Analisis Computational Fluid Dynamics untuk Perancangan Reaktor Gasifikasi Sekam Padi Tipe Downdraft
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Abstract
Abstract
Rice husk is one of biomass type which can be utilized as gasification’s feedstock for producing combustible gas which can be used as fuel in internal combustion engine. The objective of this research was to obtain the best design of small scale rice husk gasifier from among geometry scenarios by applying computational fluid dynamics method. The geometry scenarios used in this study were angle of throat 70O, 80O, and 90O, and also angle of nozzel 10O and 20O. The softwares used in this study were Gambit 2.4.6 (meshing 3D model) and Ansys Fluent 13.0 (simulation). The reactions involved in gasification (3 heterogeneous reactions and 6 homogeneous reactions) were solved by finite rate/Eddy dissipation model.
Results of simulation showed that gasifier with angle of throat 90O and angle of nozzel 10O produced the highest heating value of gas with volume fraction of CO, H2, and CH4 is 14.49%, 9.65%, and 2.39% respectively. This result showed reasonable agreement with experimental data from other researchers on rice husk gasification.
Keywords: rice husk, gasification, computational fluid dynamics, combustible gas
Abstrak
Sekam padi merupakan salah satu biomassa yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan gasifikasi untuk menghasilkan gas mampu bakar yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan bakar pada motor bakar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan desain reaktor gasifikasi sekam padi skala kecil yang terbaik dari beberapa skenario bentuk reaktor melalui metode computational fluid dynamics. Skenario bentuk geometri reaktor adalah sudut throat 70O, 80O, dan 90O, serta sudut nozel 10O dan 20O. Perangkat lunak yang digunakan adalah Gambit 2.4.6 (pembuatan mesh model 3D) dan Ansys Fluent 13.0 (simulasi). Reaksi yang terlibat dalam proses gasifikasi (3 reaksi heterogen dan 6 reaksi homogen) diselesaikan dengan model finite rate/Eddy dissipation. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa reaktor dengan sudut throat 90O dan sudut nozel 10O menghasilkan nilai kalor gas paling tinggi dengan fraksi volume gas CO, H2, dan CH4 secara berturut – turut adalah 14.49%, 9.65%, dan 2.39%. Hasil simulasi cukup sesuai dengan data peneliti lain mengenai gasifikasi sekam padi.
Kata kunci: sekam padi, gasifikasi, computational fluid dynamics, gas mampu bakar
Diterima: 26 Mei 2014 ;Disetujui: 05 September 2014
Authors
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