Identification of Campylobacter jejuni from Pig Feces in Kupang City, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Identification of Campylobacter jejuni from Pig Fecal Samples in Kupang City
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Background: Campylobacteriosis is a foodborne zoonotic disease caused by Campylobacter spp., recognized as one of the leading causes of gastroenteritis in humans worldwide. The presence of Campylobacter jejuni in pigs represents a potential public health concern due to its zoonotic transmission through contaminated food products.
Aims: This study aimed to isolate and identify Campylobacter jejuni in pigs raised on pig farms in Kupang City using microbiological and biochemical confirmation methods.
Methods: A total of 10 fecal samples were collected from clinically healthy pigs, consisting of three samples from one commercial farm and seven samples from seven different household farms. Colonization rates were determined using the Most Probable Number (MPN) method, followed by microscopic identification based on Gram staining and Hippurate hydrolysis confirmation testing to distinguish Campylobacter jejuni from other Campylobacter species.
Results: The MPN test demonstrated that all samples showed Campylobacter sp. growth on mCCDA selective media, characterized by grayish-white colonies spreading across the media surface, with MPN indices ranging from 95 to >1898 MPN/g. Microscopic examination revealed spiral-shaped, Gram-negative bacteria consistent with Campylobacter spp. Hippurate hydrolysis confirmation tests produced dark purple discoloration in all suspected isolates, confirming positive identification of Campylobacter jejuni. The findings indicated a 100% prevalence (10/10) of Campylobacter jejuni in the pig fecal samples examined.
Conclusion: The study confirmed the presence of Campylobacter jejuni in pigs raised on farms in Kupang City, highlighting the potential zoonotic risk associated with pig farming. These findings emphasize the importance of surveillance and control measures to prevent the spread of campylobacteriosis and protect public health.
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