Carrying Capacity for Sustainable Mariculture Development in The Dampier Strait Conservation Area, West Papua Province
Abstract
The Dampier Strait Marine Conservation Area has the potential to be a location for the development of seaweed and pearl oyster cultivation. Despite the potential, there is no information on the limitations of space utilization capacity in implementing mariculture activities for both commodities. Therefore, this study aims to determine the carrying capacity of mariculture activities in the Dampier Strait Conservation Area using the Ecosystem Approach to Aquaculture (EAA) concept. The study procedures included ecological and production carrying capacity, which were analyzed using the physical capacity approach. The results revealed that the area with the potential to be developed for mariculture activities was 904.36 ha. In addition, the number of seaweed and pearl oyster units that could be developed was 1,282 units and 805 units, respectively, with annual production volumes of 8,076.60 tons of dry seaweed and 2,817,500 individual pearl oyster spats ready for operation. All stages of the analysis provided comprehensive results to achieve an optimal and sustainable utilization area from the development of mariculture activities. The analysis also considered the continuity between environmental potential and human demands in the use of ecosystem services in an integrated manner.
Full text article
References
Aguilar-Manjarrez, J., Kapetsky, J.M., & Soto, D. (2010). The potential of spatial planning tools to support the ecosytem approach to aquaculture. In J. Aguilar-Manjarrez, J. M. Kapetsky, & D. Soto (Eds.), The potential of spatial planning tools to support the ecosytem approach to aquaculture (p. 186). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.4833.4168
Aguilar-Manjarrez, J., Soto, D., & Brummet, R. (2017). Aquaculture zoning, site selection and area management under the ecosystem approach to aquaculture. In J. Aguilar-Manjarrez, D. Soto, & R. Brummet (Eds.), Aquaculture zoning, site selection and area management under the ecosystem approach to aquaculture. Full document. Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations.
Ahmad, A., Abdullah, S.R.S., Hasan, H.A., Othman, A.R., & Ismail, N.‘I. (2021). Aquaculture industry: supply and demand, best practices, effluent and its current issues and treatment technology. Journal of Environmental Management, 287(January), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112271
Brugère, C., Aguilar-Manjarrez, J., Beveridge, M.C.M., & Soto, D. (2018). The ecosystem approach to aquaculture 10 years on – a critical review and consideration of its future role in blue growth. Reviews in Aquaculture, 11(3), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.12242
Byron, C.J., & Costa-Pierce, B.A. (2013). Carrying capacity tools for use in the implementation of an ecosystems approach to aquaculture. In L.G. Ross, T.C. Telfer, L. Falconer, D. Soto, & J. Aguilar-Manjarrez (Eds.), Site Selection and Carrying Capacities for Inland and Coastal Aquaculture (pp. 87-101). Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations.
Chapman, C J., Byron. (2018). The flexible application of carrying capacity in ecology. Global Ecology and Conservation, 13(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2017.e00365
Costa-Pierce, B.A. (2003). Use of ecosystems science in ecological aquaculture. Bulletin-Aquaculture Association of Canada, 103(2), 32-40. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/254970270
Costa-Pierce, B. A. (2021). The principles and practices of ecological aquaculture and the ecosistem aproach to aquaculture. World Aquaculture, 52(1), 25–31.
Diedrich, A., Stoeckl, N., Gurney, G.G., Esparon, M., & Pollnac, R. (2019). Social capital as a key determinant of perceived benefits of community-based marine protected areas. Conservation Biology, 31(2), 311-321. https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.13126
Divu, D.N., Mojjada, S.K., Pokkathappada, A.Z., Sukhdhane, K., Menon, M., Mojjada, R.K., Tade, M.S., Bhint, H.M., & Gopalakrishnan, A. (2020). Decision-making framework for identifying best suitable mariculture sites along north east coast of Arabian Sea, India: A preliminary GIS-MCE based modelling approach. Journal of Cleaner Production, 284, 1-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124760
Douvere, F., & Ehler, C. (2009). Ecosystem-based marine spatial management: an evolving paradigm for the management of coastal and marine places. Ocean Yearbook Online, 23, 1-26. https://doi.org/10.1163/22116001-90000188
Dreizis, Y.I., Vidishcheva, E., & Kopyrin, A.S. (2020). Environmental Sustainability in the development of resort areas in Krasnodar Krai. European Journal of Economic Studies, 9(1), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.13187/es.2020.1.11
Erlania, & Radiarta, I.N. (2014). Management of sustainable seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) aquaculture in the context of climate change mitigation. Indonesian Aquaculture Journal, 9(1), 65-72. https://doi.org/10.15578/iaj.9.1.2014.65-72
FAO. (2010). Aquaculture Development - Ecosystem Approach to Aquaculture (D. Soto, J. Aguilar-Manjarrez, & N. Hishamunda (eds.); 14th ed.). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. https://www.fao.org/3/i1750e/i1750e00.htm
FAO. (2021). Ecosystem Approach to Aquaculture Management. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Yangon, Myanmar: FAO. https://doi.org/10.4060/ca7972en
Ferreira, J.G., Grant, J., Verner-Jeffrys, D.W., & Taylor, N.G.H. (2013). Carrying Capacity for Aquaculture, Modeling Frameworks for Determination of. In R.A. Meyers (Ed.), Sustainable Food Production (pp. 417-448). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5797-8
Folke, C., & Kautsky, N. (1992). Aquaculture with its Environment: Prospects for Sustainability. Ocean & Coastal Managemen, 17, 5-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/0964-5691(92)90059-T
Gibbs, M.T. (2009). Implementation barriers to establishing a sustainable coastal aquaculture sector. Marine Policy, 33(1), 83–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2008.04.004
Giri, S.S. (2017). Best management practices in aquaculture in pakistan. In S.S. Giri (Ed.), Best Management Practices in Aquaculture. South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Shiba-Giri/publication/326735521_Best_Management_Practices_in_AquacultureCapacity_Building_Policy_Development/links/5b617ca3a6fdccf0b2050669/Best-Management-Practices-in-AquacultureCapacity-Building-Policy-Development.
Jansen, H.M., van den Burg, S., Bolman, B., Jak, R.G., Kamermans, P., Poelman, M., & Stuiver, M. (2016). The feasibility of offshore aquaculture and its potential for multi-use in the North Sea. Aquaculture International, 24(3), 735-756. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-016-9987-y
jiang, K., Teng Jiang, T., Dong, S., Wang, F. (2026). Assessment of carrying capacity and management practices for Litopenaeus vannamei industrialized aquaculture based on an ecosystem model. Aquaculture Journa, 613(2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743453
Johnson, T.R., Beard, K., Brady, D.C., Byron, C.J., Cleaver, C., Du, K., Keeney, N., Kimble, M., Miller, M., Moeykens, S., Teisl, M., van Walsum, G.P., & Yuan, J. (2019). A social-ecological system framework for marine aquaculture research. Sustainability, 11(2522), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11092522
Kluger, L.C., & Filgueira, R. (2020). Thinking outside the box: embracing social complexity in aquaculture carrying capacity estimations. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 78(1), 435-442. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsaa063
Krause, G., & Mikkelsen, E. (2017). Socio-economic dimensions of offshore aquaculture. In T. Buck & R. Langan (Eds.), Aquaculture perspective of multi-use sites in the open ocean (pp. 157-174). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51159-7_8
McKindsey, C.W., Thetmeyer, H., Landry, T., & Silvert, W. (2006). Review of recent carrying capacity models for bivalve culture and recommendations for research and management. Aquaculture, 261(2), 451-462. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2006.06.044
Ross, L.G., Telfer, T.C., Falconer, L., Soto, D., Aguilar-Manjarrez, J., Asmah, R., Bermúdez, J., Beveridge, M.C.M., Byron, C.J., Clement, A., Corner, R., Costa-Pierce, B.A., Cross, S.F., De Wit, M., Dong, S., Ferreira, J.G., Kapetsky, J.M., Karakassis, I., Leschen, W., … Zhu, C. (2013a). Carrying capacities and site selection within the ecosystem approach to aquaculture. In L.G. Ross, T.C. Telfer, L. Falconer, D. Soto, & J. Aguilar-Manjarrez (Eds.), Site selection and carrying capacities for inland and coastal aquaculture (pp. 19-46). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. https://www.fao.org/in-action/globefish/publications/details-publication/zh/c/338358/
Ross, L.G., Telfer, T.C., Falconer, L., Soto, D., Aguilar-Manjarrez, J., Asmah, R., Bermúdez, J., Beveridge, M.C.M., Byron, C.J., Clement, A., Corner, R., Costa-Pierce, B.A., Cross, S.F., De Wit, M., Dong, S., Ferreira, J.G., Kapetsky, J.M., Karakassis, I., Leschen, W., … Zhu, C. (2013b). Site selection and carrying capacities for inland and coastal aquaculture. In L.G. Ross, T.C. Telfer, L. Falconer, D. Soto, & J. Aguilar-Manjarrez (Eds.), Site selection and carrying capacities for inland and coastal aquaculture (p. 279). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
Sanchez-Jerez, P., Karakassis, I., Massa, F., Fezzardi, D., Aguilar-Manjarrez, J., Soto, D., Chapela, R., Avila, P., Macias, J.C., Tomassetti, P., Marino, G., Borg, J.A., Franičević, V., Yucel-Gier, G., Fleming, I.A., Biao, X., Nhhala, H., Hamza, H., Forcada, A., & Dempster, T. (2016). Aquaculture’s struggle for space: The need for coastal spatial planning and the potential benefits of Allocated Zones for Aquaculture (AZAs) to avoid conflict and promote sustainability. Aquaculture Environment Interactions, 8(1), 41-54. https://doi.org/10.3354/aei00161
Sivaraman, I., Krishnan, M., & Radhakrishnan, K. (2018). Better Management Practices for Sustainable Small-scale Shrimp Farming. Journal of Cleaner Production, 214, 559-572. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.12.172
Soto, D., Aguilar-Manjarrez, J., Brugère, C., Angel, D., Bailey, C., Black, K., Edwards, P., Costa-Pierce, B.A., Chopin, T., Deudero, S., Freeman, S., Hambrey, J., Hishamunda, N., Knowler, D., Silvert, W., Marba, N., Mathe, S., Norambuena, R., Simard, F., Wainberg, A. (2008). Building an ecosystem approach to aquaculture. In D. Soto, J. Aguilar-Manjarrez, & N. Hishamunda (Eds.), Building an ecosystem approach to aquaculture (p. 232). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269996349%0AApplying
Troell, M., Joyce, A., Chopin, T., Neori, A., Buschmann, A.H., & Fang, J.G. (2009). Ecological engineering in aquaculture Potential for integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) in marine offshore systems. Aquaculture, 297(1-4), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2009.09.010
Weitzman, J., & Filgueira, R. (2019). The evolution and application of carrying capacity in aquaculture: towards a research agenda. Reviews in Aquaculture, 12(3), 1297-1322. https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.12383
Wibowo, I.S., Mashar, A., Pratiwi, N., & Kurniawan, F. (2023). Marine suitability assessment for mariculture: combining GIS and AHP technique in Dampier Strait Conservation Area, West Papua Province, Indonesia. Scientific Journal of Fisheries and Marine, 15(2), 316-330. https://doi.org/10.20473/jipk.v15i2.40172
Authors
Copyright (c) 2026 Ichsan Suryo Wibowo Wibowo, Ali Mashar Mashar, Niken Tunjung Murti Pratiwi Pratiwi, Fery Kurniawan Kurniawan, Mazlan Mazlan

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis i is an open-access journal, meaning that all content is freely available without charge to the user or their institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without needing to request prior permission from the publisher or the author.
All articles published by Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. This allows for unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided proper credit is given to the original authors.
Authors submitting manuscripts should understand and agree that the copyright of published manuscripts is retained by the authors. Copyright encompasses the exclusive rights of authors to reproduce, distribute, and sell any part of the journal articles in all forms and media. Reproduction of any part of this journal, its storage in databases, and its transmission by any form or media is allowed without written permission from Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis.
