Keefektifan Tumbuhan Rorippa indica sebagai Biofumigan untuk Pengendalian Nematoda Puru Akar pada Tanaman Mentimun: Effectiveness of Rorippa indica as a Biofumigant for Controlling Root Knot Nematodes on Cucumber Plants

Muhammad Willy Bramasta; Supramana; Abdul Munif

doi:10.14692/jfi.20.6.295-304

Authors

Muhammad Willy Bramasta Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University
Supramana Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University
Abdul Munif Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.20.6.295-304

Keywords:

juvenile, Meloidogyne incognita, nematicides, terpenoid

Abstract

Effectiveness of Rorippa indica as a Biofumigant for Controlling Root Knot Nematodes on Cucumber Plants

Meloidogyne spp. are important plant parasitic nematodes, causing disease symptoms such as root knot, stunting, yellowing of leaves, and wilting. Botanical nematicides have potential as a method for nematode control. This study aimed to determine the potential of Rorippa indica as a biofumigant in controlling root knot nematodes (Meloidogyne incognita). The biofumigation experiment was conducted in two stages, i.e. a laboratory experiment and a greenhouse experiment with a 14-day incubation period to initiate the biofumigation process. The laboratory experiment used polybags containing 100 g of soil infested with 100 juvenile 2 (J2) M. incognita before the biofumigation treatment. Stem fragments, leaves, and all plant parts of R. indica were mixed into the polybags at weights of 1.3, 2.3, and 3.9 g, respectively, as treatments. A greenhouse experiment was conducted by adding 150 g of R. indica cuttings per polybag containing 3 kg of soil infested with 300 J2 of M. incognita. Cucumber plants, 7 days after sowing, were transferred into biofumigated polybags and observed for 6 weeks. The results showed that biofumigation using R. indica on a laboratory scale was effective in reducing nematode populations by 87%. Meanwhile, at the greenhouse scale, it caused a significant difference in gall formation compared to the control treatment. This is related to the results of the GC-MS analysis which showed terpenoid content in the R. indica extract. The R. indica treatment significantly increased cucumber plant growth compared to the control.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Carrillo-Fasio JA, Angúlo-Castro A, Martinez-Gallardo JA, Ayala-Tafoya F, Yáñez-Juárez MG, Retes-Manjarrez JE. 2020. Distribution and incidence of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) on pepper in Sinaloa, Mexico. Tropical Plant Pathology. 46:195–200. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-020-00400-6.

Chotimah, H, Kresnatita S, Miranda Y. 2013. Ethnobotanical study and nutrient content of indigenous vegetables consumed in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas. 14(2):106–111. DOI: http://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d140209.

Dahlin P, Eder R, Consoli E, Krauss J, Kiewnick S. 2019. Integrated control of Meloidogyne incognita in tomatoes using fluopyram and Purpureocillium lilacinum strain 251. Crop Protection. 124:104874. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2019.104874.

Dutta TK, Khan MR, Phani V. 2019. Plant-parasitic nematode management via biofumigation using brassica and non-brassica plant: current status and future prospects. Current Plant Biology. 17:17–32. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpb.2019.02.001.

Eisenback JD. 1981. Nematology. Virginia (VA): Mactode Publication.

He Q, Wang D, Li B, Maqsood A, Wu H. 2020. Nematicidal evaluation and active compounds isolation of Aspergillus japonicus ZW1 against root-knot nematodes Meloiodgyne incognita. Agronomy. 10(9):1–16. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10091222.

Hura T, Dziurka M, Hura K, Ostrowska A, Dziurka K, Gadzinowska J. 2017. Wheat and rye genome confer specific phytohormone profile features and interplay under water stress in two phenotypes of triticale. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 118:494–509. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.07.016.

Hutagalung L. 1988. Teknik Ekstraksi dan Membuat Preparat Nematoda Parasit Tumbuhan. Jakarta (ID): Rajawali Press.

Ibrahim AY, Supramana, Giyanto. 2022. Effect of Brassicaceae waste application on soil nematode community. Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia. 26(2):175–183. DOI: http://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.75321.

Illing I, Sukarti, Rustam F. 2021. Identifikasi senyawa metabolit sekunder ekstrak etanol daun pecut kuda (Stachytarpheta jamaicensis L.) menggunakan GC-MS. Cokroaminoto Journal of Chemical Science. 3(2):13–16.

Iqbal TM. 2019. Aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol dan profil metabolit sekunder tanaman kembang telang (Clitoria ternatea) [skripsi]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor

Kusumarini N, Sayifudin, Kautsar FD, Syekhfani. 2020. Peran bahan organik dalam menurunkan dampak paparan pestisida terhadap kesuburan tanah dan serapan hara tanaman sawi. Jurnal Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan. 7(1):127–133. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtsl.2020.007.1.16.

Mirsam H, Masluki, Mutmainnah. 2018. Pengaruh senyawa biofumigan dari limbah kubis-kubisan terhadap penurunan konsentrasi spora Phytophthora palmivora dan peningkatan pertumbuhan bibit kakao. Jurnal Elektronik Universitas Cokroaminoto. (3)1:326–352.

Monfort WS, Csinos AS, Desaeger J, Seebold K, Webster TM, Diaz-Perez JC. 2007. Evaluating Brassica species as an alternative control measure for root-knot nematode (M. incognita) in Georgia vegetable plastic culture. Crop Protection. 26(9):1359–1368. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2006.11.008.

Noer S, Pratiwi RD, Gresinta E. 2018. Penetapan kadar senyawa fitokimia (tanin, saponin dan flavonoid sebagai kuersetin) pada ekstrak daun inggu (Ruta angustifolia L). Eksakta: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu MIPA. 1(18):19–29. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20885/eksakta.vol18.iss1.art3.

Nur MJ. 2016. Keefektifan limbah tanaman Brassicaceae sebagai pengendali nematoda puru akar (Meloidogyne spp.) pada skala mikroplot di lapangan [tesis]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Ramesh A, Nandi A, Devanathan S, Jayaraman L, Sivaji S. 2023. Anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and antimicrobial activities of the phytochemicals isolated from various parts of broccoli wastes. Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Experimental Therapeutics. 6(1):67–83. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5455/jabet.2023.d107.

Rosya A. 2015. Keefektifan limbah brassicaceae sebagai biofumigan dalam pengendalian nematoda puru akar (Meloidogyne spp.) pada tanaman tomat [tesis]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Sefina N, Chatri M, Advinda L, Putri DH. 2025. Literatur review: Senyawa aktif tumbuhan yang efektif sebagai pestisida nabati untuk pengendalian tanaman. Jurnal Biosense. 8(1):62–75. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36526/biosense.v8i1.5028.

Setyo U, Sudjindro, Purwati RD. 2009. Variasi ketahanan genotipe kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) terhadap nematoda puru akar (Meloidogyne incognita). Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri. 15(2):60–65. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21082/jlittri.v15n2.2009.60-65.

Sikandar A, Zhang MY, Wang YY, Zhu XF, Liu XY. Fan HY, Xuan YH, Chen LJ, Duan YX. 2020. Review article: Meloidogyne incognita (root nematode) a risk to agriculture. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research. 18(1):1679–1690. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1801_16791690.

Subedi S, Thapa B, Shresta J. 2020. Root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) and its management: a review. Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources. 3(2):21–31. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3126/janr.v3i2.32298.

Supramana, Suastika G. 2012. Spesies nematoda puru Akar (Meloidogyne spp.) yang berasosiasi dengan penyakit umbi bercabang pada wortel: penyakit baru di Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia. 17(2):108-112.

Touray M, Cimen H, Gulsen SH, Ulug D, Erdogus D, Ilan DS, Hazir S. 2021. The impact of chemical nematicides on entomopathogenic nematode survival and infectivity. Journal of Nematology. 53(1):1–17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2021-049.

Wendimu GY. 2021. Biology, taxonomy, and management of the root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) in sweet potato. Advances in Agriculture. 2021:1–13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8820211.