Developing Sustainable Livestock Production by Feed Adequacy Map: A Case Study in Pasuruan, Indonesia
Abstract
Feed is a main factor of sustainable livestock population, where the availability of suitable land for grass growth is urgent. Modern agriculture has dramatically reduced the diversity of forages due to the massive monoculture. This study was aimed to obtain data on the size of the existing land, distribution, potential feed production, and to obtain the carrying capacity based on feed adequacy map. The research was conducted on 6 dairy and beef cattle farms in Pasuruan Regency (7°38′S,112°54′E), East Java Province, Indonesia: Tutur, Puspo, Lumbang, Lekok, Grati, and Purwodadi. Population and distribution are represented spatially through thematic maps. The mapping using the Indonesia land-base map (Rupa Bumi Indonesia-RBI) scale 1: 25,000, GPS handsets, and surveyors. Nguling had the highest beef cattle population (15,519 AU), while Tutur had the highest dairy cattle population (22,033 AU). Farmers were able to provide feed in the form of food-crop waste. Bangil had the highest carrying capacity of feed and safe criteria followed by Pohjentrek, while Lekok, Tutur, Puspo, Lumbang, Purwosari, Nguling, and Prigen subdistricts had very critical criteria. Based on the overall feed index, Pasuruan had a vulnerable criteria. The land carrying capacity status between land availability (SL) and land requirement (DL) was deficit. Less than 15% of land had low water carrying capacity. By carrying capacity index of crops waste (CCICW), the carrying capacity of food crops was high. The land carrying capacity status was deficit.
References
Ahaneku, I.E. 2010. Conservation of soil and water resources for combating food crisis in Nigeria. Scientific Research and Essays.5.6:507-513
Anggraini, N. & R.A. Putra. 2017. Analisis potensi wilayah dalam pengembangan peternakan sapi potong di Kecamatan Sijunjung Kabupaten Sijunjung. Jurnal AGRIFO. 2:82-100.
Ashari, E., E. Juarini, Sumanto, Wibowo, & Suratman. 1997. Pedoman Analisis Potensi Wilayah Penyebaran dan Pengembangan Peternakan. BPT dan Direktorat Bina Penyebaran dan Pengembangan Peternakan, Jakarta.
Blummel, M., A. Haileslassie, F. Clement, S. Ishaq, & M.A. Khan. 2010. Adapting livestock water productivity to climate change. International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management. 3.2:156-169.
Boitt, M.K., C.N. Mundia, P.K.E. Pellikka, & J.K. Kapoi. 2015. Land suitability assessment for effective crop production, a case study of Taita Hills, Kenya. Journal of Agricultural Informatics. 6.2:23-31. https://doi.org/10.17700/jai.2015.6.2.185
Bos, J.F.F.P, A.B.L Smit, & J.J. Schroder. 2013. Is agricultural intensification in the Netherlands running up to its limits? Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences. 55:65-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.njas.2013.06.001
Calt, E.A. 2015. Products produced from organic waste using managed Ecosystem Fermentation. J. Sustain. Dev. 8.3.43-51
Carpenter, M.A & Sanders, W.G. 2007. Strategic Manajemen: Concepts and Cases. Pearson Australia, Australia.
Deshar, B.D. 2013. An overview of agricultural degradation in Nepal and its impact on economy and environment. Global Journal of Economic and Social Development. 3.1:1-20
Disnak. 2016. Data statistik populasi ternak, Provinsi Jawa Timur. http://www.disnak.jatimprov.go.id/web/data/datastatistik. [1 November 2017].
Doelle, H.W., S. Rokem, and M. Berovic. 2009. Biotechnology: Fundamentals in Biotechnology. EOLSS Publishers/UNESCO, Oxford.
Ezeaku, I.E., B.N. Mbah, K.P. Baiyeri, & E.C. Okechukwu. 2015. Integrated crop-livestock farming system for sustainable agricultural production in Nigeria. Afr. J. Agric. Res. 10:4268-4274. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR2015.9948
Fernández-López, J., E. Sendra,; E. Sayas-Barberá, C. Navarro, & J.A. Pérez-Alvarez. 2008. Physico-chemical and microbiological profiles of “salchich” (Spanish dry-fermented sausage) enriched with orange fiber. Meat Sci. 80: 410–417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2008.01.010
Grose, C.J. 1999. Land Cappability Handbook: Guidelines for the Classification of Agricultural Land in Tasmania. Departement of Primary Industries, Water and Environment, Tasmania.
Gupta, V., P.K. Rai, & K.S. Risam. 2012. Integrated crop-livesstock farming systems : a strategy for resource conservation and environmental sustainability. Indian Research Journal of Extension Education. 2. Special Issue : 49-54
Hamuda, H.E.A.F & I.. Patkŏ. 2010. Relationship between environtmental Impacts and modern Agriculture. Ŏbuda univ. 1.1:87-98
Hillmire, K. 2011. Integrated crop/livestock agriculture in the united states: a review. J. Sustain. Agric. 35:376-393. https://doi.org/10.1080/10440046.2011.562042
Hoekstra, A.Y. 2012. The hidden water resource use behind meat and dairy. Animal Frontiers. 2: 3-8. https://doi.org/10.2527/af.2012-0038
Ismael, A.J., Ch.L. Kaunang, K. Maaruf, & M. Waani. 2018. Daya dukung bahan kering, protein kasar dan total digestible nutrien limbah tanaman pangan sebagai pakan ruminansia di Kecamatan Talawaan Kabupaten Minahasa Utara. Zootek Journal. 38:17-26.
Johannsen, S.S. & P. Armitage. 2010. Agricultural practice and the effects of agricultural land-use on water quality. Freshwater forum. 28:45-59
Kasapidou, E., E. Sossidou, and P. Mitlianga. 2015. Fruit and vegetable co-products as functional feed inredients in farm animal nutrition for improved product quality. Agriculture. 5: 1020-1034. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture5041020
Kemenkopmk. 2014. UU nomor 41 tahun 2014, tentang perubahan atas undang-undang nomor 18 tahun 2009 tentang peternakan dan kesehatan hewan. https://www.kemenkopmk.go.id/content/uu-nomor-41-tahun-2014. [5 October 2017]
Lange, A., R. Siebert, & T. Barkman. 2015. Sustainability and land management: an analysis of stakeholder perceptions in rural Northern Germany. Sustainability. 7:683-704. https://doi.org/10.3390/su7010683
Mijinyawa, Y. & S.S. Dlamini. 2008. Impact assessment of water scarcity at Somntongo in the lowveld region of Swaziland. Scientific Research and Essay. 3:61-65
Pretty, J. & Z.P. Bharucha. 2014. Sustainable intensification in agricultural systems. Annals of Botany. 114:1571-1596. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcu205
Rahman, M.M., T. Nakaagawa, R.B. Abdullah, W.K.W. Embong, & R. Akashi. 2014. Feed intake and growth performance of goats supplemented with soy waste. Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira. 49:554-558
Rahman, S. 2015. Green revolution in India : environmental degradation and impact on livestock. Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution. 12:75-80. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-204X2014000700008
Salemdeeb, R., E.K.H.J Ermgassen, M.H. Kim, A. Balmford, & A. Al-Abbaa. 2017. Environtmental and health impacts of using food waste as animal feed : a comparative analysis of food waste management options. J. Clean. Prod. 2:871-880. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.05.049
Santosa, B., Surjono, A. Rachmansyah, & Soemarno. 2014. Strategy development of western east java industrial area. American Journal of Sociological Research. 4:42-52.
Schieber, A., F.C. Stintzing, & R. Carle. 2001. By-products of plant food processing as a source of functional compounds—Recent developments. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 12:401–413. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-2244(02)00012-2
Schlink, A.C, M.L Nguyen, & G.J. Viljoen. 2011. Water requirements for livestock production: a global perspective. Rev. Sci. Tech. 29: 603-619.
Scholtz, M.M., J.B.J. van Ryssen, H.H. Meissner, & M.C. Laker. 2013. A south african perspective on livestock production in relation to greenhouse gases and water usage. S. Afr. J. Anim. Sci. 43:247-254. https://doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v43i3.2
Schroll, H. J. Andersen, & B. Kjærgård. 2012. Carrying capacity: an approach to local spatial planning in Indonesia. The Journal of Transdiciplinary Environmental Studies. 11:27-39.
Soedjana, T.D. 2007. Masalah dan kebijakan peningkatan produksi peternakan untuk pemecahan gizi masyarakat. http://www.lit-bang.deptan.go.id/. [5 October 2017].
Sonneveld, B.G.J.S, M.A. Keyzer & D. Ndiaye. 2016.Quantifying the impact of land degradation on crop production : the case of Senegal. Solid Earth. 7:93-103. https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-93-2016
Sorathiya, L.M., A.B. Fulsoundar, K.K. Tyagi, M.D. Patel, & R.R. Singh. 2014. Eco-friendly and modern methods of livestock waste recycling for enhancing farm profitability. International Journal of Recycling of Organic Waste In Agriculture. 3:50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40093-014-0050-6
Surendra, K.C., R. Olivier, J.K. Tomberlin, R. Jha, & S.K. Khanal. 2016. Bioconversion of organic wastes into biodesel and animal feed via insect farming. Renewable energy. 98: 197-202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2016.03.022
Tesfa, A. & A. Mekuriaw. 2014. The effect of land degradation on farm size dynamics and crop-livestock farming system in ethiopia: A Review. Journal of Soil Science. 4:1-5. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojss.2014.41001
Thornton, P.K. 2010. Livestock production: recent trends, future prospect. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 365:2853-2867. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2010.0134
Yosef, B.A. & D.K. Asmamaw. 2015. Rainwater harvesting : an option for dry land agriculture in arid and semi-arid Ethiopia. International Journal of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering. 7:17-28. https://doi.org/10.5897/IJWREE2014.0539
Anggraini, N. & R.A. Putra. 2017. Analisis potensi wilayah dalam pengembangan peternakan sapi potong di Kecamatan Sijunjung Kabupaten Sijunjung. Jurnal AGRIFO. 2:82-100.
Ashari, E., E. Juarini, Sumanto, Wibowo, & Suratman. 1997. Pedoman Analisis Potensi Wilayah Penyebaran dan Pengembangan Peternakan. BPT dan Direktorat Bina Penyebaran dan Pengembangan Peternakan, Jakarta.
Blummel, M., A. Haileslassie, F. Clement, S. Ishaq, & M.A. Khan. 2010. Adapting livestock water productivity to climate change. International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management. 3.2:156-169.
Boitt, M.K., C.N. Mundia, P.K.E. Pellikka, & J.K. Kapoi. 2015. Land suitability assessment for effective crop production, a case study of Taita Hills, Kenya. Journal of Agricultural Informatics. 6.2:23-31. https://doi.org/10.17700/jai.2015.6.2.185
Bos, J.F.F.P, A.B.L Smit, & J.J. Schroder. 2013. Is agricultural intensification in the Netherlands running up to its limits? Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences. 55:65-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.njas.2013.06.001
Calt, E.A. 2015. Products produced from organic waste using managed Ecosystem Fermentation. J. Sustain. Dev. 8.3.43-51
Carpenter, M.A & Sanders, W.G. 2007. Strategic Manajemen: Concepts and Cases. Pearson Australia, Australia.
Deshar, B.D. 2013. An overview of agricultural degradation in Nepal and its impact on economy and environment. Global Journal of Economic and Social Development. 3.1:1-20
Disnak. 2016. Data statistik populasi ternak, Provinsi Jawa Timur. http://www.disnak.jatimprov.go.id/web/data/datastatistik. [1 November 2017].
Doelle, H.W., S. Rokem, and M. Berovic. 2009. Biotechnology: Fundamentals in Biotechnology. EOLSS Publishers/UNESCO, Oxford.
Ezeaku, I.E., B.N. Mbah, K.P. Baiyeri, & E.C. Okechukwu. 2015. Integrated crop-livestock farming system for sustainable agricultural production in Nigeria. Afr. J. Agric. Res. 10:4268-4274. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR2015.9948
Fernández-López, J., E. Sendra,; E. Sayas-Barberá, C. Navarro, & J.A. Pérez-Alvarez. 2008. Physico-chemical and microbiological profiles of “salchich” (Spanish dry-fermented sausage) enriched with orange fiber. Meat Sci. 80: 410–417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2008.01.010
Grose, C.J. 1999. Land Cappability Handbook: Guidelines for the Classification of Agricultural Land in Tasmania. Departement of Primary Industries, Water and Environment, Tasmania.
Gupta, V., P.K. Rai, & K.S. Risam. 2012. Integrated crop-livesstock farming systems : a strategy for resource conservation and environmental sustainability. Indian Research Journal of Extension Education. 2. Special Issue : 49-54
Hamuda, H.E.A.F & I.. Patkŏ. 2010. Relationship between environtmental Impacts and modern Agriculture. Ŏbuda univ. 1.1:87-98
Hillmire, K. 2011. Integrated crop/livestock agriculture in the united states: a review. J. Sustain. Agric. 35:376-393. https://doi.org/10.1080/10440046.2011.562042
Hoekstra, A.Y. 2012. The hidden water resource use behind meat and dairy. Animal Frontiers. 2: 3-8. https://doi.org/10.2527/af.2012-0038
Ismael, A.J., Ch.L. Kaunang, K. Maaruf, & M. Waani. 2018. Daya dukung bahan kering, protein kasar dan total digestible nutrien limbah tanaman pangan sebagai pakan ruminansia di Kecamatan Talawaan Kabupaten Minahasa Utara. Zootek Journal. 38:17-26.
Johannsen, S.S. & P. Armitage. 2010. Agricultural practice and the effects of agricultural land-use on water quality. Freshwater forum. 28:45-59
Kasapidou, E., E. Sossidou, and P. Mitlianga. 2015. Fruit and vegetable co-products as functional feed inredients in farm animal nutrition for improved product quality. Agriculture. 5: 1020-1034. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture5041020
Kemenkopmk. 2014. UU nomor 41 tahun 2014, tentang perubahan atas undang-undang nomor 18 tahun 2009 tentang peternakan dan kesehatan hewan. https://www.kemenkopmk.go.id/content/uu-nomor-41-tahun-2014. [5 October 2017]
Lange, A., R. Siebert, & T. Barkman. 2015. Sustainability and land management: an analysis of stakeholder perceptions in rural Northern Germany. Sustainability. 7:683-704. https://doi.org/10.3390/su7010683
Mijinyawa, Y. & S.S. Dlamini. 2008. Impact assessment of water scarcity at Somntongo in the lowveld region of Swaziland. Scientific Research and Essay. 3:61-65
Pretty, J. & Z.P. Bharucha. 2014. Sustainable intensification in agricultural systems. Annals of Botany. 114:1571-1596. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcu205
Rahman, M.M., T. Nakaagawa, R.B. Abdullah, W.K.W. Embong, & R. Akashi. 2014. Feed intake and growth performance of goats supplemented with soy waste. Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira. 49:554-558
Rahman, S. 2015. Green revolution in India : environmental degradation and impact on livestock. Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution. 12:75-80. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-204X2014000700008
Salemdeeb, R., E.K.H.J Ermgassen, M.H. Kim, A. Balmford, & A. Al-Abbaa. 2017. Environtmental and health impacts of using food waste as animal feed : a comparative analysis of food waste management options. J. Clean. Prod. 2:871-880. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.05.049
Santosa, B., Surjono, A. Rachmansyah, & Soemarno. 2014. Strategy development of western east java industrial area. American Journal of Sociological Research. 4:42-52.
Schieber, A., F.C. Stintzing, & R. Carle. 2001. By-products of plant food processing as a source of functional compounds—Recent developments. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 12:401–413. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-2244(02)00012-2
Schlink, A.C, M.L Nguyen, & G.J. Viljoen. 2011. Water requirements for livestock production: a global perspective. Rev. Sci. Tech. 29: 603-619.
Scholtz, M.M., J.B.J. van Ryssen, H.H. Meissner, & M.C. Laker. 2013. A south african perspective on livestock production in relation to greenhouse gases and water usage. S. Afr. J. Anim. Sci. 43:247-254. https://doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v43i3.2
Schroll, H. J. Andersen, & B. Kjærgård. 2012. Carrying capacity: an approach to local spatial planning in Indonesia. The Journal of Transdiciplinary Environmental Studies. 11:27-39.
Soedjana, T.D. 2007. Masalah dan kebijakan peningkatan produksi peternakan untuk pemecahan gizi masyarakat. http://www.lit-bang.deptan.go.id/. [5 October 2017].
Sonneveld, B.G.J.S, M.A. Keyzer & D. Ndiaye. 2016.Quantifying the impact of land degradation on crop production : the case of Senegal. Solid Earth. 7:93-103. https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-93-2016
Sorathiya, L.M., A.B. Fulsoundar, K.K. Tyagi, M.D. Patel, & R.R. Singh. 2014. Eco-friendly and modern methods of livestock waste recycling for enhancing farm profitability. International Journal of Recycling of Organic Waste In Agriculture. 3:50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40093-014-0050-6
Surendra, K.C., R. Olivier, J.K. Tomberlin, R. Jha, & S.K. Khanal. 2016. Bioconversion of organic wastes into biodesel and animal feed via insect farming. Renewable energy. 98: 197-202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2016.03.022
Tesfa, A. & A. Mekuriaw. 2014. The effect of land degradation on farm size dynamics and crop-livestock farming system in ethiopia: A Review. Journal of Soil Science. 4:1-5. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojss.2014.41001
Thornton, P.K. 2010. Livestock production: recent trends, future prospect. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 365:2853-2867. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2010.0134
Yosef, B.A. & D.K. Asmamaw. 2015. Rainwater harvesting : an option for dry land agriculture in arid and semi-arid Ethiopia. International Journal of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering. 7:17-28. https://doi.org/10.5897/IJWREE2014.0539
Authors
ParmawatiR., MashudiM., BudiartoA., SuyadiS., & KurniantoA. S. (2018). Developing Sustainable Livestock Production by Feed Adequacy Map: A Case Study in Pasuruan, Indonesia. Tropical Animal Science Journal, 41(1), 67-76. https://doi.org/10.5398/tasj.2018.41.1.67
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors submitting manuscripts should understand and agree that copyright of manuscripts of the article shall be assigned/transferred to Tropical Animal Science Journal. The statement to release the copyright to Tropical Animal Science Journal is stated in Form A. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA) where Authors and Readers can copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format, as well as remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, but they must give appropriate credit (cite to the article or content), provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
Article Details
