mud, and the beach slope of the selected mangrove locations Oeteta, Pariti, Beringin, and Pitai beaches. The salinity conditions show variations, ranging from 19 ppm to 42.33 ppm. The thickness of the mud shows the highest value at 79.11 cm and the slope of mangrove coastal 1–4%. This research shows that the condition of the mangrove ecosystem in the coastal district of Sulamo is still suitable for mangrove growth. This research provides a basic overview of mangrove ecosystem conditions located on the beach coast of the Sulamo district as the basis for planning rehabilitation programs and mangrove restorations in the research area.
References
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Zulfikhar, Zulkiflih, H., Kadir, S., & Iskandar, I. (2017). The landscape structure change of the tropical low forest and its possible effec on tree species diversity in South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 18, 916–927. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d180308
Anneboina, L. R., & Kumar, K. S. K. (2012). Economic analysis of mangrove and marine fishery linkages in India. Ecosystem Service, 24, 114–123.
Astiani, D. (2016). Tropical peatland tree-species diversity altered by forest degradation. Biodiversitas, 17, 102–109. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d170115
Baran, E. (1999). Review of quantified relationships between mangrove and coastal resources. Phuket Marine Biological Center Research Bulletin, 62, 57–64.
Basyuni, M., Gultom, K., Fitria, B. A., Susetya, I. E., Wati, R., Slamet, E., Balke, & Bunting, P. (2018). Diversity and habitat characteristics of macrozoobenthos in the mangrove forest of Lubuk Kertang Village, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 19, 311–317. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d190142
Dahuri, R. (2003). Keanekaragaman hayati laut: Aset pembangunan berkelanjutan Indonesia. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Davinsy, R., Kustanti, A., & Hilmanto, R. (2015). Study of mangrove forest management in the Pahawang Island Village Marga Punduh District Pesawaran Regency. Sylva Lestari, 3, 95–106.
Febryano, I. G., Suharjito, D., Darusman, D., Kusman, K., & Hidayat, A. (2014). The roles and sustainability of local institutions of mangrove management in Pahawang Island. Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika, 20, 69–76. https://doi.org/10.7226/jtfm.20.2.69.
Fusi, M., Bione, G. M., Suciu, N. A., Sacchi, A., Trevisan, M., Capri, E., … Cannicci, S. (2016). Ecological status and sources of anthropogenic contaminants in mangroves of the wouri river estuary (Cameroon). Marine Polution Bulettin, 109(2), 723–733. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.06.104
Husodo, T., Palabbi, S. D. G., Abdoellah, O. S., Nurzaman, M., Fitriani, N., & Partasasmita, R. (2017). Short communication: Seagrass diversity and carbon sequestration: Case study on Pari Island, Jakarta Bay, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 18(4), 1596–1601. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d180438
Hastuti, Y. P., Affandi, R., Safrina, M. D., & Faturrohman, K. (2015). Optimum salinity for growth of mangrove crab Scylla serrata seed in recirculation systems. Akua Kultur Indonesia, 14, 50–57. https://doi.org/10.19027/jai.14.50-57
Hastuti, E. D., & Budihastuti, E. (2016). Potential of mangrove seedlings for utilization in the maintenance of environmrntel quality within silvofishery ponds. Biotropia, 23, 58–63. https://doi.org/10.11598/btb.2016.23.1.606.
Kunarso, A., Tubagus, A. A., Syabana, Azwar, F., & Bastoni. (2015). Mangrove rehabilitation using silvofishery system in Telang Protection Forest, South Sumatra: Opportunities and challenges. Paper presented at The International Conference of Indonesia Forestry Researchers III. Bogor, 21 −22 October 2015.
Kusmana, C., Hidayat, T., Istomo, & Rusdiana, O. (2018). Growth performance of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza derived from cut-propagule seedling. Biodiversitas, 19, 208–214. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d190128
Lapolo, N., Utini, R., Wahyuni, D. K., & Baderan. (2018). Diversity and density of crabs in degraded mangrove area at Tanjung Panjang Nature Reserve in Gorontalo, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 19, 1154–1159. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d190128
Ludwig, J. A. & Reynold, J. F. (1988). Statistical ecology. New York: John Wilery & Sons.
Majid, I. (2016). Mangrove forest conservation in the beach coast of Ternate integrated city with school curriculum. Bioedukasi, 4(2), 488–496.
Manurung, J., Siregar, I. Z., Kusmana, C., & Dwiyanti, F. G. (2017). Genetic variation of the mangrove species Avicennia marina in heavy metal polluted estuaries of Cilegon Industrial Area, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 18, 1109–1115. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d180331
Matatula, J. (2010). The study of mangrove habitat quality based on at Kupang Gulf coastal area East Nusa Tenggara [thesis]. Yogyakarta: Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Matatula, J., Pathibang, M. R., & Aryani, N. K. A. D. (2017). Kualitas habitat mangrove di Pantai Tanah Merah Kabupaten Kupang. Paper presented at Seminar Nasional 2 Laborantorium Riset Terpadu Undana. (pp. 2432). Kupang, Indonesia.
Matatula, J., Pathibang, M. R., Aryani, N. K. A. D., & Ngaji, A. U. K. (2018). Mangrove forest habitat conditions in Tanah Merah coastal beach East Nusa Tenggara. Paper presented at International Conference on Climate Change, Biodiversity, Food Security and Local Knowledge. Artha Wacana Christian University. Kupang, 3–4 September 2018.
Matatula, J., Poedjirahajoe, E., Pudyatmoko, S., & Sadono, R. (2019). The spatial spread of mangrove forest environmental condition at Kupang seashore. Jurnal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, 9, 467–482. https://doi.org/10.29244/jpls.92467-482
Meng, X., Xa, P., Li, Z., & Meng, D. (2016). Mangrove degradation and response to anthropogenic disturbance in the Maowei Sea (SW China) since 1926 AD: Mangrove-derived OM and pollen. Organic Geochemistry, 98, 166–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.orggeochem.2016.06.001
Noor, Y.R., Khazali, M., & Suryadiputra, I.N.N. (1999). Panduan Pengenalan Mangrove di Indonesia. PHKA/WA-IP, Bogor.
Poedjirahajoe, E. (2006). Klasifikasi lahan potensial untuk rehabilitasi mangrove di pantai utara Jawa Tengah (Rehabilitasi mangrove menggunakan jenis Rhizopora mucronata) [dissertation]. Yogyakarta: Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Poedjirahajoe, E., Widyorini, R., & Mahayani, N. P. D. (2011). Kajian ekosistem mangrove hasil rehabilitasi pada berbagai tahun tanam untuk estimasi kandungan ekstrak tanin di pantai utara Jawa Tengah, Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan, 5(2), 111.
Purnobasuki, H., & Utami, E. S. W. (2016). Seed germination of Avicennia marina (Forsk.) vierh. by pericarp removal treatment. Biotropia, 23,74–83. https://doi.org/10. 11598/btb.2016.23.2.346
Retnowati, Y., Sembiring, L., Moeljopawiro, S., Djohan, T. S., & Soetarto, E. S. (2017). Diversity of antibiotic-producing actinomycetes in mangrove forest of Torosiaje, Gorontalo, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 18, 1453–1461. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d180322
Saparinto, C. (2007). Pendayagunaan ekosistem mangrove. Semarang: Effhar Offset.
Senoaji, G., Hidayat, F., Kehutanan, J., Bengkulu, U., Raya, J. & Limun, K. (2016). Peran ekosistem mangrove di pesisir Kota Bengkulu dalam mitigasi pemanasan global melalu penyimpanan karbon. Jurnal Manusia dan Lingkungan, 23, 327–333. https://doi.org/10.22146/jml.18806
Schaduw, J. N. W. (2018). Distribusi kualitas perairan ekosistem mangrove pulau kecil Taman Nasional Bunaken. Majalah Geografi Indonesia, 32, 40–49. https://doi.org/10.22146/mgi.32204
Siahaan, H. D. M. (2016). Ecological mangrove habitat in encroachment area of palm oil plantation in wildlife preserve area of Karang Gading Langkat Timur Laut, Nort Sumatra [thesis]. Yogyakarta: Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Sulistyorini, I. S., Poedjirahajoe, E., Faida, L. R. W., & Purwanto, R. H. (2018). Social capital in mangrove utilization for silvofishery: Case study in Kutai National Park, Indonesia. Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika, 20, 60–69. https://doi.org/10.7226/jtfm.24.2.60
Wiryanto, Sunarto, & Rahayu, S. M. (2017). Biodiversity of mangrove aquatic fauna in Purworejo, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 18, 1344–1352. https//doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d1180309
Zulfikhar, Zulkiflih, H., Kadir, S., & Iskandar, I. (2017). The landscape structure change of the tropical low forest and its possible effec on tree species diversity in South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 18, 916–927. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d180308
Authors
PoedjirahajoeE., & MatatulaJ. (2019). The Physiochemical Condition of Mangrove Ecosystems in The Coastal District of Sulamo, Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika, 25(3), 173. https://doi.org/10.7226/jtfm.25.3.173
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