ANALISIS JEJARING DAN KONEKTIVITAS SISTEM SOSIAL–EKOLOGI PERIKANAN LOBSTER DI PESISIR KABUPATEN PANGANDARAN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29244/jkebijakan.v13i1.71284Kata Kunci:
Jejaring, Konektivitas, Lobster, Pangandaran, SESAbstrak
Perairan Kabupaten Pangandaran salah satu wilayah potensial penyebaran lobster. Kegiatan penangkapan lobster yang berlebihan saat ini akan berdampak secara ekologi, sosial dan ekonomi, apabila tidak dikelola dengan baik. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, perlu dilakukan analisis jejaring dan konektivitas Social–Ecological Systems (SES) perikanan lobster sehingga arah kebijakan pemanfaatan lobster dapat berkelanjutan. Analisis jejaring dan konektivitas dibentuk dengan berbagai pendekatan pengumpulan dan pengolahan data terutama melalui pendekatan system scoping, diagnostic analysis, dan social - ecological network analysis. Ada tiga tahapan dalam analisis jejaring dan konektivitas SES perikanan lobster yang dilakukan, yaitu memetakan domain, kemudian memetakan interaksi serta mengukur konektivitas. Pemetaan domain memberikan pemahaman komprehensif mengenai struktur, interaksi, dan keterkaitan antara komponen sosial dan komponen ekologi. Pemetaan interaksi menghasilkan jejaring tidak begitu padat dengan struktur jejaring yang menunjukkan pola acak. Variabel kunci yang paling mempengaruhi keberlanjutan sumber daya lobster adalah stok lobster, aktivitas penangkapan, kualitas air dan musim penangkapan yang merupakan inti dari jejaring. Berdasarkan betweenness centrality yang menjadi perantara utama dalam sebuah jejaring yaitu lobster dengan aktivitas penangkapannya, sedangkan pengepul besar yang merupakan aktor kunci.
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