ESTIMASI KEGIATAN ALIH MUAT PADA KAPAL RAWAI TUNA BERDASARKAN DATA VMS DAN KOMPOSISI HASIL TANGKAPAN (Transshipment Activites Estimation in Tuna Longliner Base on VMS Data and Catch Composition)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Transshipment in longline fisheries is a common activity at Nizam Zachman Jakarta fishing port. Publication of PERMEN KP No. 57 of 2014 causing strong protests among actors and unloading included in PPS over Nizam Zahman. The purpose of this research are to identify the movement patterns of longline vessels through VMS data and to estimate longline target catch by transshipment. This research was applied descriptive method. Primary data was derived from the VMS tracking data and interviews. Secondary data were obtained from 276 loading and unloading activities longline tuna catches. The results of this study indicated that the movement of the ship only accommodate the catch can be clearly identified by VMS. Transshipment activity, mostly happened to target catches which reaching 62% with bigeye tunadominantly 92.61%. On bycatch, there were three dominant species, that were mackerel scad, mackerel tuna and southern bluefin tuna. Fresh conditions dominate activity over the load by 89%, ie 46% of the quality of export whole quality and 43% reject quality. Fresh condition consists of six species, bigeye tuna (2,408,999 kg), yellowfin tuna (970,186 kg), Swordfish (47,774 Kg), southern bluefin tuna (4,435 kg), marlin (962 kg) and albacore (39 kg). Transshipment at Nizam Zachman Jakarta fishing port dominated by fishing vessel measured 61-100 GT and < 50 days long trip. It shows that there was correlation between transshipment activity and fresh tuna industry.
Keywords: catch composition, transshipment, tuna longline, VMS data
ABSTRAK
Alih muat hasil tangkapan dalam perikanan longline umum terjadi di PPS Nizam Zachman Jakarta. Terbitnya PERMEN KP No 57 tahun 2014 menimbulkan protes keras di kalangan pelaku alih muat termasuk di PPS Nizam Zahman. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis pola pergerakan kapal perikanan dalam melakukan kegiatan alih muat dan mengestimasi komposisi hasil tangkapan rawai tuna melalui kegiatan alih muat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif. Data primer berasal dari data tracking VMS dan hasil wawancara. Data sekunder diperoleh dari 276 aktivitas bongkar muat hasil tangkapan rawai tuna. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pergerakan kapal yang hanya menampung hasil tangkapan dapat teridentifikasi dengan jelas melalui VMS. Kegiatan alih muat pada rawai tuna dominan terjadi pada hasil tangkapan utama mencapai 62% dengan spesies yang dominan yaitu tuna mata besar dengan prosentase sebesar 92,61%. Pada hasil tangkapan sampingan terdapat 3 spesies dominan yaitu layang, sunglir dan tuna sirip biru selatan. Kondisi segar mendominasi kegiatan alih muat sebesar 89%, yaitu 46% mutu kualitas ekspor utuh dan 43% mutu reject. Kondisi segar terdiri atas 6 spesies, yaitu tuna mata besar (2.408.999 kg), madidihang (970.186 kg), ikan pedang
(47.774 Kg), tuna sirip biru selatan (4.435 kg), setuhuk (962 kg) dan albakora (39 kg). Produksi alih muat didominasi oleh kapal berukuran 61-100 GT dan lama trip <50 hari. Hal ini menunjukkan korelasi antara alih muat dengan kegiatan perikanan tuna segar.
Kata kunci: komposisi hasil tangkapan, alih muat, rawai tuna, data VMS
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