Morphological Characteristics and Potential of Sago (Metroxylon spp.) in Lingga Regency, Riau Islands, Indonesia
Article Sidebar
Issue
Vol. 29 No. 1 (2023)
Published
18 April 2023
Keywords:
-
accession, diversification, local food, Metroxylon, starch, yield
Abstract
Sago (Metroxylon) is one of the local food species with development potential. Lingga Regency is one of the potential locations for sago development. However, no research on the morphological characteristics and production of sago in Lingga Regency has been conducted. The purpose of this research is to determine the morphological characteristics and production of sago in Lingga Regency. This study's sago plants came from six sago-producing villages. Before and after the sago trees were harvested, morphological characteristics and production were observed, with random sampling at each research site. Field observations on the potential of sago stands were conducted at the study site using the transect method with a single plot. Based on morphological characters there are two types of sago in Lingga: spiny and thornless sago. The morphological characteristics and sago production vary greatly between research sites. Sago stands have a production potential ranging from 3.37 to 14.55 tons ha-1. Because they have a starch content of more than 200 kg stem-1, the majority of sago accessions in Lingga are superior accessions with the potential to be further developed. Superior sago comes from the villages of Musai, Pekaka, Keton, and Teluk.
References
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Flach, M., & Schuilling, D. L. (1989). Revival of an ancient starch crop: a review of the agronomy of the sago palm. Agroforestry Systems, 7, 259–281. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00046972
Gardner, F. P., Perace, R. B., & Mithcehell, R. L. (1985). Fisiologi tanaman budidaya. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia Press.
Gemilang, R., Irwanto, R. R., & Dwiartama, A. (2019, April 25). Studi etnobotani pemanfaatan sagu (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) di Pulau Lingga, Kepulauan Riau [Seminar presentation]. Seminar Nasional Biologi, Bandung, Indonesia.
Hayati, N., Purwani, R., & Kadir, A. (2014). Preferensi masyarakat terhadap makanan berbahan baku sagu (Metroxylon sagu Rootb) sebagai alternatif sumber karbohidrat di Kabupaten Luwu dan Luwu Utara Sulawesi Selatan. Jurnal Penelitian Sosial dan Ekonomi Kehutanan, 11, 82–90.
Haryanto, B., & Pangloli, P. (1992). Potensi dan pemanfaatan sagu. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Kanisius
Konuma, H. (2018). Status and outlook of global food security and the role of underutilized food resources: sago palm. In H. Ehara, Y. Toyoda, & D. Johnson (Eds.), Sago palm. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5269-9_1
Konuma, H., Rolle, R., & Boromthanarat, S. (2012). Color characteristics of sago starch as they relate to the growth environment of the sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Robb). Journal of Agricultural Technology, 8, 273–287.
Limbongan, J. (2007). Morfologi beberapa jenis sagu potensial di Papua. Jurnal Litbang Pertanian, 26, 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/bp.v17n2.2016.115-125
Murod, M., Kusmana, C., Bintoro, M. H., Widiatmaka, & Hilmi, E. (2019). Strategy of sago management sustainability to support food security in Regency of Meranti Islands, Riau Province, Indonesia. AAB Bioflux, 11, 1–20.
Mustamu, Y. A., Barias, F. O. P., Tan, T., Suparno, A., & Budiyanto, Y. S. (2021). Keragaan dan keragaman genetik 9 jenis sagu (Metroxylon spp) di Kabupaten Biak Numfor Provinsi Papua. Agriprima, 5, 150–158. https://doi.org/10.25047/agriprima.v5i2.435
Nabeya, K., Nakamura, S., Nakamura, T., Fujii, A., Watanabe, M., Nakajima, T., Nitta, Y., & Goto, Y. (2015). Growth behavior of sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) fro transplantation to trunk formation. Plant Production Science, 18, 209–217. https://doi.org/10.1626/pps.18.209
Naim, H. M., Yaakub, A. N., & Hamdan, D. A. A. (2016). Commercialization of sago through estate plantation scheme in Sarawak: The way forward. International Journal of Agronomy, 2016, 8319542. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/8319542
Nakamura, S., Nitta, Y., Watanabe, M., & Goto, Y. (2005). Analysis of leaflet shape and area for improvement of leaf area estimation method for sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.). Plant Production Science, 8, 27–31. https://doi.org/10.1626/pps.8.27
Nakamura, S., Nitta, Y., Watanabe, M., & Goto, Y. (2009). A method for estimating sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) leaf area after trunk formation. Plant Production Science, 12, 58–62. https://doi.org/10.1626/pps.12.58
Novarianto, H., Maskromo, I., Tulalo, M. A., Tenda, E. T., Kumaunang, J., Pandin, D. S., & Mawardi, S. (2020). Karakteristik dan potensi produksi pati varietas sagu bestari. Buletin Palma, 21, 29–37. https://doi.org/10.21082/bp.v21n1.2020.29-37
Novarianto, H., Tulalo, M.A., Kumaunang, J., & Indrawanto, C. (2014). Varietas unggul sagu Selatpanjang Meranti. Buletin Palma, 15, 47–55. https://doi.org/10.21082/bp.v15n1.2014.47-55
Nurulhaq, M. I., Bintoro, M. H., & Supijatno. (2022). Morphology and starch production potential of sago palm found in Village Haripau, East Mimika Subdistrict, Mimika, Papua Province, Indonesia. Journal of Tropical Crop Science, 9, 31–38. https://doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.9.01.31-38
Pasolon, Y.B. (2015). Environment, growth and biomass production of sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.): A case study from Halmahera, Papua and Kendari. International Journal of Sustainable Tropical Agriculture Science, 2, 97–104.
[Pemda] Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Lingga. (2016). Rencana pembangunan jangka menengah daerah 2016-2021. Lingga: Pemerintah Kabupaten Lingga.
Pratama, A. J., Bintoro, M. H., & Trikoesoemaningtyas. (2018). Variability and relationship analysis of sago accessions from natural population of Papua based on morphological characters. SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics, 50, 461–474.
Pudjihastuti, I., Sumardiono, S., Supriyo, E., & Kusumayanti, H. (2019). Analog rice characteristics made from sago flour and arrowroot flour in supporting food diversification. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2114, 030004. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5112408
Pue, A. G., Fletcher, M. T., Blaney, B., Greenhill, A. R., Warner, J. M., Latifa, A., & Ng, J. C. (2018). Addressing food insecurity in Papua New Guinea through food safety and sago cropping. In H. Ehara, Y. Toyoda, & D. Johnson (Eds.), Sago palm. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5269-9_9
Putri, A. A. K., Fatriani, & Satriadi, T. (2019). Pemanfaatan pohon sagu (Metroxylon sp) dan kualitas pati sagu dari Desa Salimuran Kecamatan Kusan Hilir Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu Kalimantan Selatan. Jurnal Sylva Scienteae, 2, 1082–1093. https://doi.org/10.20527/jss.v2i6.1907
Rembon, F. S., Pasolon, Y. B., Yamamoto, Y., & Yoshida, T. (2014). Comparative studies on physicochemical properties of the mineral soils in the major sago-palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) growing areas of Eastern Indonesia. International Journal of Sustainable Tropical Agriculture Science, 1, 77–92.
Sato, T., Yamaguchi, T., & Takamura, T. (1979). Cultivation, harvesting and processing of sago palm. Japanese Journal of Tropical Agriculture, 23(3), 130–136.
Schuiling, D. L. (2009). Growth and development of true sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottboll) with special reference to accumulation of starch in the trunk: A study on morphology, genetic variation and ecophysiology, and their implications for cultivation [dissertation]. Wageningen: Wageningen University.
Selvarajan, E., Veena, R., & Kumar, N. M. (2018). Polyphenol oxidase, beyond enzyme browning. In J. Singh, D. Sharma, G. Kumar, & N. Sharma (Eds.), Microbial bioprospecting for sustainable development. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0053-0_10
Shankar, U. (2001). A case of high tree diversity in a sal (Shorea robusta) dominated lowland forest of Eastern Himalaya: Floristic composition, regeneration and conservation. Current Science, 81, 776–786.
Ahmad, M. (2014). Farmer empowerment to increase productivity of sago (Metroxylon sago spp.) farming. International Journal on Advanced Science Engineering Information Technology, 4, 5–9. https://doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.4.3.384
Ahmad, F., Bintoro, M. H., & Supijatno. (2016). Morfologi dan produksi beberapa aksesi sagu (Metroxylon spp.) di Distrik Iwaka, Kabupaten Mimika, Papua. Buletin Palma, 17, 115–125. https://doi.org/10.21082/bp.v17n2.2016.115-125
Al Qodri, K., & Wawan. (2015). Keanekaragaman morfologis tanaman sagu (Metroxylon sp.) di Kabupaten Lingga Propinsi Kepulauan Riau. JOM Faperta UNRI, 2, 1–15.
Auliah, A. (2012). Formulasi kombinasi tepung sagu dan jagung pada pembuatan mie. Journal Chemical, 13, 33–38.
Bintoro, M. H., Pratama, A. J., Ahmad, F., & Nurulhaq, M. I. (2016). Penataan hutan sagu. Bogor: LPPM IPB
Bintoro, M. H., Purwanto, M. Y. J., & Amarilis, S. (2010). Sagu di lahan gambut. Bogor: IPB Press
[BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Lingga. (2022). Kabupaten Lingga dalam angka 2022. Lingga: Badan Pusat Statistik.
Dewi, R. K., Bintoro, M. H., & Sudradjat. (2016). Karakter morfologi dan potensi produksi beberapa aksesi sagu (Metroxylon spp.) di Kabupaten Sorong Selatan, Papua Barat. Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia, 44, 91–97. https://doi.org/10.24831/jai.v44i1.12508
[Ditjenbun] Direktorat Jenderal Perkebunan. (2017). Statistik perkebunan sagu 2015–2017. Jakarta: Sekretariat Direktorat Jenderal Perkebunan.
[Ditjenbun] Direktorat Jenderal Perkebunan. (2019). Statistik perkebunan Indonesia 2018–2020. Jakarta: Sekretariat Direktorat Jenderal Perkebunan.
Djoefrie, M. H. B., Herodian, S., Ngadiono, Thoriq, A., & Amarillis, S. (2014). Sagu untuk kesejahteraan masyarakat Papua: Suatu kajian dalam upaya pengembangan sagu sebagai komoditas unggulan di Provinsi Papua dan Provinsi Papua Barat. Jakarta: Unit Percepatan Pembangunan Papua dan Papua Barat.
Ehara, H. (2009). Potency of sago palm as carbohydrate resource for strengthening food security program. Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia, 37, 209–219. https://doi.org/10.24831/jai.v37i3.1255
Flach, M. (1997). Sago palm: Metroxylon sago Rottb. Rome: IPGRI.
Flach, M., & Schuilling, D. L. (1989). Revival of an ancient starch crop: a review of the agronomy of the sago palm. Agroforestry Systems, 7, 259–281. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00046972
Gardner, F. P., Perace, R. B., & Mithcehell, R. L. (1985). Fisiologi tanaman budidaya. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia Press.
Gemilang, R., Irwanto, R. R., & Dwiartama, A. (2019, April 25). Studi etnobotani pemanfaatan sagu (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) di Pulau Lingga, Kepulauan Riau [Seminar presentation]. Seminar Nasional Biologi, Bandung, Indonesia.
Hayati, N., Purwani, R., & Kadir, A. (2014). Preferensi masyarakat terhadap makanan berbahan baku sagu (Metroxylon sagu Rootb) sebagai alternatif sumber karbohidrat di Kabupaten Luwu dan Luwu Utara Sulawesi Selatan. Jurnal Penelitian Sosial dan Ekonomi Kehutanan, 11, 82–90.
Haryanto, B., & Pangloli, P. (1992). Potensi dan pemanfaatan sagu. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Kanisius
Konuma, H. (2018). Status and outlook of global food security and the role of underutilized food resources: sago palm. In H. Ehara, Y. Toyoda, & D. Johnson (Eds.), Sago palm. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5269-9_1
Konuma, H., Rolle, R., & Boromthanarat, S. (2012). Color characteristics of sago starch as they relate to the growth environment of the sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Robb). Journal of Agricultural Technology, 8, 273–287.
Limbongan, J. (2007). Morfologi beberapa jenis sagu potensial di Papua. Jurnal Litbang Pertanian, 26, 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/bp.v17n2.2016.115-125
Murod, M., Kusmana, C., Bintoro, M. H., Widiatmaka, & Hilmi, E. (2019). Strategy of sago management sustainability to support food security in Regency of Meranti Islands, Riau Province, Indonesia. AAB Bioflux, 11, 1–20.
Mustamu, Y. A., Barias, F. O. P., Tan, T., Suparno, A., & Budiyanto, Y. S. (2021). Keragaan dan keragaman genetik 9 jenis sagu (Metroxylon spp) di Kabupaten Biak Numfor Provinsi Papua. Agriprima, 5, 150–158. https://doi.org/10.25047/agriprima.v5i2.435
Nabeya, K., Nakamura, S., Nakamura, T., Fujii, A., Watanabe, M., Nakajima, T., Nitta, Y., & Goto, Y. (2015). Growth behavior of sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) fro transplantation to trunk formation. Plant Production Science, 18, 209–217. https://doi.org/10.1626/pps.18.209
Naim, H. M., Yaakub, A. N., & Hamdan, D. A. A. (2016). Commercialization of sago through estate plantation scheme in Sarawak: The way forward. International Journal of Agronomy, 2016, 8319542. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/8319542
Nakamura, S., Nitta, Y., Watanabe, M., & Goto, Y. (2005). Analysis of leaflet shape and area for improvement of leaf area estimation method for sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.). Plant Production Science, 8, 27–31. https://doi.org/10.1626/pps.8.27
Nakamura, S., Nitta, Y., Watanabe, M., & Goto, Y. (2009). A method for estimating sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) leaf area after trunk formation. Plant Production Science, 12, 58–62. https://doi.org/10.1626/pps.12.58
Novarianto, H., Maskromo, I., Tulalo, M. A., Tenda, E. T., Kumaunang, J., Pandin, D. S., & Mawardi, S. (2020). Karakteristik dan potensi produksi pati varietas sagu bestari. Buletin Palma, 21, 29–37. https://doi.org/10.21082/bp.v21n1.2020.29-37
Novarianto, H., Tulalo, M.A., Kumaunang, J., & Indrawanto, C. (2014). Varietas unggul sagu Selatpanjang Meranti. Buletin Palma, 15, 47–55. https://doi.org/10.21082/bp.v15n1.2014.47-55
Nurulhaq, M. I., Bintoro, M. H., & Supijatno. (2022). Morphology and starch production potential of sago palm found in Village Haripau, East Mimika Subdistrict, Mimika, Papua Province, Indonesia. Journal of Tropical Crop Science, 9, 31–38. https://doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.9.01.31-38
Pasolon, Y.B. (2015). Environment, growth and biomass production of sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.): A case study from Halmahera, Papua and Kendari. International Journal of Sustainable Tropical Agriculture Science, 2, 97–104.
[Pemda] Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Lingga. (2016). Rencana pembangunan jangka menengah daerah 2016-2021. Lingga: Pemerintah Kabupaten Lingga.
Pratama, A. J., Bintoro, M. H., & Trikoesoemaningtyas. (2018). Variability and relationship analysis of sago accessions from natural population of Papua based on morphological characters. SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics, 50, 461–474.
Pudjihastuti, I., Sumardiono, S., Supriyo, E., & Kusumayanti, H. (2019). Analog rice characteristics made from sago flour and arrowroot flour in supporting food diversification. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2114, 030004. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5112408
Pue, A. G., Fletcher, M. T., Blaney, B., Greenhill, A. R., Warner, J. M., Latifa, A., & Ng, J. C. (2018). Addressing food insecurity in Papua New Guinea through food safety and sago cropping. In H. Ehara, Y. Toyoda, & D. Johnson (Eds.), Sago palm. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5269-9_9
Putri, A. A. K., Fatriani, & Satriadi, T. (2019). Pemanfaatan pohon sagu (Metroxylon sp) dan kualitas pati sagu dari Desa Salimuran Kecamatan Kusan Hilir Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu Kalimantan Selatan. Jurnal Sylva Scienteae, 2, 1082–1093. https://doi.org/10.20527/jss.v2i6.1907
Rembon, F. S., Pasolon, Y. B., Yamamoto, Y., & Yoshida, T. (2014). Comparative studies on physicochemical properties of the mineral soils in the major sago-palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) growing areas of Eastern Indonesia. International Journal of Sustainable Tropical Agriculture Science, 1, 77–92.
Sato, T., Yamaguchi, T., & Takamura, T. (1979). Cultivation, harvesting and processing of sago palm. Japanese Journal of Tropical Agriculture, 23(3), 130–136.
Schuiling, D. L. (2009). Growth and development of true sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottboll) with special reference to accumulation of starch in the trunk: A study on morphology, genetic variation and ecophysiology, and their implications for cultivation [dissertation]. Wageningen: Wageningen University.
Selvarajan, E., Veena, R., & Kumar, N. M. (2018). Polyphenol oxidase, beyond enzyme browning. In J. Singh, D. Sharma, G. Kumar, & N. Sharma (Eds.), Microbial bioprospecting for sustainable development. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0053-0_10
Shankar, U. (2001). A case of high tree diversity in a sal (Shorea robusta) dominated lowland forest of Eastern Himalaya: Floristic composition, regeneration and conservation. Current Science, 81, 776–786.
Authors
Primadhika Al Manar, ZuhudE. A. M., Nuri Andarwulan, & Mochamad Hasjim Bintoro. (2023). Morphological Characteristics and Potential of Sago (Metroxylon spp.) in Lingga Regency, Riau Islands, Indonesia. Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika, 29(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.7226/jtfm.29.1.11
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