The abundance and association of zooplankton and phytoplankton in silvofishery ponds of Maros, Indonesia

Abstract

This study examines plankton abundance, site characteristics, and plankton associations in silvofishery ponds at the Research Center for Brackish Water Aquaculture and Fisheries Extension in Maros Regency. The water quality and plankton samples were collected from December 2022 to January 2023. The study sites are located in rivers (1), polyculture ponds (2), mangrove reservoirs (3), bait ponds (4), pond canals (5), and fishery loading and unloading sites (6). Sampling locations were determined using the purposive sampling method. A randomized group design with ANOVA analysis was used to compare plankton abundance between locations and observation times. Site characterization was analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) and the associations between plankton genus and observation time were analyzed using correspondence analysis (CA). The results showed the highest total phytoplankton abundance in week 4 at site 1 (3124 ind/L). In the initial observation, the highest total zooplankton abundance was found at site 1 (508 ind/L). This study also showed that phytoplankton abundance was partially influenced by salinity and NO₃, while zooplankton abundance was not affected by all water quality variables. Based on PCA, sites 4 and 2 are characterized by water temperature, pH, and PO₄ parameters. Sites 1 and 6 are characterized by salinity, brightness, and NO₃ parameters. PO₄ poorly characterizes site 5. showed no deviations in any water quality parameters. Chaetoceros has the highest mass value in the line profile (0.279). The largest mass value of zooplankton (0.501) was from subclass Copepoda.

Keywords: correspondence analysis, plankton abundance, principal component analysis, silvofishery, water quality

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini mengkaji kelimpahan plankton, karakteristik lokasi dan asosiasi plankton pada tambak silvofishery di Balai Riset Perikanan Budidaya Air Payau dan Penyuluhan Perikanan Kabupaten Maros. Sampel kualitas air dan plankton dikumpulkan dari bulan Desember 2022 hingga Januari 2023. Lokasi penelitian terletak di sungai (1), kolam polikultur (2), waduk bakau (3), kolam umpan (4), kanal tambak (5), dan lokasi bongkar muat perikanan (6). Rancangan acak kelompok dengan analisis ANOVA digunakan untuk membandingkan kelimpahan plankton antara lokasi dan waktu pengamatan. Analisis karakterisasi situs dilakukan menggunakan principal component analysis (PCA) dan hubungan antara genus plankton dan waktu pengamatan dianalisis menggunakan correspondence analysis (CA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kelimpahan total fitoplankton tertinggi pada minggu ke-4 di lokasi 1 (3,124 individu/L). Pada pengamatan awal, kelimpahan total zooplankton tertinggi ditemukan di lokasi 1 (508 individu/L). Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa kelimpahan fitoplankton secara parsial dipengaruhi oleh salinitas dan NO₃, sedangkan kelimpahan zooplankton tidak dipengaruhi oleh semua variabel kualitas air. Berdasarkan principal component analysis (PCA), Lokasi 4 dan 2 dicirikan oleh parameter suhu air, pH, dan PO₄. Lokasi 1 dan 6 dicirikan oleh parameter salinitas, kecerahan, dan NO₃. Lokasi 5 dikarakterisasi secara lemah oleh PO₄. Lokasi 3 tidak ditandai oleh parameter kualitas air apa pun. Chaetoceros adalah fitoplankton dengan nilai massa tertinggi dalam profil garis (0,279). Nilai massa zooplankton terbesar (0,501) berasal dari subkelas Copepoda.

Kata kunci: analisis komponen utama, analisis korespondensi, kelimpahan plankton, kualitas air, silvofishery