Status Terkini Penyakit Tristeza Pada Tanaman Jeruk di Sulawesi Tenggara
Current Status of Citrus Tristeza Disease in Southeast Sulawesi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.21.1.28-37Keywords:
citrus tristeza virus, closterovirus, DAS-ELISA, epidemiology, RT-PCRAbstract
Current Status of Citrus Tristeza Disease in Southeast Sulawesi
Tristeza disease, caused by citrus tristeza virus (CTV), a member of genus Closterovirus, family Closteroviridae, is one of the economically important diseases on citrus worldwide, including Indonesia. To date, information and research on CTV in Indonesia remain limited. This study aims to assess the current status of CTV infection in Indonesia, especially in Southeast Sulawesi Province. Surveys and sample collections were conducted using a purposive sampling method in four regencies of Southeast Sulawesi Province. Virus detection and identification was carried out using double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA), reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and nucleotide sequence analysis. The result of the ELISA showed that all tested samples with various symptoms from four regencies are positively infected with CTV at different virus titers. Furthermore, RT-PCR also successfully detected CTV across the tested samples with DNA amplicon of 630 bp in size. Nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that Southeast Sulawesi CTV isolates shared the highest similarity (97.9%) with isolates of CTV from India (MT498411.1) and are clustered in one group with isolates from India (MT498411.1), Japan (U56902.1), dan China (MZ692538.1). The results of this study confirmed the presence and spread of CTV in Southeast Sulawesi. The molecular data are expected to be used as the basis data for further molecular epidemiological studies and disease control of tristeza in Indonesia.
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