Frozen Semen Characteristics of Limousin Bull at Different Ages
Abstract
Strategies to increase the population and productivity of beef cattle can be implemented through reproductive management, such as artificial insemination (AI) using frozen semen. This study aims to evaluate the characteristics of frozen semen of Limousin bulls of different ages, which can still be used for insemination programs up to 12 years of age. This study used frozen semen of Limousin bulls ages 3, 8, and 12 years produced in 2021 at the Artificial Insemination Center in Singosari, East Java Province, Indonesia. Five bulls from each different age group were used for replication. Computer-assisted sperm analysis was used to determine sperm motility, viability, and abnormalities using eosin–nigrosine staining. Plasma membrane integrity was analyzed using the hypoosmotic swelling test. The acrosomes’ integrity was evaluated using FITC-PNA-PI, protamine deficiency using chromomycin A3, and DNA fragmentation testing using the acridine orange fluorescent technique. The results showed that the parameters of sperm motility, viability, abnormality, plasma membrane integrity, and protamine deficiency showed no significant differences in all age groups. The kinematic parameters (straightness and beat cross frequency) of the 3-year-old group were significantly higher (p<0.05) compared with those of the other groups. Parameters of acrosome integrity showed a higher prevalence in the 3-year-old group compared with those of the other groups. Furthermore, the DNA fragmentation of the 12-year-old group was significantly higher (p<0.05) compared with that of the other groups. The research concludes that increasing the age of Limousin bulls can reduce acrosome integrity and DNA fragmentation.
References
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Iskandar, H., G. Andersson, H. Sonjaya, R. I. Arifiantini, S. Said, H. Hasbi, T. Maulana, & A. Baharun. 2023. Protein identification of seminal plasma in Bali bull (Bos javanicus). Animals 13:514. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13030514
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Iskandar, H., H. Sonjaya, R. I. Arifiantini, & H. Hasbi. 2022. Correlation between semen quality, libido, and testosterone concentration in Bali bulls. J. Ilmu. Ter. Vet. 27:57-64. https://doi.org/10.14334/jitv.v27i2.2981
Ismaya, I. 2014. Biotechnology of Artificial Insemination on Cattle and Buffalo. UGM Press, Yogyakarta.
Jha, P. K., M. G. S. Alam, M. A. A. Mansur, M. R. I. Talukder, N. Naher, A. K. M. A. Rahman, D. C. Hall, & F. Y. Bakri. 2020. Effects of number of frozen-thawed ram sperm and number of inseminations on fertility in synchronized ewes under field condition. J. Anim. Reprod. Biotech. 35:190-197. https://doi.org/10.12750/JARB.35.2.190
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Kumaresan, A., M. D. Gupta, T. K. Datta, & J. M. Morrell. 2020. Sperm DNA integrity and male fertility in farm animals: A review. Front Vet. Sci. 7:321. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2020.00321
Loux, S. C., B. Macias-Garcia, L. Gonzalez-Fernandez, H. D. Canesin, D. D. Varner, & K. Hinrichs. 2014. Regulation of axonemal motility in demembranated equine sperm. Biol. Reprod. 91:1–16. https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod.114.122804
Magdanz, V., S. Boryshpolets, C. Ridzewski, B. Eckel, & K. Reinhardt. 2019. The motility-based swim-up technique separates bull sperm based on differences in metabolic rates and tail length. PLoS ONE 14:e0223576. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223576
Mariadassou, M., Y. Ramayo-Caldas, M. Charles, M. Femenia, G. Renand, & D. Rocha. 2020. Detection of selection signatures in Limousin cattle using whole genome resequencing. Anim. Gen. 51:5. https://doi.org/10.1111/age.12982
Massanyi, P., P. Chrenek, N. Lukac, A. V. Makarevich, A. Ostro, J. Zivcak, & J. Bulla. 2008. Comparison of different evaluation chambers for analysis of rabbit spermatozoa motility parameters using CASA system. Slovak. J. Anim. Sci. 41:60-66.
Melita, D. & M. Adam. 2014. The effect of bull age and ejaculation frequency on quality of Aceh bull spermatozoa. J. Med. Vet. 8:15-19. https://doi.org/10.21157/j.med.vet..v8i1.3323
Oberoi, S. L. B., S. V. A. S. Kumar, & C. P. Talwar. 2014. Study of human sperm motility post cryopreservation. Med. J. Armed Forces India 70:349-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mjafi.2014.09.006
Oldenhof, H., M. Gojowsky, S. Wang, S. Henke, C. Yu, K. Rohn, W. F. Wolkers, & H. Sieme. 2013. Osmotic stress and membrane phase changes during freezing of stallion sperm: Mode of action of cryoprotective agents. Biol. Reprod. 88:1-11. https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod.112.104661
Rahman, M. S., W-S. Kwon, & M-G. Pang. 2017. Prediction of male fertility using capacitation-associated proteins in spermatozoa. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 84: 749-759. https://doi.org/10.1002/mrd.22810
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Authors
BaharunA., SetiawanA. B., RahmiA., IskandarH., GunawanM., AnwarS., MaulanaT., KaiinE. M., & SaidS. (2023). Frozen Semen Characteristics of Limousin Bull at Different Ages. Tropical Animal Science Journal, 46(3), 306-312. https://doi.org/10.5398/tasj.2023.46.3.306
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