Analisis Adopsi dan Penggunaan Aplikasi Pertanian Digital oleh Petani Skala Kecil di Kabupaten Tuban dengan Model UTAUT

Maruli Tua Sihombing; Musa Hubeis; Eko Ruddy Cahyadi

doi:10.29244/mikm.19.2.78-90

Penulis

Maruli Tua Sihombing Program Studi Ilmu Manajemen, FEM IPB
Musa Hubeis Departemen Manajemen, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Manajemen IPB
Eko Ruddy Cahyadi Departemen Manajemen, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Manajemen IPB

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29244/mikm.19.2.78-90

Kata Kunci:

adopsi, aplikasi pertanian digital, petani skala kecil

Abstrak

Sektor pertanian sebagai penopang ketahanan pangan di Indonesia sebagian besar dikelola oleh petani skala kecil yang masih terbiasa dengan metode konvensional. Tantangan perubahan iklim yang terjadi akan berdampak industri hulu pertanian, sehingga petani perlu bertransformasi secara digital dalam mengelola usahanya untuk meningkatkan produktivitasnya. Aplikasi pertanian berbasis digital telah diperkenalkan oleh beberapa perusahaan pengembang layanan teknologi kepada para petani, namun tingkat penggunaannya masih tergolong rendah. Salah satu model yang umum digunakan untuk mempelajari penerimaan dan penggunaan teknologi adalah Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). Model UTAUT belum banyak diterapkan di Indonesia secara spesifik pada kelompok petani skala kecil dengan karakteristik tertentu. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi niat dan perilaku petani skala kecil untuk mengadopsi dan menggunakan teknologi aplikasi pertanian digital dengan model UTAUT. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret-April 2024 di wilayah sentra pertanian Kabupaten Tuban dengan responden sebanyak 124 orang petani skala kecil melalui teknik purposive sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis data deskriptif berbasis tabulasi silang dengan pendekatan SEM-PLS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor ekspektasi kinerja, ekspektasi usaha, dan kondisi fasilitasi secara bersama-sama memengaruhi perilaku penggunaan aplikasi pertanian digital melalui niat perilaku petani. Karakteristik perbedaan tingkat usia dalam faktor individu ditemukan memberikan efek moderasi terhadap hubungan antar variabel. Petani yang berusia muda perlu dilibatkan secara penuh untuk memanfaatkan penyebaran teknologi aplikasi pertanian digital melalui praktik pelatihan yang didukung peningkatan fasilitas memadai.

Unduhan

Data unduhan tidak tersedia.

Referensi

[BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik. 2022. Indikator tujuan pembangunan berkelanjutan dan karakteristik utama sektor pertanian (Hasil survei pertanian terintegrasi 2021). Jakarta (ID): Badan Pusat Statistik.
[BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik. 2023. Berita resmi statistik: Keadaan ketenagakerjaan Indonesia Agustus 2023. Jakarta (ID): Badan Pusat Statistik.
[BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik. 2023. Hasil pencacahan lengkap sensus pertanian 2023 Tahap I – Sensus Pertanian 2023. Jakarta (ID) : Badan Pusat Statistik.
[M Corps] Mercy Corps Agrifin, Rabo Foundation. 2020. Final report: Landscaping of digital agricultural system of Indonesia.
Ahikiriza E, Wesana J, Huylenbroeck GV et al. 2022. Farmer knowledge and the intention to use smartphone-based information management technologies in Uganda. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. 202 107413; 1 -13. doi: 10.1016/j.compag.2022.107413.
Ajzen I, Madden TJ. 1986. Prediction of goal-directed behavior: attitudes, intentions, and perceived behavioral control. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 22 (5); 453–474. doi: 10.1016/0022-1031(86)90045-4.
Chong AY. 2013. Mobile commerce usage activities: The roles of demographic and motivation variables. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier. 80(7); 1350-1359. doi: 10.1016/j.techfore.2012.12.011.
Davis F. 1989. Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3); 319-339. doi: 10.2307/249008.
Fanadzo, Morris, Ncube, Bongani. (2018). Challenges and opportunities for revitalising smallholder irrigation schemes in South Africa. Water SA. 44. doi: 10.4314/wsa.v44i3.11.
Filho WL, Fedoruk M, Eustachio JH, Barbir J et al. 2023. How the War in Ukraine Affects Food Security. Foods 12 (21); 1-21. doi: 10.3390/foods122113996.
Fox G, Mooney J, Rosati. 2021. AgriTech Innovators: A Study of Initial Adoption and Continued Use of a Mobile Digital Platform by Family-Operated Farming Enterprises. Agriculture, 11(1283). doi: 10.3390/ agriculture11121283.
Ghozali I. 2011. Structural Equation Modeling Metode Alternatif dengan partial Least Square. Semarang (ID): Universitas Diponegoro.
Li J, Liu G, Chen Y. et al. 2023. Study on the influence mechanism of adoption of smart agriculture technology behavior. Scientific Reports. 13 (8554); 1-11. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-35091-x.
Lin D, Fu, Xie K et al. 2023. Research on the Improvement of Digital Literacy for Moderately Scaled Tea Farmers under the Background of Digital Intelligence Empowerment. Agriculture. 13; 2-26. doi: 10.3390/agriculture13101859.
Loukis E, Charalabidis Y, Androutsopoulou A. 2016. Promoting open innovation in the public sector through social media monitoring. Government Information Quarterly. 34 (1); 99-109. doi: 10.1016/j.giq.2016.09.004.
Maturano MJ, Verhulst N, Tur-Cardona J, Güereña DT et al. 2021. Understanding Smallholder Farmers’ Intention to Adopt Agricultural Apps: The Role of Mastery Approach and Innovation Hubs in Mexico. Agronomy. 11(194). doi: 10.3390/ agronomy11020194.
Moore GC, Benbasat I. 1991. Development of an instrument to measure the perceptions of adopting an Information Technology Innovation. Information System Research. 2 (3); 173-191. doi: 10.1287/isre.2.3.192.
Pallant J. 2005. SPSS Survival Manual: A step by step guide to data analysis using SPSS for Windows (Version 12).
Putra YH, Warlina L, Fatimah D et al. 2023. Adoption of the Agriculture Application by Farmers Using the UTAUT2 Method Focused on Community Behavior and User Experience. International Journal of Computer Sciences and Mathematics Engineering. 2(2); 52-65. doi: 10.61306/ijecom.v2i2.22.
Rogers EM. 1962. Diffusion of innovations. New York [US]: Free Press
Rogers EM. 2003. Diffusion of innovations 5th Edition. New York [US]: Free Press
Ronaghi MH, Forouharfar A. 2020. A contextualized study of the usage of the Internet of things (IoTs) in smart farming in a typical Middle Eastern country within the context of Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model (UTAUT). Technology in Society. 63 (101415); 1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.techsoc.2020.101415.
Thompson RL, Higgins CA, Howell JM. 1991. Personal computing: Toward a conceptual model of utilization. MIS Q Manag Inf Syst. 15(1):125–142. doi:10.2307/249443.
Toretti A, Bratu M, Muller E, Oliveira I, Zampieri M et al. 2022. Advancing near-real-time quality controls of meteorological observations. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 103 (4); 1078-1087. doi: 10.1175/BAMS-D-21-0171.1.
Triandini E, Wijaya IG, Suniantara IK, Wulandari R et al. 2022. Analysis adoption of information technology using the UTAUT method on off-taker poultry farmers in Indonesia. [prosiding] International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management. 2023 Mar 7-9; Manila, Philippines. IEOM Society International.
Triandis HC. 1979. Values, attitudes, and interpersonal behavior. [simposium]. Nebraska Symposium on Motivation. 27; 195-259.
Usakli A, Kucukergin KG. 2018. Using partial least squares structural equation modeling in hospitality and tourism. Journal of Contemporary Hospitally Management. 30(11): 3462 - 3512. doi: 10.1108/IJCHM-11-2017-0753.
Venkatesh V, Morris M, Davis G, Davis F. 2003. User acceptance of information technology: Toward a unified view. MIS Quarterly, 27(3); 425-478.
Wang J, Zhang S, Zhang L. 2023. Intelligent Hog Farming Adoption Choices Using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology Model: Perspectives from China’s New Agricultural Managers. Agriculture. 13 (2067); 1-22. doi: 10.3390/agriculture13112067.
Williams, MD, Rana NP, Dwivedi YK. 2015. The unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT): A literature review. J. Enterp. Inf. Manag. 20 (28); 443-488. doi: 10.1108/JEIM-09-2014-0088.