STRATEGI KEBIJAKAN PEMANFAATAN HASIL HUTAN BUKAN KAYU DI ZONA TRADISIONAL TAMAN NASIONAL UJUNG KULON
Abstract
Taman Nasional dikelola dengan sistem zonasi. Zona tradisional merupakan zona lainnya yang Sumber Daya Alam (SDA) dapat dimanfaatkan secara turun temurun. Pemanfaatan SDA berupa Hasil Hutan Bukan Kayu (HHBK) tidak terlepas dari adanya persoalan terkait akses. Faktor yang mempengaruhi akses kawasan adalah kebijakan yang terkait dalam pengelolaan Taman Nasional (TN). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kebijakan akses zona tradisional yang berada di Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon (TNUK) dan mengidentifikasi aktor yang mempunyai pengaruh dan kepentingan dalam pengelolaan Taman Nasional (TN). Data penelitian dianalisis secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kedudukan masyarakat dalam pengaturan pemanfaatan HHBK oleh masyarakat sudah diatur dalam perundang-undangan. Dalam PP 28 tahun 2011 pasal 35 bahwa pemanfaatan tradisional berupa pemungutan HHBK, budidaya terbatas, dan perburuan tradisional terbatas. Namun akses yang diberikan kepada masyarakat masih bersifat tertulis dalam peraturan tanpa implementasi yang jelas. Aktor yang mempunyai pengaruh dan kepentingan yang tinggi berdasarkan self assesment dan penilaian aktor lainnya adalah Kementerian Kehutanan dan Lingkungan Hidup (KLHK). KLHK mempunyai peran yang sangat berpengaruh karena perumus kebijakan, serta mempunyai program-program di dalam kawasan.
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