Estimation of the Status of Small-Scale Fisheries Resources in Semarang City
Pendugaan Status Sumberdaya Perikanan Skala Kecil di Kota Semarang
Abstract
Fisheries in Semarang City are dominated by small-scale fisheries. This is indicated by the use of the largest fishing fleet of 10 gross tons operating near the coast. Fisheries statistics for 10 years (2010-2019) show that fishery catches have begun to decline, while the number of fishing units have increased. This indicates that fish stocks are starting to decrease and the level of utilization of fisheries resources leads to overfishing. This is supported by the results of direct observation in the field which showed that the number of catches tends to be small and the size of caught fish tends to be small. This study aims to analyze the status of small-scale fisheries in Semarang City. The method used in this study is the analysis of time series surplus production, namely data from the catch (ton/year) and the number of fishing gear (unit) within 10 years (2010-2019), to calculate the catch per-unit effort (CPUE), maximum sustainable yield (MSY), optimum effort (fopt), utilization rate (TP) and capacity level (TK). This study was obtained results of a downward trend in CPUE; the existing fishery catch or production in 2019 has exceeded the MSY value is 479 tons/year (Schaefer) and 439.11 tons/year (Fox); utilization rate of more than 100% which is 108-127% (Schaefer) and 118-138% (Fox), so that small-scale fisheries in Semarang City are at the level of over-exploited. Based on the fopt analysis, the number of fishing gear used (fexisting) has exceeded the optimum effort with a fishing capacity exceeding 100%, so that small-scale fisheries in Semarang City have experienced overcapacity.
Downloads
References
Batista VS, Fabre NN, Malhado ACM, & Ladle RJ. (2013). Tropical Artisanal Coastal Fisherίes: Challenges and future directions. Fish Science & Aquaculture. 22(1): 1–15. doi:10.1080/10641262.2013.822463.
[FAO] Food and Agricultural Organization. 1995. Tata laksana untuk perikanan yang bertanggung jawab. Terjemahan dari: Code of conduct for responsίble fisheries. Jakarta (ID): FAO, Deptan, JICA.
[FAO] Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2017. http://www.fao.org/fi/glossary. [Diakses pada tanggal 7 Pebruari 2017].
Garcia SM, Allison EH, Andrew NJ, Bene C, Bianchi G, de-Graaf GJ, Kalikoski D, Mahon R, & Orensanz JM. 2008. Towards integrated assessment and advice in small scale físheríes: principles and processes. FAO Físherίes and Aquaculture Technical Paper, No. 515. Rome (IT): FAO. 84 p.
Guyader O, Berthou P, Koutsikopoulos C, Alban F, Demanecheb S, Gaspare MB, Eschbaum R, Fahy E, Tully O, Reynal L, Curtil O, Frangoudes K, & Maynou F. (2012). Small scale fisheries in Europe: A comparative analysis based on a selectionof case studies. Fìsheries Research. 140: 1–13. http://dx.doί.org/10.1016/j.fishres. 2012.11.008.
Istikasari I, Mudzakir AK, & Wijayanto D. 2016. Analisis bioekonomi Rajungan (Portunus pelagίcus) menggunakan pendekatan swept area dan Gordon Schaefer di Perairan Demak. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Tahun ke-5 Hasil Penelitian Perίkanan dan Kelautan. hlm 433-447.
Jaya MM, Wiryawan B, & Simbolon D. (2017). Analisis tingkat pemanfaatan sumber daya ikan Tuna dengan metode spawning potential ratio di Perairan Sendang Biru. Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis. 9(2): 597-604. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jitkt.v9i2.19294.
[KKP] Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan. 2016. Keputusan Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan Nomor 47/KEPMEN-KP/2016 tentang Estimasi potensi, jumlah tangkapan yang diperbolehkan, dan tingkat pemanfaatan sumber daya ikan di Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan Negara Republik Indonesia. Jakarta (ID): KKP.
King M. 2007. Fisheries biology, assessment and management. Second Edition. Oxford (UK): Blackwell. 382 p.
Mc Clanahan TR, Castίla J. 2007. Fisheries management; progress toward sustainability. Oxford (UK): Blackwell Publishing. 332 p.
Nugraha E, Koswara B, & Yuniarti. (2012). Potensi lestari dan tingkat pemanfaatan Ikan Kurisi (Nemίpterus japonίcus) di Perairan Teluk Banten. Jurnal Perikanan dan Kelautan. 3(1): 91-98.
Omori KL, Hoeniga JM, Luehring MA, & Baier-Lockhart K. (2016). Effects of under estimating catch and effort on surplus production models. Fisheries Research. 183: 138–145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2016.05.021.
Pomeroy R. (2011). Managing overcapacity in small scale fisheries in Southeast Asia. Marίne Policy. 36: 520-527. doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2011.10.002.
Republik Indonesia. 2016. Ʋndang-Undang No. 7 Tahun 2016 tentang Perlindungan dan pemberdayaan nelayan, pembudi daya ikan dan petambak garam. Jakarta (ID): Setneg RI.
Sparre P, Venema SC. 1999. Introduksi Pengkajian Stok Ikan Tropis. Jakarta (ID): FAO dan Puslitbang Perikanan. 436 hal.
Tínungki GM. 2005. Evaluasi model produksi surplus dalam menduga hasil tangkapan maksimum lestari untuk menunjang kebijakan pengelolaan perikanan Lemuru di Selat Bali [Disertasi]. FPIK. Bogor (ID): IPB University.
Triarso I. (2012). Ƥotensi dan peluang pengembangan usaha þerikanan tangkap di Pantura Jawa Tengah. Jurnal Saintek Ƥerikanan. 8(1): 65-73.
Trimble M, Johnson D. (2012). Artisanal fishing as an undesirable way of life? The implications for governance of fίshers wellbeing aspirations in coastal Uruguay and south eastern Brazil. Mar. Ƥolicy. 37: 37–44. doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2012.04.002.
van Hoof L, Salz P. 2001. Applying CPUE as management tool. Discussion paper EAFE Conference 2001. 10 p.
Zulbainarni N. 2016. Teori dan Praktik Pemodelan Bioekonomi dalam Pengelolaan Perikanan Tangkap. Edisi Revisi. Bogor (ID): IPB Press. 338 hal.
Copyright (c) 2021 Jurnal Pengelolaan Perikanan Tropis (Journal of Tropical Fisheries Management)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
After the article is submitted and published in this journal, it is fully copyrighted by the Journal of Tropical Fisheries Management. If excerpts from other copyrighted works are included, authors must obtain written permission from the copyright owner and give credit to the source in the article. Then, authors or reader is allowed to copy, share, and redistribute articles/material in any form. But it must still include the appropriate source and credit because the article in this journal is licensed by Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).
1.png)
