Dampak Cuaca Ekstrim terhadap Kehampaan Genotipe Padi: Pengantar Manajemen Produksi Berbasis Iklim

Abstract

Sterility in rice genotypes associated with strong wind and high rainfall incidents is still rarely studied in Indonesia. The study aimed to evaluate the sterility level of rice genotypes to the wind and rainfall treatments during the generative stage. The research was conducted at the Leuwikopo IPB Experimental Station, Bogor, Indonesia in October 2017-January 2018 using plants grown in a container 13.9 L. Genotypes of Ciapus, Fatmawati, HIPA 6, Inpari 10, and Way Apo Buru (WAB) were treated with wind of 10-40 km h-1 (07.00-17.00 WIB) using axial fan and rain about 100 mm h-1 (Rain_712, 07.00-12.00 WIB, and Rain_717, 07.00-17.00 WIB) using sprinklers in the early generative phase for two weeks. Wind and rain treatments increased the number of rice sterility, and the degree of sterility depended on the genotype. In general, plants receiving rain treatment at 07.00-17.00 had a higher percentage of empty unhulled grain than 07.00-12.00, especially for WAB. WAB was sensitive to rainfall, while Ciapus, HIPA 6, and Inpari 10 were more sensitive to wind. The Fatmawati genotype seemed more resistant to both wind and rainfall treatment than the other genotypes. Research shows the need to select rice genotypes to minimize the sterility of wind and high rainfall stress.

Keywords: climate change adaptation, precipitation, Oryza sativa, smart climate, strong wind