Characteristics and Potential Production of Frozen Semen of Pasundan Bull
Abstract
Pasundan cattle are one of the Indonesian domestic resources of animal-genetic materials that need to be developed and conserved. The aims of this study were to evaluate the characteristics of sperm and the potential production of frozen semen of Pasundan bulls. Ten Pasundan bulls were divided into two groups based on their fresh sperm motilities. Pasundan bulls were grouped based on their sperm motilities into group A (70-79%) and group B (80-89%). Secondary data were collected and confirmed with the primary data. The semen volume, pH, color, consistency, mass movement, sperm concentration, motility, viability, membrane integrity, abnormality, and DNA integrity of fresh semen were evaluated. The semen was then diluted, frozen, and stored at -196°C. The results showed that the pH of the fresh semen in group B was lower (p<0.05) than group A. Sperm concentration per ejaculate showed no difference with a range of 4312.36x106 to 6303.52x106. The viability and DNA integrity of fresh semen were not different between group A (84.41±0.99%; 91.19±0.79%) and group B (86.35±2.16%; 92.58±0.35%). DNA integrity of frozen semen of group B (89.81±1.18%) was higher (p<0.05) than that of group A (86.83±0.60%). The sperm motility of frozen semen of group A (<40%) was lower compared to SNI number 4869-1:2017. The frozen semen production of Pasundan bulls was between 144.18 to 191.29 straws/ejaculate. In conclusion, only bulls from fresh-semen sperm motility 80%-89% (group B) are eligible to be used as a semen source for artificial insemination.
References
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Priyanto, L., R.I. Arifiantini, & T.L. Yusuf. 2015. Detection of sperm DNA damage infresh and frozen semen using Toluidine Blue staining. J. Vet. 16:48-55. https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/jvet/article/view/13318. [2 June 2020].
Ratnawati, D., N. Isnaini, & T. Susilawati. 2018. Character motility of liquid semen on Ongole crossbreed (PO), Bali and Madura bulls with different diluents at cold storage. Asian J. Microbiol. Biotech. Env. Sci. 20:21-28.
Samik, A., Y. Oktanella, T. Hernawati, N.M.R. Widjaja, & I.P.P. Dewanti. 2014. Additional osteopontin into frozen friesian-holsteinsemen diluter increases the expression of B-cell CII/Lymphoma-2 in post thawing sperm. J. Vet. 15: 461-466. https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/jvet/article/view/13224. [4 June 2020].
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Sorenson, Jr. A.M. 1979. Laboratory Manual for Animal Reproduction. 4th ed. American Press, Boston.
Stowe, H.M., M. Miller, M.G. Burns, S.M. Calcatera, J.G. Andrae, G.E. Aiken, F.N. Sehriek, T. Cushing, W.C. Bridges, & S.L. Pratt. 2013. Effects of fescue toxicosis on bull growth, semen characteristics, and breeding soundness evaluation. J. Anim. Sci. 91:3686-3692. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2012-6078
Sukmawati, E., R.I. Arifiantini, & B. Purwantara. 2014. Freezing capacity of sperm on various type of superior bulls. JITV. 1:168-175. https://doi.org/10.14334/jitv.v19i3.1079
Yusrina, A., N. Solihati, & N. Hilmia. 2018. Effect of globalhione-based sperm sexing processes on motility and whole chilled plasma membrane local sheep semen. J. Anim. Sci. Padjajaran Univ. 18:40-45. https://doi.org/10.24198/jit.v18i1.17307
Zhou, J., L. Chen, J. Li, H. Li, Z. Hong, M. Xie, S. Chen, B. Yao. 2015. The semen pH affects sperm motility and capacitation. PLoS ONE. 10:e0132974. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0132974
Zulyazaini, S., Dasrul, M.A. Wahyuni, & M.A.N. Abdullah. 2016. The characteristics of semen and chemical composition of the seminal plasma of Aceh cattle maintained in BIBD Saree Aceh Besar. Agripet. 16:121-130. https://doi.org/10.17969/agripet.v16i2.5803
Ajina, T., 0. Ammar, Z. Haouas, A. Sallem, L. Ezzi, I. Grissa, W. Sakly, A. Jlali, & M. Mehdi. 2017. Assessment of human sperm DNA integrity using two cytochemical tests: Acridine orange test and toluidine blue assay. Andrologia. 49:1-6. https://doi.org/10.1111/and.12765
Agarwal, A., G. Virk, C. Ong, S. S. Plessis. 2014. Effect of oxidative stress on male reproduction. World J. Mens. Health. 32:1-17. https://doi.org/10.5534/wjmh.2014.32.1.1
Arifiantini, R. I. 2012. Semen Collection and Evaluation Techniques in Animals. IPB Press, Bogor.
Baharun, A., R. I. Arifiantini, & T. L. Yusuf. 2017. Freezing capability of Pasundan bull sperm using Tris-Egg Yolk Tris-Soy and Andromed diluents. Indones. J. Vet. Sci. 11:45-49. https://doi.org/10.21157/j.ked.hewan.v11i1.5810
Barth, A. D. 2018. Review: The use of bull breeding soundness evaluation to identify subfertile and infertile bulls. Animal. 12:s158-s164. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731118000538
BSN (Badan Standardisasi Nasional). 2017. SNI Semen Beku-Bagian 1: Sapi. BSN, Jakarta
Bussalleu, E., M. Yesteb, L. Sepúlvedaa, E. Tornera, E. Pinarta, & S. Bonet. 2011. Effects of different concentrations of enterotoxigenic and verotoxigenic E. coli on boar sperm quality. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 127:176–182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2011.07.018
Campbell, J.R., K.L. Campbell, & M.D. Kenealy. 2003. Artificial Insemination: in Animal Sciences 4th ed. Mc Graw-Hill, New York.
Casas, I. & G.C. Althouse. 2013. The protective effect of a 17°C holding time on boar sperm plasma membrane fluidity after exposure to 5°C. Cryobiology 66: 69–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cryobiol.2012.11.006
Contri, A., A. Gloriaa, D. Robbea, C. Valorzb, L. Wegherb, & A. Carluccio. 2013. Kinematic study on the effect of pH on bull sperm function. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 136: 252–259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2012.11.008
Ditjennak (Direktorat Perbibitan dan Produksi Ternak). 2018. Roadmap Swasembada Pejantan Unggul 2018-2022. Directorate of Animal Breeding and Production, Directorate General of Animal Husbandry and Health, Ministry of Agriculture, Jakarta.
Diliyana, Y. F., T. Susilawati, & S. Rahayu. 2014. Membrane intact of spermatozoa following sexing using percolldensity gradient centrifugation in Andromed and Caudal Epididymal Plasma-2 (CEP-2) added with 10% egg yolk) extenders. J. Vet. 15:23-30. https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/jvet/article/view/8781. [2 June 2020].
Dwitresnadi, R., M. Sulaiman, & J. Arifin. 2015. Breeding activity performance of pasundan cattle on extensive system. J. Unpad. 4:1-11.
FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations). 2015. The Second Report on The State of The World’s. Animal Genetics Resources for Food and Agriculture. Commision on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.
Fattah, I., M. Sharafi, R. Masoudi, A Shahverdi, & V. Esmaeili. 2017. L-Carnitine is a survival factor for chilled storage of rooster semen for a long time. Cryobiology 74:13-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cryobiol.2016.12.011
Garner, D.L. & E.S.E. Hafez. 2000. Spermatozoa and Seminal Plasma. In Hafez B. and Hafez, E.S.E. Reproduction in Farm Animals. 7th ed. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia.
Gonzalez-Rojo, S., C. Fernandez-Diez, M. Lombo, & M.P. Herraez. 2018. Distribution of DNA damage in the sperm nucleus: a study zebrafish as a model of histone-packaged chromatin. Theriogenology 122:109-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.08.017.
Herbowo M.T., R.I. Arifiantini, N.W.K. Karja, & R.G. Sianturi. 2019. Cryopreservation of swamp buffalo semen in skim milk yolk-based diluent with two different cryoprotectants. Trop. Anim. Sci. J. 42:13-18. https://doi.org/10.5398/tasj.2019.42.1.13
Herdis. 2017. Fresh semen characteristic of Garut rams fighting type at three semen collection time. Zoologi 2:172 – 183.
Indriastuti, R., M.F. Ulum, R.I. Arifiantini, & B. Purwantara. 2020. Individual variation in fresh and frozen semen of Bali bulls (Bos sondaicus). Vet. World. 13: 840-846. https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2020.840-846
Kementan (Kementerian Pertanian). 2014. Decree of the Minister of Agriculture No. 1051/Kpts/SR.120/10/2014 Concerning the Determination of Pasundan Cattle Clumps. Ministry of Agriculture, Jakarta.
Kementan (Kementerian Pertanian). 2016. Regulation of the Minister of Agriculture of the Republic of Indonesia Number 10/Permentan/PK.210/3/2016 concerning the Supply and Distribution of Ruminant Animal Frozen Semen. Ministry of Agriculture, Jakarta.
Khalil, W. A., M. A. El-harairy, A. B. Zeidan, & M.A.E. Hassan. 2018. Evaluation of bull during and after cryopreservation: Structural and ultrastructural insights. Int. J. Vet. Sci. & Med. 6: S49-S56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijvsm.2017.11.001
Komariah, R.I. Arifiantini, M. Aun, & E. Sukmawati. 2020. The quality of fresh semen and frozen semen production Madura bulls in different seasons. J. Anim. Prod. Proces. Tech. 8:15-21. https://doi.org/10.29244/jipthp.8.1.15-21
Len, J. S., W. S. D. Koh & S. X. Tan. 2019. The roles of reactive oxygen species and antioxidants in cryopreservation. Bioscience Reports. 39:BSR20191601. https://doi.org/10.1042/BSR20191601
Matahine, T., Burhanuddin, & A. Marawali. 2014. The effectiveness of palmyra juice in maintaining motility,viability and longevity of Bali cattle sperm. J. Vet. 15:263-273. https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/jvet/article/view/9719. [4 June 2020].
Maulana, T., S. Said, R.I. Arifiantini, & M.A. Setiadi. 2019. Sex sorting sperm of Sumba Ongole bulls by using snakehead fish (Channa striata) albumin extract. J. Indones. Trop. Anim. Agricul. 44:106-113. https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.44.1.106-113
Meyers, S., E. Bulkeley, & A. Foutouhi. 2019. Sperm mitochondrial regulation in motility and fertility in horses. Reprod. Dom. Anim. 54:22-28 https://doi.org/10.1111/rda.13461
Nabilla, A., R. I. Arifiantini, & B. Purwantara. 2018. Fresh semen quality of Bali bull in productiveand non-productive ages and determinationof cryoprotectant concentration in Tris Egg Yolk extender. J. Vet. 19:242-250. https://doi.org/10.19087/jveteriner.2018.19.2.242
Okazaki, T., T. Miharaa, Y. Fujitaa, S. Yoshidab, H. Teshimab, & M. Shimada. 2010. Polymyxin B neutralizes bacteria-released endotoxin and improves the quality of boar sperm during liquid storage
and cryopreservation. Theriogenology 74:1691–1700. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.05.019
Palmer, C.W., Y. Persson, & L. Söderquist. 2013. Classification of the potential breeding ability of range beef bulls based on semen quality parameters in samples collected by transrectal massage—A comparison of the Swedish and Canadian systems. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 140:124–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2013.06.001
Palmer, C.W. 2016. Management and breeding soundness of mature bulls. Vet. Clin. Food Anim. 32: 479-495. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2016.01.014
Pereira, R., R. Sá, A. Barros, & M. Sousa. 2017. Major regulatory mechanisms involved in sperm motility. Asian J. of Andro. 19:5–14. http://www.ajandrology.com/text.asp?2017/19/1/5/167716. [2 June 2020].
Priyanto, L., R.I. Arifiantini, & T.L. Yusuf. 2015. Detection of sperm DNA damage infresh and frozen semen using Toluidine Blue staining. J. Vet. 16:48-55. https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/jvet/article/view/13318. [2 June 2020].
Ratnawati, D., N. Isnaini, & T. Susilawati. 2018. Character motility of liquid semen on Ongole crossbreed (PO), Bali and Madura bulls with different diluents at cold storage. Asian J. Microbiol. Biotech. Env. Sci. 20:21-28.
Samik, A., Y. Oktanella, T. Hernawati, N.M.R. Widjaja, & I.P.P. Dewanti. 2014. Additional osteopontin into frozen friesian-holsteinsemen diluter increases the expression of B-cell CII/Lymphoma-2 in post thawing sperm. J. Vet. 15: 461-466. https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/jvet/article/view/13224. [4 June 2020].
Saputra, D.J., M. N. Ihsan & N. Isnaini. 2017. Correlation between the scrotum circle with cement volume, concentration and motility of Bali beef spermatozoa. J. Trop. Anim. Prod. 18:59-68. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtapro.2017.018.02.9
Sarkar, O., J. Bahrainwala, S. Chandrasekaran, S. Kothari, P.P. Mathur, & A. Agarwal. 2011. Impact of inflammation on male fertility. Bioscience (Elite Ed) 1:89-95. https://doi.org/10.2741/e223
Sorenson, Jr. A.M. 1979. Laboratory Manual for Animal Reproduction. 4th ed. American Press, Boston.
Stowe, H.M., M. Miller, M.G. Burns, S.M. Calcatera, J.G. Andrae, G.E. Aiken, F.N. Sehriek, T. Cushing, W.C. Bridges, & S.L. Pratt. 2013. Effects of fescue toxicosis on bull growth, semen characteristics, and breeding soundness evaluation. J. Anim. Sci. 91:3686-3692. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2012-6078
Sukmawati, E., R.I. Arifiantini, & B. Purwantara. 2014. Freezing capacity of sperm on various type of superior bulls. JITV. 1:168-175. https://doi.org/10.14334/jitv.v19i3.1079
Yusrina, A., N. Solihati, & N. Hilmia. 2018. Effect of globalhione-based sperm sexing processes on motility and whole chilled plasma membrane local sheep semen. J. Anim. Sci. Padjajaran Univ. 18:40-45. https://doi.org/10.24198/jit.v18i1.17307
Zhou, J., L. Chen, J. Li, H. Li, Z. Hong, M. Xie, S. Chen, B. Yao. 2015. The semen pH affects sperm motility and capacitation. PLoS ONE. 10:e0132974. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0132974
Zulyazaini, S., Dasrul, M.A. Wahyuni, & M.A.N. Abdullah. 2016. The characteristics of semen and chemical composition of the seminal plasma of Aceh cattle maintained in BIBD Saree Aceh Besar. Agripet. 16:121-130. https://doi.org/10.17969/agripet.v16i2.5803
Authors
SantosoS., HerdisH., ArifiantiniR. I., GunawanA., & SumantriC. (2021). Characteristics and Potential Production of Frozen Semen of Pasundan Bull. Tropical Animal Science Journal, 44(1), 24-31. https://doi.org/10.5398/tasj.2021.44.1.24
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