UMPAN BUATAN DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP HASIL TANGKAPAN PANCING LAYANG-LAYANG DI SELAT BANGKA, SULAWESI UTARA (The Study of Artificial Bait on the Catch of Kite Fishing in Bangka Strait, North Sulawesi)
Abstract
Abstract
Needlefish (Tylosurus sp.) known locally as sako is one of the economically important
fisheries resources in Bangka Strait of North Sulawesi. The success kite fishing is highly dependent
on the availability of small natural bait which is caught only by lift net during the dark moon phase.
Therefore, it should be attempted using artificial baits to address the issue of lack of natural bait at
certain times. This study aimed to determine the effect of artificial baits toward catch of kite fishing
and to identify the species of needle fish caught. This research was carried out in Bangka Strait by
using experimental method. Two types of baits were used, namely natural bait (rainbow
sardine/Dussumieria acuta), and artificial baits such as rubber fish that widely available in the bait
shop. The catch data from four units of kite fishing were analyzed using t-test. The result showed
that total catch during the study were 40 needlefish es consist of Tylosurus crocodiles (39) and
Tylosurus acus melanotus (1). As many as 22 needlefishes caught with natural baits and 18 caught
with artificial baits. The analysis showed that the used of natural baits were not significantly
different from the artificial bait. During the study needlefish could be caught at wind speeds of 4- 7
knots and operated on 11.00–14.45 Mid Indonesian Time.
Keywords: artificial bait, Bangka Strait, kite fishing, wind speed
Abstrak
Ikan cendro (Tylosurus sp.) yang dikenal dengan nama lokal sebagai ikan sako adalah salah satu sumber daya ikan ekonomis penting yang dihasilkan dari perairan Selat Bangka, Sulawesi Utara. Keberhasilan penangkapan ikan dengan pancing layang-layang sangat tergantung pada ketersediaan umpan alami berukuran kecil yang tertangkap dengan alat tangkap bagan pada saat bulan gelap. Oleh karena itu, perlu dicobakan penggunaan umpan buatan untuk mengatasi persoalan kurangnya umpan alami pada waktu-waktu tertentu. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh umpan buatan terhadap hasil tangkapan pancing layang-layang dan mengidentifikasi jenis ikan cendro yang tertangkap. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Selat Bangka
didasarkan pada metode eksperimental. Dua jenis umpan yang digunakan, yaitu umpan alami yaitu ikan japuh (Dussumieria acuta), dan umpan buatan. Umpan buatan berupa ikan karet yang banyak tersedia di toko pancing. Data tangkapan dikumpulkan dari 4 unit pancing layang-layang, dan kemudian data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji t. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa hasil tangkapan selama penelitian berjumlah 40 ekor ikan cendro yang terdiri dari Tylosurus crocodiles (39 ekor) dan Tylosurus acus melanotus (1 ekor). Sebanyak 22 ekor ikan cendro tertangkap dengan umpan alami dan 18 ekor ikan cendro tertangkap dengan umpan buatan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan umpan alami tidak berbeda nyata dengan umpan buatan pada pancing layang-layang untuk menangkap ikan cendro di perairan Selat Bangka. Ikan cendro dapat tertangkap pada kecepatan angin antara 4–7 knot dan dioperasikan pada sekitar jam 11.00-14.45 Wita.
Kata kunci: umpan buatan, Selat Bangka, pancing layang-layang, kecepatan angin
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