Production Potential and Quality of Panicum maximum Cultivars Established in a Semi-Arid Environment
Abstract
This study was conducted to examine the forage production potential and quality of Panicum maximum cultivars in a semi-arid environment, in four different periods. Six cultivars were evaluated: Aruana, Massai, Mombasa, BRS Tamani, Tanzania, and BRS Zuri. The experiment was laid out in a randomized-block design with four replicates, and assessments took place in four different periods (establishment, dry season, transition, and rainy season). Forage accumulation rate (FAR), chemical composition, digestibility, and in vitro rumen degradation kinetics were evaluated. There was an interaction effect between cultivars and evaluation periods for all variables, except dry matter (DM) content. The highest FAR occurred in cvs. BRS Tamani (47.0 kg DM/ha/day) and BRS Zuri (86.9 kg DM/ha/day) in the establishment and rainy periods, respectively, while cv. Aruana showed the lowest FAR (14.5 kg DM/ha/day). The highest crude protein contents were found in cv. BRS Tamani in the transition period; cv. BRS Zuri in the dry season; and cv. Tanzania in the rainy season (128.2, 116.7, and 95.0 g/kg DM, respectively). Cultivar Aruana showed the highest average in vitro dry matter digestibility (810.0 g/kg DM). Cultivars Aruana and Zuri exhibited the highest means of the total in vitro gas production (23.59 and 20.24 mL/100 mg DM, respectively). Cultivars BRS Tamani and BRS Zuri had the best response in terms of forage accumulation and nutritional value. The quality of cv. Massai remained constant throughout the year. All Panicum maximum cultivars evaluated here have the potential for use in animal production systems in a semi-arid environment.
References
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Faccin, T. C., F. Riet-Correa, F. S. Rodrigues, A. C. Santos, G. K. A. Melo, J. A. Silva, R. Ferreira, C. C. B. F. Ítavo, & R. A. A. Lemos. 2014. Poisoning by Brachiaria brizantha in flocks of naïve and experienced sheep. Toxicon. 82:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2014.02.008
FAO. 2014. World Reference Base for Soil Resources. International Soil Classification System for Naming Soils and Creating Legends for Soil Maps.
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Garcez, B. S., A. A. Alves, D. L. C. Araújo, M. S. B. Lacerda, L. G. C. Sousa, & L. F. Carvalho. 2016. Degradabilidade ruminal do capim colonião (Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. Colonião) em três idades pós-rebrota. Acta Vet. Bras. 10:130–134. https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2016.10.2.5513
Geron, L. J. V., A. A. Mexia, R. L. Cristo, J. Garcia, L. S. Cabral, R. J. Trautmann, O. S. Martins, & L. M. Zeoula. 2013. Consumo, digestibilidade dos nutrientes e características ruminais de cordeiros alimentados com níveis crescentes de concentrado em ambiente tropical no Vale do Alto Guaporé - MT. Semin. Ciênc. Agrár. 34:2497–2510. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2013v34n5p2497
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Hayashi, Y., E. Takeya, Y. Ikeno, H. Kumagai, E. M. Cruz, N. P. Garcia, D. L. Aquino, & T. Fujihara. 2021. Periodic changes in chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of locally available Gramineae feed resources in the Philippines. Trop. Anim. Health Prod. 53:123. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-021-02572-y
Holden, L. A. 1999. Comparison of methods of in vitro dry matter digestibility for ten feeds. J. Dairy Sci. 82:1791–1794. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(99)75409-3
Keba, H. T., I. C. Madakadze, A. Angassa, & A. Hassen. 2013. Nutritive value of grasses in semi-arid rangelands of Ethiopia: Local experience based herbage preference evaluation versus laboratory analysis. Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci.26:366-377. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2012.12551
Ki, K. S., S. B. Park, D. H. Lim, & S. Seo. 2017. Evaluation of the nutritional value of locally produced forage in Korea using chemical analysis and in vitro ruminal fermentation. Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci.30:355. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.16.0626
Leal, E. S., L. C. V. Ítavo, C. B. Valle, C. C. B. F. Ítavo, A. M. Dias, M. Barbosa-Ferreira, C. M. Soares, G. K. A. Melo, & V. B. N. Ferreira. 2016. Anti-nutritional potential of protodioscin and kinetics of degradation in Urochloa grasses. Semin. Ciênc. Agrár. 37:2247–2258. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2016v37n4p2247
Leal, E. S., L. C. V. Ítavo, C. B. Valle, C. C. B. F. Ítavo, A. M. Dias, G. S. Difante, M. Barbosa-Ferreira, L. M. Nonato, G. K. A. Melo, & A. L. C. Gurgel. 2020. Influence of protodioscin content on digestibility and in vitro degradation kinetics in Urochloa brizantha cultivars. Crop Pasture Sci. 71:278–284. https://doi.org/10.1071/CP18357
Lelis, D. L., L. N. Rennó, M. L. Chizzotti, C. E. R. Pereira, J. C. P. Silva, L. G. T. Moreira, F. B. P. Carvalho, & F. H. M. Chizzotti. 2018. Photosensitization in naïve sheep grazing signal grass (Brachiaria decumbens) under full sunlight or a silvopastoral system. Small Rumin. Res. 169:24–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2018.08.018
Lopes, C. M., D. S. C. Paciullo, S. A. C. Araújo, C. A. M. Gomide, M. J. F. Morenz, & S. D. J. Villela. 2017. Massa de forragem, composição morfológica e valor nutritivo de capim-braquiária submetido a níveis de sombreamento e fertilização. Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec. 69:225–223. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-9201
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Mccann, J. C., T. A. Wickersham, & J. J. Loor. 2014. High-throughput methods redefine the rumen microbiome and its relationship with nutrition and metabolism. Bioinform. Biol. Insights. 8:109–125. https://doi.org/10.4137/BBI.S15389
Melo, G. K. A., C. C. B. F. Ítavo, J. A. Silva, K. L. S. Monteiro, T. C. Faccin, R. C. Pupin, R. F. Heckler, L. C. V. Ítavo, P. C. G. Silva, P. V. Leal, & R. A. A. Lemos. 2018. Poisoning by Brachiaria spp. in suckling lambs supplemented and unsupplemented in a creep-feeding system. Small Rumin. Res. 158:30–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2017.11.014
Njarui, D. M. G., M. Gatheru, D. M. Mwangi, & G. A. Keya. 2015. Persistence and productivity of selected Guinea grass ecotypes in semiarid tropical Kenya. Grassl. Sci. 61:142–152. https://doi.org/10.1111/grs.12092
Oliveira, J. S., J. V. Emerenciano Neto, G. S. Difante, F. N. Lista, R. S. Santos, J. D. V. Bezerra, B. R. S. Bonfim, L. B. S. Milhomens, & J. S. M. Ribeiro. 2019. Structural and productive features of Panicum cultivars submitted to different rest periods in the irrigated semiarid region of Brazil. Biosci. J. 35:682–690. https://doi.org/10.14393/BJ-v35n3a2019-36402
Oliveira, L. B., E. M. Santos, L. P. Felix, R. M. A. Pinho, A. J. S. Macêdo, A. M. Zanine, A. M. R. Rufino, D. M. Pereira, & J. P. Alves. 2018. Evaluation of spontaneous species in the implementation of a Panicum maximum cv. Aruana pasture in the semi-arid region. Int. J. Agric. Biol. 20:1825–1832.
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Authors
PereiraM. de G., DifanteG. dos S., ÍtavoL. C. V., RodriguesJ. G., GurgelA. L. C., Dias A. M., ÍtavoC. C. B. F., VerasE. L. de L., da Costa A. B. G., & Monteiro G. O. de A. (2022). Production Potential and Quality of Panicum maximum Cultivars Established in a Semi-Arid Environment. Tropical Animal Science Journal, 45(3), 308-318. https://doi.org/10.5398/tasj.2022.45.3.308
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