Analisis Pengeringan Sawut Ubi Jalar (Ipomoea batatas L.) Menggunakan Pengering Efek Rumah Kaca (ERK)
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Abstract
Abstract
Sweet potatoes processing in to starch need a drying process. Green-house effect solar dryer – rotating rack type is one of the altenative for drying of sweet potatoes due to its higienis and its availability to be used anytime. The objective of the study was to analysis chopped sweet potatoes drying by using rotating rack greenhouse effect solar dryer. The capacity of the drying chamber is 48 kg of chopped sweet potatoes. Three experiments of drying have been conducted: the first drying is without products, the second is drying of products without rotating of rack and and the third is drying of products byimplement the rotating of rack of 45o every 60 minutes. The results of chopped sweet potatoes drying show that drying temperature on the dryer chamber ranged between 31.6oC to 61oC. Drying of product by implement the rotating of rack of 45o every 60 minutes yields the best temperature uniformity. To reduce moisture content from 72.76 %wb to 9.5 %wb it’s needed 13.5 hours, or drying rate of 22.4 %bk/h. The energy consumption of the experiment 3 was 35.15 MJ/kg of moisture evaporated and the drying efficiency was 7.47 %
Keywords: greenhouse effect solar dryer, chopped sweet potatoes drying
Abstrak
Pengolahan ubi jalar menjadi tepung ubi memerlukan proses pengeringan. Pengering efek rumah kaca hibrid tipe rak berputar merupakan alternative untuk mengeringakan ubi jalar sawut karena higienis dan dapat digunakan sepanjang waktu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengeringan ubi jalar menggunakan pengering efek rumah kaca hibrid tipe rak berputar. Kapasitas pengeringan alat pengering
ini adalah 48 kg sawut ubi jalar. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan 3 macam perlakuan pengeringan; percobaan 1, pengujian tanpa beban; percobaan 2, pengujian pengering dengan beban tanpa pemutaran rak; dan
percobaan 3, pengujian pengering dengan beban dan rak diputar 450 setiap 60 menit. Hasil pengeringan sawut ubi jalar menunjukkan suhu ruang pada pengering berkisar antara 31.6oC-61.5oC. Perlakuan pemutaran rak sebesar 450 setiap 60 menit (percobaan 3) menghasilkan tingkat keseragaman yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya. Untuk menurunkan kadar air sawut ubi jalar dari kadar air
72,8 %bb menjadi 9.5 %bb dibutuhkan waktu 13.5 jam, atau laju pengeringan rata-rata 22.4 %bk/jam. Konsumsi energi untuk menguapkan 1 kg air dari produk adalah 35.15 MJ/kg dengan efisiensi pengeringan sebesar 7.47%.
Kata kunci: pengering efek rumah kaca, pengeringan sawut ubi jalar
Diterima: 04 Juni 2013; Disetujui: 03 September 2013
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