Identifikasi kandungan ikan tenggiri (Scomberomorus commerson) dan ikan sapu-sapu (Pterygoplichthys sp) pada otak-otak Identification of mackerel (Scomberomorus commerson) and suckermouth catfish (Pterygoplichthys sp) in otak-otak
Article Sidebar
Accepted
13 March 2023
Published
5 May 2023
Keywords:
-
halalan thayyiban, heavy metal, otak-otak
Abstract
Mackerel fish is commonly used in the manufacturing of otak-otak. Authentication of fish-based food products by visual method is not possible so counterfeiting or mislabeling in these products is very likely to occur. Suckermouth catfish meat can also be used as a raw material for fish-based products because it contains high protein content. However, the source of suckermouth catfish taken from the Ciliwung River has the potential to contain heavy metals such as Pb, Cd, Hg, Sn, and As. The purpose of this study was to analyze the content of mackerel and suckermouth catfish in otak-otak, and identify the presence of heavy metal content in otak-otak samples containing suckermouth catfish. Nineteen otak-otak samples analyzed with 3 samples wrote the description of mackerel on the packaging. DNA analysis of suckermouth catfish and mackerel in otak-otak using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) methods that use a specific primer. Analysis of heavy metals using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) method. Twelve of the nineteen samples identified a 423 bp band in the electrophoresis gel. The band was confirmed belonging to the suckermouth catfish species after analysis using sanger sequencing methods. Nine of the nineteen samples showed a 238 bp band that corresponded to mackerel. A total of 12 otak-otak samples were identified as containing suckermouth catfish, 11 of which contained Pb metal with a concentration of <0.034 mg/kg and 1 sample containing Pb metal with a concentration of 0.34 mg/kg. The presence of heavy metal content in the otak-otak samples whose concentration exceeds the maximum limit makes this otak-otak can’t halalan thayyiban for consumption.
References
Abdullah, A., Rehbein, H. (2015). The differentiation of tuna (family: Scombridae) products through the PCR-based analysis of the cytochrome b gene and parvalbumin introns.Sci Food Agric.96 : 456 – 464. DOI 10.1002/jsfa.7111
Abdullah, A., Nurilmala, M., Sitaresmi, K.P. (2019). DNA mini barcodes sebagai penanda molekuler untuk ketertelusuran label pangan berbagai produk ikan layur. Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia. 22(1): 33-40.
Agustina, T. (2014). Kontaminasi Logam Berat Pada Makanan dan Dampaknya Pada Kesehatan. Teknobuga. 1(1): 53 – 65.
Aiman. (2016). Telusuri ikan sapu-sapu yang jadi bahan “siomay”. Diakses September 2020 pada https://amp.kompas.com/megapolitan/read/2016/09/05/19275601/aiman.malam.ini.
Aksari, Y.D., Perwitasari, D., Butet, N.A. (2015). Kandungan Logam Berat (Cd, Hg, Pb) pada ikan sapu-sapu Pterygoplichthys pardalis (Castelnau,1855) di Sungai Ciliwung. Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia. 15(3): 257 – 266.
Ali, M. (2016). Konsep makanan halal dalam tinjauan syariah dan tanggung jawab produk atas produsen industri halal. Ahkam. 16(2): 291-306.
Aprilyani F. (2014). Analisis Kandungan Logam Berat Pada Ikan Tenggiri Scomberomorus commersonii (Lacepéde,1800) Di Perairan Pesisir Tangerang. [Skripsi]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.
BPOM. (2018). Peraturan Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan Nomor 5 Tahun 2018 Tentang Batas Maksimum Cemaran Logam Berat Dalam Pangan Olahan. Jakarta (ID): Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan.
Collete B.B. (2003). Famili Scombridae Rafinesque 1815: mackerels, tunas, and bonitos. Annotated Checklist of Fishes 19: 1-28.
Elfidasari, D., Qoyyimah, F.D., Fahmi, M.R., Puspitasi, R.L. (2016). Variasi Ikan Sapu-Sapu (Loricariidae) Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi Di Perairan Ciliwung. Jurnal Al-Azhar Indonesia Seri Sains dan Teknologi. 3(4): 221-225.
Fauzi, G.I., Komarudin, N. (2021). Pengaruh Penambahan Karaginan Terhadap Tingkat Kesukaan Otak-Otak Ikan Patin. Jurnal Akuatek. 2(1): 58-68.
Hardi. (2013). Analisis Kandungan Logam Berat Merkuri (Hg) Pada Daging Ikan Sapu-Sapu (Pterygoplichthys pardalis) Di Sungai Ciliwung. [Skripsi]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Haye, P.A., Segovia, N.I., Vera, R., Gallardo, M.A, Gallardo, E.C. (2012). Authentication of commercialized crab-meat in Chile using DNA barcoding. Food Control. 25: 239-244.
Hossain, M, Y., Vadas, R, L., Ruiz-Carus, R., Galib, S, M. (2018). Amazon Sailfin Catfish Pterygoplichthys pardalis (Loricariidae) in Bangladesh: A Critical Review of Its Invasive Threat to Native and Endemic Aquatic Species. Fishes. 3(4): 88-96. doi:10.3390/fishes3010014
Hutasoit, D., Yusni, E., & Lesmana, I. (2015). Pengaruh Penambahan Tepung Ikan Sapu-Sapu (Lyposarcus pardalis) Pada Pakan Komersil Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ikan Patin (Pangasius sp.). Jurnal Aquacoastmarine. 6(1): 1-9.
Irine, Nuraini, H., Sumantri, C. (2013). Species authentication of dog, cat and tiger using cytochrome β gene. J Anim Sci Tech. 36: 171-78. DOI: 10.5398/medpet.2013.36.3.171.
Ismi, L.N., Elfidasari, D., Puspitasari, R.L., Sugoro, I. (2019). Kandungan 10 Jenis Logam Berat pada Daging Ikan Sapu-Sapu (Pterygoplichthys pardalis) Asal Sungai Ciliwung Wilayah Jakarta. Jurnal Al-Azhar Indonesia Seri Sains dan Teknologi. 5 (2): 56-59.
Kembaren, D.D., Surahman, A., Noegroho, T. (2019). Preliminary Study on Biological Aspect of Papuan Seerfish (Scomberomorus multiradiatus MUNRO,1964). Ind.Fish.Res.J. 25(1): 27-35.
Mackie., I.M, Pyride., S.E., Gonzales S.C., Medina., I, Perez., M.R, Quinteiro., J, Rey., MM, Rehbein H. (1999). Challenges In The Identification of Species of Vanned Fish. Trend and Food Science and Technology 10: 9-14.
Mallawa, A., Amir, F. (2019). Population dynamics of narrow-barred Spanish mackerel Scomberomorus commerson (Lacepede,1800) in Bone Bay waters, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. AACL Bioflux. 12(3): 908-917.
Martin, S., Grisword, W. (2009). Human Health Effects of Heavy Metals. Center for Hazardous Substance Research. 15
Maulid, D.Y., Nurilmala, M. (2015). DNA Barcoding untuk Autentikasi Produk Ikan Tenggiri (Scomberomorus sp). Jurnal Akuatika. 6(2): 154-160.
Maulid, D.Y., Nurilmala, M., Nurjanah., Maddupa, H. (2015). Karakteristik Molekul cytochrome b Untuk DNA Barcoding Tenggiri. JPHPI. 19(1): 9 - 16. DOI: 10.17844/jphpi.2016.19.1.9
Noegroho, T., Boer, M., Sulistiono., Adrianto, L. (2018). Size structure and population dynamics of Indo-Pacific king mackerel (Scomberomorus guttatus) in Kepulauan Riau’s water, Indonesia. AACL Bioflux. 11(4): 1081-1088. doi :10.1088/1755-1315/176/1/012022.
Nuraini, H., Sumantri, C., Andreas, E., Primasari, A., Irine, Khaerunnisa, I. (2014). Pemanfaatan Multiplex PCR dalam Identifikasi Jenis Ternak untuk Menjamin Produk Halal dan Thoyyib. Seminar Nasional Teknologi Peternakan dan Veteriner.
Patoka, J., Takdir, M., Yonvitner, Aryadi, H., Jerikho, R., Nilawati, J., Tantu, F.Y., Bohata, L., Aulia, A., Kamal, M.M., Wardiatno, Y., Petrtyl, M. (2020). Two species of illegal South American sailfin catfish of the genus Pterygoplichthys well-established in Indonesia. Knowl. Manag. Aquat. Ecosyst. 28: 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1051/kmae/2020021.
Permata, M.A.D., Purwiyanto, A.I.S., Diansyah, G. (2018). Kandungan Logam Berat Cu (Tembaga) Dan Pb (Timbal) Pada Air Dan Sedimen Di Kawasan Industri Teluk Lampung, Provinsi Lampung. Journal of Tropical Marine Science. 1(1): 7-14. DOI:10.33019 /jour. trop.mar. sci. v1i1.667.
Putra, D.A.P., Agustini, T.W., Wijayanti, I. (2015). Pengaruh Penambahan Karagenan Sebagai Stabilizer Terhadap Karakteristik Otak-Otak Ikan Kurisi (Nemipterus nematophorus). Jurnal Pengolahan dan Bioteknonogi Hasil Perikanan. 4(2): 1-10.
Qoyyimah, F., Elfidasari, D., Fahmi, M. R. (2016). Identifikasi Ikan Sapu-Sapu (Loricariidae) Berdasarkan Karakter Pola Abdomendi Perairan Ciliwung. Jurnal Biologi. 20(1): 40–43. DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD. 2016. v20.i01.p07.
Rahim, Z., Madduppa, Z. (2020). Identifikasi ikan sardine komersial (Dussumieria elopsoides) yang didaratkan di Pasar Muara Angke, Jakarta menggunakan pengamatan morfologi, morfometrik, dan DNA barcoding. Jurnal kelautan. 13(2): 93-99.
Rao, R. K., Sunchu, V. (2017). A report on Pterygoplichthys pardalis Amazon sailfin suckermouth Catfishes in Freshwater tanks at Telangana state, India. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies. 5(2): 294-254.
Saputro, D., Agustini, T.W., Rianingsih, L. (2018). Pengaruh Penambahan Karagenan Terhadap Sifat Fisikokimia Otak-Otak Ikan Lele Dumbo (Clarias gariepenus). Jurnal Ilmu Pangan dan hasil Pertanian. 2(1): 25-33.
Velasco, A., Sanchez, A., Martinez, I., Santaclara, F. J., Martin, R. I. P., Sotelo, C.G. (2013). Development of a Real-Time PCR method for the identification of Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus). Food Chemistry. 141: 2006 - 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.05.077.
Wahyuni, S., Maryam, S., Aminah. (2019). Validasi metode analisis cemaran DNA babi pada bakso sapi menggunakan primer mitokondria D-Loop 22 dengan metode Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Jurnal Farmasi Galenika. 5(1). 65-72. DOI: 10.22487/ j24428744. 2019. V5. i1. 12035.
Widodo, J. (1989). Sistematika, Biologi, dan Perikanan Tenggiri (Scomberomorus, Scombridae) Di Indonesia. Oseana. 14(4): 145-150.
Abdullah, A., Nurilmala, M., Sitaresmi, K.P. (2019). DNA mini barcodes sebagai penanda molekuler untuk ketertelusuran label pangan berbagai produk ikan layur. Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia. 22(1): 33-40.
Agustina, T. (2014). Kontaminasi Logam Berat Pada Makanan dan Dampaknya Pada Kesehatan. Teknobuga. 1(1): 53 – 65.
Aiman. (2016). Telusuri ikan sapu-sapu yang jadi bahan “siomay”. Diakses September 2020 pada https://amp.kompas.com/megapolitan/read/2016/09/05/19275601/aiman.malam.ini.
Aksari, Y.D., Perwitasari, D., Butet, N.A. (2015). Kandungan Logam Berat (Cd, Hg, Pb) pada ikan sapu-sapu Pterygoplichthys pardalis (Castelnau,1855) di Sungai Ciliwung. Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia. 15(3): 257 – 266.
Ali, M. (2016). Konsep makanan halal dalam tinjauan syariah dan tanggung jawab produk atas produsen industri halal. Ahkam. 16(2): 291-306.
Aprilyani F. (2014). Analisis Kandungan Logam Berat Pada Ikan Tenggiri Scomberomorus commersonii (Lacepéde,1800) Di Perairan Pesisir Tangerang. [Skripsi]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.
BPOM. (2018). Peraturan Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan Nomor 5 Tahun 2018 Tentang Batas Maksimum Cemaran Logam Berat Dalam Pangan Olahan. Jakarta (ID): Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan.
Collete B.B. (2003). Famili Scombridae Rafinesque 1815: mackerels, tunas, and bonitos. Annotated Checklist of Fishes 19: 1-28.
Elfidasari, D., Qoyyimah, F.D., Fahmi, M.R., Puspitasi, R.L. (2016). Variasi Ikan Sapu-Sapu (Loricariidae) Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi Di Perairan Ciliwung. Jurnal Al-Azhar Indonesia Seri Sains dan Teknologi. 3(4): 221-225.
Fauzi, G.I., Komarudin, N. (2021). Pengaruh Penambahan Karaginan Terhadap Tingkat Kesukaan Otak-Otak Ikan Patin. Jurnal Akuatek. 2(1): 58-68.
Hardi. (2013). Analisis Kandungan Logam Berat Merkuri (Hg) Pada Daging Ikan Sapu-Sapu (Pterygoplichthys pardalis) Di Sungai Ciliwung. [Skripsi]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Haye, P.A., Segovia, N.I., Vera, R., Gallardo, M.A, Gallardo, E.C. (2012). Authentication of commercialized crab-meat in Chile using DNA barcoding. Food Control. 25: 239-244.
Hossain, M, Y., Vadas, R, L., Ruiz-Carus, R., Galib, S, M. (2018). Amazon Sailfin Catfish Pterygoplichthys pardalis (Loricariidae) in Bangladesh: A Critical Review of Its Invasive Threat to Native and Endemic Aquatic Species. Fishes. 3(4): 88-96. doi:10.3390/fishes3010014
Hutasoit, D., Yusni, E., & Lesmana, I. (2015). Pengaruh Penambahan Tepung Ikan Sapu-Sapu (Lyposarcus pardalis) Pada Pakan Komersil Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ikan Patin (Pangasius sp.). Jurnal Aquacoastmarine. 6(1): 1-9.
Irine, Nuraini, H., Sumantri, C. (2013). Species authentication of dog, cat and tiger using cytochrome β gene. J Anim Sci Tech. 36: 171-78. DOI: 10.5398/medpet.2013.36.3.171.
Ismi, L.N., Elfidasari, D., Puspitasari, R.L., Sugoro, I. (2019). Kandungan 10 Jenis Logam Berat pada Daging Ikan Sapu-Sapu (Pterygoplichthys pardalis) Asal Sungai Ciliwung Wilayah Jakarta. Jurnal Al-Azhar Indonesia Seri Sains dan Teknologi. 5 (2): 56-59.
Kembaren, D.D., Surahman, A., Noegroho, T. (2019). Preliminary Study on Biological Aspect of Papuan Seerfish (Scomberomorus multiradiatus MUNRO,1964). Ind.Fish.Res.J. 25(1): 27-35.
Mackie., I.M, Pyride., S.E., Gonzales S.C., Medina., I, Perez., M.R, Quinteiro., J, Rey., MM, Rehbein H. (1999). Challenges In The Identification of Species of Vanned Fish. Trend and Food Science and Technology 10: 9-14.
Mallawa, A., Amir, F. (2019). Population dynamics of narrow-barred Spanish mackerel Scomberomorus commerson (Lacepede,1800) in Bone Bay waters, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. AACL Bioflux. 12(3): 908-917.
Martin, S., Grisword, W. (2009). Human Health Effects of Heavy Metals. Center for Hazardous Substance Research. 15
Maulid, D.Y., Nurilmala, M. (2015). DNA Barcoding untuk Autentikasi Produk Ikan Tenggiri (Scomberomorus sp). Jurnal Akuatika. 6(2): 154-160.
Maulid, D.Y., Nurilmala, M., Nurjanah., Maddupa, H. (2015). Karakteristik Molekul cytochrome b Untuk DNA Barcoding Tenggiri. JPHPI. 19(1): 9 - 16. DOI: 10.17844/jphpi.2016.19.1.9
Noegroho, T., Boer, M., Sulistiono., Adrianto, L. (2018). Size structure and population dynamics of Indo-Pacific king mackerel (Scomberomorus guttatus) in Kepulauan Riau’s water, Indonesia. AACL Bioflux. 11(4): 1081-1088. doi :10.1088/1755-1315/176/1/012022.
Nuraini, H., Sumantri, C., Andreas, E., Primasari, A., Irine, Khaerunnisa, I. (2014). Pemanfaatan Multiplex PCR dalam Identifikasi Jenis Ternak untuk Menjamin Produk Halal dan Thoyyib. Seminar Nasional Teknologi Peternakan dan Veteriner.
Patoka, J., Takdir, M., Yonvitner, Aryadi, H., Jerikho, R., Nilawati, J., Tantu, F.Y., Bohata, L., Aulia, A., Kamal, M.M., Wardiatno, Y., Petrtyl, M. (2020). Two species of illegal South American sailfin catfish of the genus Pterygoplichthys well-established in Indonesia. Knowl. Manag. Aquat. Ecosyst. 28: 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1051/kmae/2020021.
Permata, M.A.D., Purwiyanto, A.I.S., Diansyah, G. (2018). Kandungan Logam Berat Cu (Tembaga) Dan Pb (Timbal) Pada Air Dan Sedimen Di Kawasan Industri Teluk Lampung, Provinsi Lampung. Journal of Tropical Marine Science. 1(1): 7-14. DOI:10.33019 /jour. trop.mar. sci. v1i1.667.
Putra, D.A.P., Agustini, T.W., Wijayanti, I. (2015). Pengaruh Penambahan Karagenan Sebagai Stabilizer Terhadap Karakteristik Otak-Otak Ikan Kurisi (Nemipterus nematophorus). Jurnal Pengolahan dan Bioteknonogi Hasil Perikanan. 4(2): 1-10.
Qoyyimah, F., Elfidasari, D., Fahmi, M. R. (2016). Identifikasi Ikan Sapu-Sapu (Loricariidae) Berdasarkan Karakter Pola Abdomendi Perairan Ciliwung. Jurnal Biologi. 20(1): 40–43. DOI: 10.24843/JBIOUNUD. 2016. v20.i01.p07.
Rahim, Z., Madduppa, Z. (2020). Identifikasi ikan sardine komersial (Dussumieria elopsoides) yang didaratkan di Pasar Muara Angke, Jakarta menggunakan pengamatan morfologi, morfometrik, dan DNA barcoding. Jurnal kelautan. 13(2): 93-99.
Rao, R. K., Sunchu, V. (2017). A report on Pterygoplichthys pardalis Amazon sailfin suckermouth Catfishes in Freshwater tanks at Telangana state, India. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies. 5(2): 294-254.
Saputro, D., Agustini, T.W., Rianingsih, L. (2018). Pengaruh Penambahan Karagenan Terhadap Sifat Fisikokimia Otak-Otak Ikan Lele Dumbo (Clarias gariepenus). Jurnal Ilmu Pangan dan hasil Pertanian. 2(1): 25-33.
Velasco, A., Sanchez, A., Martinez, I., Santaclara, F. J., Martin, R. I. P., Sotelo, C.G. (2013). Development of a Real-Time PCR method for the identification of Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus). Food Chemistry. 141: 2006 - 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.05.077.
Wahyuni, S., Maryam, S., Aminah. (2019). Validasi metode analisis cemaran DNA babi pada bakso sapi menggunakan primer mitokondria D-Loop 22 dengan metode Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Jurnal Farmasi Galenika. 5(1). 65-72. DOI: 10.22487/ j24428744. 2019. V5. i1. 12035.
Widodo, J. (1989). Sistematika, Biologi, dan Perikanan Tenggiri (Scomberomorus, Scombridae) Di Indonesia. Oseana. 14(4): 145-150.
Authors
SusenoD., & RazariI. (2023). Identifikasi kandungan ikan tenggiri (Scomberomorus commerson) dan ikan sapu-sapu (Pterygoplichthys sp) pada otak-otak: Identification of mackerel (Scomberomorus commerson) and suckermouth catfish (Pterygoplichthys sp) in otak-otak . Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 26(2), 191-205. https://doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v26i2.45368
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Article Details
