Daya Saing Bawang Putih di Indonesia

Main Article Content

Bella Septiana
Nunung Kusnadi
Anna Fariyanti

Abstract

Demand for garlic in Indonesia tends to increase, but only a little (< 5 percent) of it was met by national production. This study aims to analyze the competitiveness of Indonesian garlic and identify its determinants. Data used on garlic farming was obtained from the Agricultural Census 2013-Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS), consisting of 121 sample farmers in West Nusa Tenggara province and 98 farmers in Central Java province. The Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) method was used to measure comparative and competitive advantages which were grouped according to the technical efficiency of production. Efficiency is estimated by the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. The results showed that garlic has a comparative and competitive advantage in only 55 percent of the total sample. The comparative and competitive advantages of garlic were significantly determined by the technical efficiency of production. Further analysis showed that the competitiveness of Indonesian garlic was sensitive to changes in productivity and output prices. Productivity is the most decisive factor in the competitiveness of Indonesian garlic. Government policies related to input prices and output prices caused farmers to pay lower input prices and accepted output prices higher than their social prices. From this study can be concluded that in general Indonesian garlic was not competitive being produced domestically. Garlic can be produced domestically as an import substitution if it is produced with high productivity and efficiency. It is recommended to improve the technical efficiency of production by utilizing the potential land and technology production optimally.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Article Details

How to Cite
SeptianaB., KusnadiN., & FariyantiA. (2022). Daya Saing Bawang Putih di Indonesia. Jurnal Agribisnis Indonesia (Journal of Indonesian Agribusiness), 10(1), 40-52. https://doi.org/10.29244/jai.2022.10.1.40-52
Section
Articles
Author Biography

Bella Septiana, Tanihub Indonesia

Jl. Mega Kuningan Barat, Setiabudi, South Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia

References

Aldila, H.F., Fariyanti, A., & Tinaprilla, N. (2015). Daya Saing Bawang Merah di Wilayah Sentra Produksi di Indonesia. Jurnal Manajemen dan Agribisnis, 14(1), 43-53. https://doi.org/10.17358/JMA.14.1.43.

Bowo, P.A., Nurayati, A., & Imleesh, R.M.M. (2016). Analysis of Competitiveness and Government Policy on Rice, Corn and Soybean Farming. Jejak (Journal of Economics and Policy), 9(2), 159-169. https://doi.org/10.15294/jejak.v9i2.8235.

Daryanto A. 2009. Posisi Daya Saing Pertanian Indonesia dan Upaya Peningkatannya. Jakarta: Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian.

Dipokusumo B. (2004). Studi Keunggulan Komparatif dan Kompetitif Komoditas Bawang Putih dan Dampak Kebijakan Pemerintah terhadap Pengembangannya di Kabupaten Lombok Timur. Angry Mansion, 5(1), 35-46.

Emelda, A., Asrul, L., & Mappigau, P. (2014). An Analysis of Competitiveness and Government Policies Impact on Development of Cocoa Farming in Indonesia. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development, 4(1), 30-35. https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.198379.

[FAO] Food and Agriculture Organization. 2019. Garlic-Crops (Production) http://www.fao.org.
[Kementan] Kementerian Pertanian. 2012. Peraturan Menteri Pertanian Republik Indonesia Nomor 60/OT.140/9/2012 tentang Rekomendasi Impor Produk Hortikultura (RIPH). Jakarta: Kementerian Pertanian.

Hariwibowo, P.A., Anindita, R., & Suhartini. (2015). The Evaluation of Indonesia Import Policies of Garlic. Greener Journal of Business and Management Studies, 5(1), 16-30. https://doi.org/10.15580/GJBMS.2015.1.081414329.

Haryanto, A.L.I., Masyhuri., & Irham. (2018a). Daya Saing dan Sensitivitas Usahatani Jagung di Kabupaten Pacitan. Kawistara, 8(3), 213-309. https://doi.org/10.22146/kawistara.38363.

Haryanto, L.I., Masyhuri., & Irham. (2018b). The Policy Analysis Matrix in Measuring Competitiveness of Maize Farming System in Marginal Areas. Agro Ekonomi, 29(2), 244-260. https://doi.org/10.22146/ae.35964.

Kiloes AM, Arsanti IW. 2014. Tantangan dan Harapan Bawang Putih Nasional. Tjeppy et al., penyunting. Jakarta: IAARD Press.

Lestari, R.D., Baga, L.M., & Nurmalina, R. (2017). Daya Saing Usaha Penggemukan Sapi Potong Peternakan Rakyat di Kabupaten Bojonegoro, Jawa Timur. Buletin Peternakan (Bulletin of Animal Science), 41(1), 101-112. https://doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v41i1.16906.

Maharani, N., Koestiono, D., & Dwiastuti, R. (2014). Analisis Keunggulan Komparatif Komoditas Jagung (Zea Mays L.) di Kabupaten Kediri. Agrise, 14(3), 167-181.

Ogbe, A.O., Okoruwa, V.O., & Saka, O.J. (2011). Competitiveness of Nigerian Rice and Maize Production Ecologies: A Policy Analysis Approach. Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems, 14(2), 493-500.

Pearson S, Gotsch C, Bahri S. 2005. Aplikasi Policy Analysis Matrix pada Pertanian Indonesia. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia.

[PUSDATIN] Pusat Data dan Sistem Informasi Pertanian. 2017. Outlook Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura 2017. Jakarta: Kementerian Pertanian.

Rachman, B. (2003). Evaluasi Kebijakan Sistem Distribusi dan Harga Pupuk di Tingkat Petani. Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian, 1(3), 221-237. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/akp.v1n3.2003.221-237.

Rachman HPS, Supriyati, Saptana, Rachman Benny. 2004. Prosiding Efisiensi dan Daya Saing Sistem Usahatani Beberapa Komoditas Pertanian di Lahan Sawah: Efisiensi dan Daya Saing Usahatani Hortikultura. Bogor: Puslitbang Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian.

Rahmawati, F., & Jamhari. (2018). Efisiensi Teknis Usaha Tani Bawang Putih Pola Tumpang Sari di Kabupaten Karanganyar, Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Jurnal Agro Ekonomi, 36(2), 135-147. https://doi.org/10.21082/jae.v36n2.2018.135-147.

Sari, B.J.W.P., & Prajanti, S.D.W. (2016). Competitive Advantage Analysis of Soybean Farming in Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan, 17(2), 143-151. https://doi.org/10.23917/jep.v17i2.1641.

Siregar, M., & Sumaryanto. (2003). Analisis Daya Saing Usahatani Kedelai di DAS Brantas. Jurnal Agro Ekonomi, 21(1), 50-71. https://doi.org/10.21082/jae.v21n1.2003.50-71.

Suhardedi, C., Darwanto, D.H., & Irham. (2017). Competitiveness Rice Farming in Sragen Regency. Agro Ekonomi, 28(1), 19-31. https://doi.org/10.22146/jae.24584.

Suharyani, A., Setiawan, B., & Mustadjab, M.M. (2014). Dampak Kebijakan Pemerintah terhadap Pengembangan Usahatani Bawang Merah di Kecamatan Bulakamba Kabupaten Brebes. Habitat, 25(1), 16-24.

Suriaatmaja, M.E., Muhaimin, A.W., & Anindita, R. (2014). Analisis Efisiensi Teknis Usahatani Bawang Putih (Studi Kasus di Desa Giripurno Kecamatan Bumiaji Kota Batu). Jurnal Agrise, 14(2), 75.

[UN Comtrade] United Nations Commodity Trade Statistics Database. 2019. Garlic/Fresh Chilled. https://comtrade.un.org.

Wahyudin, M., Maksum, M., & Yuliando, H. (2015). Dampak Kebijakan Pembatasan Impor Bawang Merah terhadap Usahatani Bawang Merah Di Kabupaten Probolinggo. Agritech, 35(3), 347-352. https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.9347.

Wicaksono, P., Anindita, R., & Maulidah, S. (2017). Analisis Daya Saing Komoditas Bawang Merah di Kabupaten Kediri. Jurnal Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis, 1(1), 62-68. https://doi:10.21776/ub.jepa.2017.001.01.7.

Zulkifli, M., Nuhfil, H.A.R., Muslich, M.M.M., & Syafrial. (2018). Analysis of Technical Efficiency and Competitiveness of Maize Farming in Gorontalo Province, Indonesia. RJOAS, 5(77), 309-319. https://doi.org/10.18551/rjoas.2018-05.37.