Identifcation of Useful Chemical Content of Red and White Jabon Leaf (Anthocephalus spp.)

Abstract

Jabon (Anthocephalus spp.) is a tree that has multiple functions. In addition to timber, jabon also useful as medicinal
plants and fodder. This study aims to determine the primary compound content and the content of secondary metabolic
compounds in the leaves of red and white jabon. Test methods used were the proximate test for identification of primary
compounds and phytochemicals testing for the identification of secondary metabolic compounds from the jabon leaves. In
general, the proximate test results show that white jabon leaves contain moisture, crude protein, crude fiber, ADF (Acid
Detergent Fiber) and lignin in a greater percentage than that of red jabon 96.35%, 16.44%, 14.49%, 38.72%, 24.21%,
respectively. Red jabon leaves contain more crude fat and cellulose, i. e. 3.15% and 10.13 %, respectively, while other
component such as ash content, NFE (Nitrogen Free Extract), Ca, P, N and silica with values 6.72%, 56.29%, 1.47 %,
0.25%, 2.63%, 0.04% on white jabon, and 6.95%, 56.16%, 1.84%, 0.32%, 2.36%, 0.07% on red jabon. The content of
salt (NaCl) in the same percentage is 0.03%. The test results showed that the phytochemical compounds identified are
quinone compounds and steroids with higher concentration on leaves of red jabon than white jabon leaves. Based on the
color type of quinone compounds were identified class of anthraquinone compounds. The results showed that the leaves
of red jabon can be used as medicinal plants because they contain substantial amount of secondary metabolic
compounds. White jabon can be used as an alternative feed source for livestock because it contains more nutrition
compounds.