Penyerahan Naskah

Panduan Penulis

INTRODUCTION

Types of paper

Contributions falling into the following categories will be considered for publication: Research Article, Short Communication and Invited Review.

Research Article. Present an original and important major advance in bioscience having wide research scheme and deep discussion of the findings. Structure of the article consists of Introduction, Material and Methods, Results, Discussion, and References. This article should be typed within 15 pages or 3000-4500 words (including figures and tables).

Short Communication. Based on urgency, research scope and/or depth of discussion, an article can be published as a short communication. Structure of the article consists of Introduction, Material and Methods, Results, Discussion, and References. The short communication (maximum 1500 words) receives the same in-depth review as the Research Article.

Invited Review. A survey, evaluation and critical interpretation of recent research, data and concepts in the field of biological sciences. Invited review article is only submitted based on invitation by Editor-in-Chief.

Please ensure that you select the appropriate article type from the list of options when making your submission. Authors contributing to special issues should ensure that they select the special issue article type from this list.

Ethics in publishing 
For information on Ethics in publishing and Ethical guidelines for journal publication see
https://journal.ipb.ac.id/coj/publications-ethics

Conflict of interest 
All authors are requested to disclose any actual or potential conflict of interest including any financial, personal or other relationships with other people or organizations within three years of beginning the submitted work that could inappropriately influence, or be perceived to influence, their work. 

Submission declaration 
Submission of an article implies that the work described has not been published previously (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture or academic thesis or as an electronic preprint,  that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out, and that, if accepted, it will not be published elsewhere including electronically in the same form, in English or in any other language, without the written consent of the copyright-holder.

Changes to authorship 
This policy concerns the addition, deletion, or rearrangement of author names in the authorship of accepted manuscripts:
Before the accepted manuscript is published in an online issue: Requests to add or remove an author, or to rearrange the author names, must be sent to the Journal Manager from the corresponding author of the accepted manuscript and must include: (a) the reason the name should be added or removed, or the author names rearranged and (b) written confirmation (e-mail, fax, letter) from all authors that they agree with the addition, removal or rearrangement. In the case of addition or removal of authors, this includes confirmation from the author being added or removed. Requests that are not sent by the corresponding author will be forwarded by the Journal Manager to the corresponding author, who must follow the procedure as described above. Note that: (1) Journal Managers will inform the Journal Editors of any such requests and (2) publication of the accepted manuscript in an online issue is suspended until authorship has been agreed.
After the accepted manuscript is published in an online issue: Any requests to add, delete, or rearrange author names in an article published in an online issue will follow the same policies as noted above and result in a corrigendum.

COPYRIGHT 
Upon acceptance of an article, authors will be asked to complete a 'Journal Publishing Agreement. Acceptance of the agreement will ensure the widest possible dissemination of information. An e-mail will be sent to the corresponding author confirming receipt of the manuscript together with a 'Journal Publishing Agreement' form or a link to the online version of this agreement. Permission of the society is required for resale or distribution outside the institution and for all other derivative works, including compilations and translations (please consult us to our email address). If excerpts from other copyrighted works are included, the author(s) must obtain written permission from the copyright owners and credit the source(s) in the article.

ROLE OF THE FUNDING SOURCE 
You are requested to identify who provided financial support for the conduct of the research and/or preparation of the article and to briefly describe the role of the sponsor(s), if any, in study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the article for publication. If the funding source(s) had no such involvement then this should be stated.

Language (usage and editing services) 
Please write your text in good English (American or British usage is accepted, but not a mixture of these). Authors who feel their English language manuscript may require editing to eliminate possible grammatical or spelling errors and to conform to correct scientific English may wish to use the English Language Editing services.  

SUBMISSION 
Submission to this journal proceeds totally online. Use the following guidelines to prepare your article. Via the homepage of this journal https://journal.ipb.ac.id/coj/about/submissions you will be guided stepwise through the creation and uploading of the MS word files.  These source files are needed for further processing after acceptance. All correspondence, including notification of the Editor's decision and requests for revision, takes place by e-mail and via the author's homepage. If you are unable to provide an electronic version, please contact the editorial office prior to submission, e-mail: journal@pksplipb.or.id; whatsapp: +6281219996229 (Qonita Sinatrya)

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION 
Tables and figures may be presented with captions within the main body of the manuscript; if so, figures should additionally be uploaded as high resolution files.

Use of word processing software 
It is important that the file be saved in the native format of the word processor used. The text should be in single-column format. Keep the layout of the text as simple as possible. Most formatting codes will be removed and replaced on processing the article. In particular, do not use the word processor's options to justify text or to hyphenate words. However, do use bold face, italics, subscripts, superscripts etc. When preparing tables, if you are using a table grid, use only one grid for each individual table and not a grid for each row. If no grid is used, use tabs, not spaces, to align columns. The electronic text should be prepared in a way very similar to that of conventional manuscripts. Note that source files of figures, tables and text graphics will be required whether or not you embed your figures in the text. 
To avoid unnecessary errors you are strongly advised to use the 'spell-check' and 'grammar-check' functions of your word processor.

Article structure

Subdivision - numbered sections 
Divide your article into clearly defined and numbered sections. Subsections should be numbered 1.1 (then 1.1.1, 1.1.2, ...), 1.2, etc. (the abstract is not included in section numbering). Use this numbering also for internal cross-referencing: do not just refer to 'the text'. Any subsection may be given a brief heading. Each heading should appear on its own separate line.

INTRODUCTION 
State the objectives of the work and provide an adequate background, avoiding a detailed literature survey or a summary of the results.Give a description (local and scientific name) of the studied organism(s).

MATERIALS AND METHODS 
Provide sufficient detail to allow the work to be reproduced. Methods already published should be indicated by a reference: only relevant modifications should be described. Please describe whether the study is experimental or exploration. Name the number of samples and give courtesy to whom you obtain the sample. State seasonal variation of the habitat (if applicable) or date of sampling. Human materials should be collected in conformation to standard ethics and with written informed consent.

RESULTS 
Results and Discussion should be written separately. Results should be clear and concise. State the obtained results based on the methods. Do not present the same data in both table and graph format. Means should be accompanied by standard deviation.

DISCUSSION 
This should explore the significance of the results of the work, not repeat them. Discuss your data by comparing the current reported data with previous results, but avoid extensive citations and discussion of published literature. Highlight similarities, as well as differences, and the uniqueness of your findings. End the discussion by giving a conclusion and future research in that particular topic.

Appendices 
If there is more than one appendix, they should be identified as A, B, etc. Formulae and equations in appendices should be given separate numbering: Eq. (A.1), Eq. (A.2), etc.; in a subsequent appendix, Eq. (B.1) and so on. Similarly for tables and figures: Table A.1; Fig. A.1, etc.

Essential title page information

• Title. Concise and informative. Titles are often used in information-retrieval systems. Avoid abbreviations and formulae where possible.
• Author names and affiliations. Please clearly indicate the given name(s) and family name(s) of each author and check that all names are accurately spelled. Present the authors' affiliation addresses (where the actual work was done) below the names. Indicate all affiliations with a lower-case superscript letter immediately after the author's name and in front of the appropriate address. Provide the full postal address of each affiliation, including the country name and, if available, the e-mail address of each author.
• Corresponding author. Clearly indicate who will handle correspondence at all stages of refereeing and publication, also post-publication. Ensure that the e-mail address is given and that contact details are kept up to date by the corresponding author.
• Present/permanent address. If an author has moved since the work described in the article was done, or was visiting at the time, a 'Present address' (or 'Permanent address') may be indicated as a footnote to that author's name. The address at which the author actually did the work must be retained as the main, affiliation address. Superscript Arabic numerals are used for such footnotes.

ABSTRACT 
A concise and factual abstract is required. The abstract should state briefly the purpose of the research, the principal results and major conclusions. An abstract is often presented separately from the article, so it must be able to stand alone. For this reason, References should be avoided, but if essential, then cite the author(s) and year(s). Also, non-standard or uncommon abbreviations should be avoided, but if essential they must be defined at their first mention in the abstract itself.Abstract should commence with a clear introduction of two or three sentences mentioning background of research. Subsequently, state the general problem of the research, followed by results/main findings that directly answer the problem. Give one or two sentence(s) to discuss the finding(s) or prospective(s).

KEYWORDS 
Authors are invited to submit maximum 6 keywords associated with their paper.

Abbreviations 
Define abbreviations that are not standard in this field in a footnote to be placed on the first page of the article. Such abbreviations that are unavoidable in the abstract must be defined at their first mention there, as well as in the footnote. Ensure consistency of abbreviations throughout the article.

Acknowledgements 
Collate acknowledgements in a separate section at the end of the article before the references and do not, therefore, include them on the title page, as a footnote to the title or otherwise. List here those individuals who provided help during the research (e.g., providing language help, writing assistance or proof reading the article, etc.).

NOMENCLATURE AND UNITS 
Follow internationally accepted rules and conventions: use the international system of units (SI). If other quantities are mentioned, give their equivalent in SI. Authors wishing to present a table of nomenclature should do so on the second page of their manuscript.

MATH FORMULAE 
Please submit math equations as editable text and not as images. Present simple formulae in line with normal text where possible and use the solidus (/) instead of a horizontal line for small fractional terms, e.g., X/Y. In principle, variables are to be presented in italics. Powers of e are often more conveniently denoted by exp. Number consecutively any equations that have to be displayed separately from the text (if referred to explicitly in the text).

FOOTNOTES 
Footnotes should be used sparingly. Number them consecutively throughout the article. Many word processors can build footnotes into the text, and this feature may be used. Otherwise, please indicate the position of footnotes in the text and list the footnotes themselves separately at the end of the article. Do not include footnotes in the Reference list.Table footnotes: Indicate each footnote in a table with a superscript lowercase letter.

Artwork

Electronic artwork 
General points

• Make sure you use uniform lettering and sizing of your original artwork.
• Embed the used fonts if the application provides that option.
• Aim to use the following fonts in your illustrations: Arial, Courier, Times New Roman, Symbol, or use fonts that look similar.
• Number the illustrations according to their sequence in the text.
• Use a logical naming convention for your artwork files.
• Provide captions to illustrations separately.
• Size the illustrations close to the desired dimensions of the published version.
• Submit each illustration as a separate file.

Formats
If your electronic artwork is created in a Microsoft Office application (Word, PowerPoint, Excel) then please supply 'as is' in the native document format. 
Regardless of the application used other than Microsoft Office, when your electronic artwork is finalized, please 'Save as' or convert the images to one of the following formats (note the resolution requirements for line drawings, halftones, and line/halftone combinations given below): 
EPS (or PDF): Vector drawings, embed all used fonts. 
TIFF (or JPEG): Color or grayscale photographs (halftones), keep to a minimum of 300 dpi. 
TIFF (or JPEG): Bitmapped (pure black & white pixels) line drawings, keep to a minimum of 1000 dpi. 
TIFF (or JPEG): Combinations bitmapped line/half-tone (color or grayscale), keep to a minimum of 500 dpi.
Please do not: 

• Supply files that are optimized for screen use (e.g., GIF, BMP, PICT, WPG); these typically have a low number of pixels and limited set of colors;
• Supply files that are too low in resolution;
• Submit graphics that are disproportionately large for the content.

COLOR ARTWORK 
Please make sure that artwork files are in an acceptable format (TIFF, EPS or MS Office files) and with the correct resolution. If, together with your accepted article, you submit usable color figures then We will ensure, at no additional charge, that these figures will appear in color on the Web (e.g., ScienceDirect and other sites) regardless of whether or not these illustrations are reproduced in color in the printed version.

Figure captions 
Ensure that each illustration has a caption. Supply captions separately, not attached to the figure. A caption should comprise a brief title (not on the figure itself) and a description of the illustration. Keep text in the illustrations themselves to a minimum but explain all symbols and abbreviations used.

Tables 

Please submit tables as editable text and not as images. Tables can be placed either next to the relevant text in the article, or on separate page(s) at the end. Number tables consecutively in accordance with their appearance in the text and place any table notes below the table body. Be sparing in the use of tables and ensure that the data presented in them do not duplicate results described elsewhere in the article. Please avoid using vertical rules.

References

Citation in text 
Please ensure that every reference cited in the text is also present in the reference list (and vice versa). Any references cited in the abstract must be given in full. Unpublished results and personal communications are not recommended in the reference list, but may be mentioned in the text. If these references are included in the reference list they should follow the standard reference style of the journal and should include a substitution of the publication date with either 'Unpublished results' or 'Personal communication'. Citation of a reference as 'in press' implies that the item has been accepted for publication.

Web references 
As a minimum, the full URL should be given and the date when the reference was last accessed. Any further information, if known (DOI, author names, dates, reference to a source publication, etc.), should also be given. Web references can be listed separately (e.g., after the reference list) under a different heading if desired, or can be included in the reference list.

References in a special issue 
Please ensure that the words 'this issue' are added to any references in the list (and any citations in the text) to other articles in the same Special Issue.

REFERENCE MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE 
This journal has standard templates available in key reference management packages EndNote (http://www.endnote.com/support/enstyles.asp) and Reference Manager (http://refman.com/support/rmstyles.asp) or other reference manager software such as Medeley or Zotero. Using plug-ins to wordprocessing packages, authors only need to select the appropriate journal template when preparing their article and the list of references and citations to these will be formatted according to the journal style which is described below.

REFERENCE STYLE 

References must be numbered in order of appearance in the text (including citations in tables and legends) and listed individually at the end of the manuscript. We recommend preparing the references with a bibliography software package, such as EndNote, ReferenceManager or Zotero to avoid typing mistakes and duplicated references. Include the digital object identifier (DOI) for all references where available. -> Harvard Style.

Citations and references in the Supplementary Materials are permitted provided that they also appear in the reference list here.

References should be arranged first alphabetically and then further sorted chronologically if necessary. More than one reference from the same author(s) in the same year must be identified by the letters ‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’, etc., placed after the year of publication.

• Akmal, S.G., Yonvitner, Jerikho, R., Yulianda, F., Wardiatno, Y., Novák, J., Kalous, L., Slavík, O., Patoka, J., 2022. Culture, trade and establishment of Polypterus senegalus in Indonesia with first record of wild populations. Aquacult Environ Interact. 14, 127-133. https://doi.org/10.3354/aei00433
• Akmal, S.G., Yonvitner, Yulianda, F., Adrianto, L., Patoka, J., 2023. Potential spread of invasive crayfish used as lifebait by Indonesian anglers. Human Dimensions of Wildlife. 29(3), 319–331. https://doi.org/10.1080/10871209.2023.2234394
• Anon., 1979. College Bound Seniors. College Board Publications, Princeton, NJ.
• Assink, E.H.M., Verloop, N., 1977. Het aanleren van deel-geheel relaties (Teaching part-whole relations). Pedagogische Studiën 54, 130-142 (in Dutch). H1 Collaboration, 1997. Nucl. Phys. B 504, 3.
• Chaddock, T.E., 1974. Gastric emptying of a nutritionally balanced liquid diet. In: Daniel, E.E. (Ed.), Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Gastrointestinal Motility. ISGM4, 4-8 September 1973, Seattle, WA. Mitchell Press, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, pp. 83-92.
• Douglis, F., Ball, Th., 1996. Tracking and viewing changes on the web. In: Proc. 1996 USENIX Technical Conference. See the references in: Buchdahl, H.A., 1966. The Concepts of Classical Thermodynamics. First published by Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Also available electronically as The Concepts of Classical Thermodynamics (last updated 1999). This reference discusses the basic concepts in a very thorough manner. Its literature list is a main entry point into the discipline. Cancer Research UK, 1975. Cancer statistics reports for the UK.
• Glaser, R., Bond, L. (Eds.), 1981. Testing: Concepts and Research. American Psychologist 36 (10) (special issue).
• Letheridge, S., Cannon, C.R. (Eds.), 1980. Bilingual Education: Teaching English as a Second Language. Praeger, New York.
• Luria, A.R., 1969. The Mind of a Mnemonist (L. Solotarof, Trans.). Avon Books, New York (Original work published 1965).
• Paivio, A., Jansen, B., Becker, L.J., 1975. Comparisons through the mind's eye. Cognition 37 (2), 635-647.
• Sheen, J., 1999a. C4 gene expression. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 50, 187-217.
• Sluzki, C.E., Beavin, J., 1977. Symmetry and complementarity. In: Watzlawick, P., Weakland, J.H. (Eds.), The Interactional View. Norton, New York, pp. 71-87. Reprinted from: Acta Psiquiatrica y Psicologica de America Latin 11, 321-330
  Strunk Jr., W., White, E.B., 1979. The Elements of Style, third ed. MacMillan, New York (Chapter 4).
• VanDecar, J.C., Russo, R.M., James, D.E., Ambeh, W.B., Franke, M., 2003. Aseismic continuation of the Lesser Antilles slab beneath northeastern Venezuela. J. Geophys. Res. 108, 2043. doi: 10.1029/2001JB000884.
• Weikert, S., Freyer, D., Weih, M., Isaev, N., Busch, C., Schultze, J., et al., 1997. Rapid Ca"*.-dependent NO-production from central nervous system cells in culture measured by NO nitrite/ozone chemoluminescence. Brain Res. 748, 1-11.
• Wilson, J.G., Fraser, F.C. (Eds.), 1977-1978. Handbook of Teratology, vols. 1-4. Plenum Press, New York.
• Yasuda, N., Takagi, S.-i., Toriumi, A., 1997. Spectral shape analysis of infrared absorption of thermally grown silicon dioxide films. In: Hattori, T., Wada, K., Hiraki, A. (Eds.), Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on the Control of Semiconductor Interfaces, ISCSI-2, Karuizawa, Japan, October 28-November 1, 1997. Appl. Surf. Sci. 117-118 (June (11)), 216-220.
• Yu, F., Wu, X.-S., 1992. Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 2996. Available from: <hep-th/9112009>.
• Yuen, A.W.C., 1994. Lamotrigine: a review of antiepileptic efficacy. Epilepsia 35 (Suppl. 5), $33-536.

JOURNAL ABBREVIATIONS SOURCE 
Journal names should be abbreviated according to
Index Medicus journal abbreviations: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/tsd/serials/lji.html; 
List of title word abbreviations: http://www.issn.org/2-22661-LTWA-online.php; 
CAS (Chemical Abstracts Service): http://www.cas.org/sent.html.