Pengetahuan Etnobotani Suku Manggarai dan Implikasinya Terhadap Pemanfaatan Tumbuhan Hutan di Pegunungan Ruteng

  • Elisa Iswandono
  • Ervizal Amir Muhammad Zuhud
  • Agus Hikmat
  • Nandi Kosmaryandi
Keywords: ethnobotany knowledge, forest plant, Manggarai tribe, Ruteng, traditional

Abstract

Ruteng mountains are inhabited by the tribe Manggarai. Local community in the mountains of Ruteng have ethnobotany knowledge in utilization forest plant to meet their needs. Loss of traditional knowledge would have negative impacts on forest resources, because the indigenous people would have less knowledge on sustainable ways to manage the existing forest resources so that a research is required to identify the status of traditional knowledge. This study aims to analyze the level of knowledge of ethnobotany, retention rate, and the rate of change of the annual retention on the indigenous people in the Ruteng mountains. The research was conducted in the Kampung Mano, Lerang, and Wae Rebo, Manggarai District within the Province of Nusa Tenggara Timur in the period of July-December 2014. Data was obtained through Focus Group Discussion (FGD), semi-structured interviews with 90 respondent, and in-depth interviews. Data obtained were analyzed for the level of ethnobotany knowledge, ethnobotany retention index, and testing the significance of the factors that affect the level of knowledge with Kruskal Wallis test and Man Whitney. The results of the study shows that the Manggarai communities in the Mountains of Ruteng have local knowledge to meet daily needs, especially food, and medicine through the utilization of forest plant. The level of ethnobotany knowledge is high because they use forest plants, practice traditional rituals, and inheritance knowledge. The ethnobotany knowledge of young generation decreased which can give negatif impact to forest conservation.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Elisa Iswandono
Balai Besar Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Jl. S.K. Lerik, Kelapa Lima, Kupang 85228
Ervizal Amir Muhammad Zuhud
Departemen Konservasi Sumber Daya Hutan dan Ekowisata, Fakultas Kehutanan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680
Agus Hikmat
Departemen Konservasi Sumber Daya Hutan dan Ekowisata, Fakultas Kehutanan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680
Nandi Kosmaryandi
Departemen Konservasi Sumber Daya Hutan dan Ekowisata, Fakultas Kehutanan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680

References

Amusa TO, Jimoh SO, Aridanzi P, Haruna M. 2010. Ethnobotany and Conservation of Plant Resources of Kainji National Park, Nigeria. Ethnobotany Research and Application. 8(1): 181-194.

Anderson PJ, Putz FE. 2002. Harvesting and Conservation: are Both Possible for the Palm, Iriartea deltoidea?. Forest Ecology and Management. 170(1-3): 271-283. http://doi.org/bfvrww

Anderson EN, Pearsal DM, Hunn ES, Turner JN. 2011. Ethnobiology. New Jersey (US): John Wiley & Sons Inc. http://doi.org/b64rhw

Baird IG, Dearden P. 2003. Biodiversity conservation and resource tenure regimes: a case study from northeast Cambodia. Environmental Management. 32(5): 541-550. http://doi.org/cx5vnc

Boesi A. 2014. Traditional Knowledge of Wild Food Plants in a few Tibetan Communities. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicie. 10(75): 1-19. http://doi.org/72v

Cotton CM. 1996. Ethnobotany: principles and applications. New York (US): John Wiley & Sons Inc.

Cristancho S, Vining J. 2004. Culturally defined keystone species. Human Ecology Review. 11(2): 153-164.

Garcia VR, Gueze M, Luz AC, Galvez JP, Marcia MJ, Martinez MO, Pino J, Campillo XR. 2013. Evidence of Traditional Knowledge Loss among a Contemporary Indigenous Society. Evolution and Human Behavior. 34(4): 249-257. http://doi.org/ 5v2

Garibaldi A, Turner N. 2004. Culturally keystone species: implications for ecological conservation and restoration. Ecology and Society. 9(3): 1-18.

Gueze M. 2011. Evaluation of tree diversity and utilization: the role of acculturation, a case study in the Bolivian Amazon. [Disertasi]. Barcelona (ES): Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona.

Hidayati S. 2013. Analisis Penerapan Pengetahuan Etnobotani Masyarakat Baduy dalam Ketahanan Pangan. [Tesis]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Humaedi MA. 2014. Tradisi Pelestarian Hutan Masyarakat Adat Tau Taa Vana di Tojo Una Una Sulawesi Tengah. Jurnal Penelitian Hutan dan Konservasi Alam. 11(1): 91-111.

Iswandono E. 2007. Analisis Pemanfaatan dan Potensi Sumber Daya Tumbuhan di Taman Wisata Alam Ruteng, Nusa Tenggara Timur. [Tesis]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Junior P, Sato M. 2005. Ethnoecology and Conservation in Protected Natural Areas: Incorporating Local Knowledge in Superagui National Park Management. Brazilian Journal of Biology. 65(1): 117-127. http://doi.org/cx5vnc

MacKinnon J, MacKinnon K, Child G, Thorsell J. 1990. Pengelolaan Kawasan yang Dilindungi di Daerah Tropika. Yogyakarta (ID): Gadjah Mada Univ. Pr.

Minnis. 2000. Ethnobotany. Oklahoma (US): Univ. Oklahoma Pr.

Muhumuza M, Balkwill K. 2013. Factors Affecting the Success of Conserving Biodiversity in National Park: Review Case Studies from Africa. International Journal of Biodiversity. 2013(1): 1-20. http://doi.org/5v3

Negi CS. 2010. Traditional Culture and Biodiversity Conservation: Examples From Uttarakhand, Central Himalaya. Mountain Research and Development. 30(3): 259-265. http://doi.org/ bf687w

Odum EP. 1971. Fundamentals of Ecology. London (GB): W.B. Saunders Company.

Pei SJ, Zhang G, Huai H. 2009. Application of Traditional Knowledge in Forest Management: Ethnobotanical Indicator of Sustainable Forest Use. Forest Ecology and Management. 257(10): 2017-2021. http://doi.org/cmpdz9

Pei SJ. 2013. Ethnobotany and Sustainable Use of Biodiversity. Plant and Diversity Resources. 35(4): 401-406.

Phillips O, Gentry AH. 1993a. The useful plants of Tambopata. Peru. I. Statistical hypothesis tests with a new quantitative technique. Economic Botany. 47(1): 15-32. http://doi.org/bh55dd

Phillips O, Gentry AH. 1993b. The useful plants of Tambopata. Peru. II. Additional hypothesis testing in quantitative ethnobotany. Economic Botany. 47(1): 33-43. http://doi.org/b6q5m4

Purnomo, Daryono BS, Rugayah, Sumardi I. 2012. Studi Etnobotani Dioscorea spp. (Dioscoreaceae) dan Kearifan Budaya Lokal Masyarakat di Sekitar Hutan Wonosadi Gunung Kidul Yogyakarta. Natur Indonesia. 14(3): 191-198.

Rai PK, Lalramnghinglova H. 2010. Lesser known plants of Mizoram, Nort East India: An Indo-Burma hotspot region. Journal of Medicinal Plants Resources. 4(13): 1301-1307.

Rist L, Shaanker RU, Gulland EJM, Ghazoul J. 2010. The Use of Traditional Ecological Knowledge in Forest Management: an Example from India. Ecology and Society. 15(1): 3.

Saka NT. 2001. Etnobotani Sirih Pinang dalam Kehidupan Suku Ruteng di Kabupaten Manggarai. [Tesis]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Simbolon H. 1998. Structure and Species Composition of the Forest in Ruteng Nature Recreation Park, Flores Island. Bogor (ID): LIPI.

Steenis CGGJ, Hoed D, Bloembergen S, Eyma PJ. 1978. Flora untuk Sekolah di Indonesia. Jakarta (ID): PT Pradnya Paramita.

Suansa NI. 2011. Penggunaan Pengetahuan Etnobotani dalam Pengelolaan Hutan Adat Baduy. [Skripsi]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Sugiyono 2010. Metode Penelitian Administrasi. Bandung (ID): CV Alfabeta.

Turner NJ, Luczaj LJ, Migliorini P, Pieroni A, Dreon AL, Sacchetti LE, Paoletti MG. 2011. Edible and Tended Wild Plants. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences. 30(1): 198-225. http://doi.org/cjgmh8

Vasques AS, Caballero J, Meave JA, Chiang F. 2013. Cultural Change and Loss of Ethnoecological Knowledge among the Isthmus Zapotecs of Mexico. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicie. 9(40): 1-10. http://doi.org/5v4

Verheijen JAJ. 1977. Logat Nama-nama Tumbuhan di Manggarai-Flores. Ruteng (ID): Regio SVD.

Wawo AH. 1998. An Ethnobotanical Study of People Around Ruteng Nature Recreation Park, Flores Island. Bogor (ID): LIPI.

Wiriadinata 1998. Floristic Distribution of Ruteng Nature Recreation Park. Bogor (ID): LIPI.

Zent S. 2009. Methodology for Developing a Vitality index of Traditional Environmental Knowledge (VITEK). Caracas (VE): Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cientificas.

Zhang LL, Zhang Y, Wang L, Wang YH. 2013. An Ethnobotanical Study of Tradisional Edible Plants Used by Naxi People in Nortwest Yunnan, China. Plant and Diversity Resources. 35(4): 479-486.

Zuhud EAM, Sofyan K, Prasetyo LB, Kartodihardjo H. 2007. Sikap Masyarakat dan Konservasi: suatu analisis kedawung (Parkia timoriana (DC) Merr.) sebagai stimulus tumbuhan obat bagi masyarakat, kasus di Taman Nasional Meru Betiri, Jawa Timur. Media Konservasi. 12(1): 22-32.

Zuhud EAM. 2011. Pengembangan Desa Konservasi Hutan Keanekaragaman Hayati untuk Mendukung Kedaulatan Pangan dan Obat Keluarga (POGA) Indonesia dalam Menghadapi Ancaman Krisis Baru Ekonomi Dunia di Era Globalisasi. Orasi Ilmiah Guru Besar IPB. Bogor (ID).

Published
2017-10-09
How to Cite
IswandonoE., ZuhudE. A. M., HikmatA., & KosmaryandiN. (2017). Pengetahuan Etnobotani Suku Manggarai dan Implikasinya Terhadap Pemanfaatan Tumbuhan Hutan di Pegunungan Ruteng. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 20(3), 171-181. https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.20.3.171

Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 3 4 > >>