EVALUASI KEBERLANJUTAN PERIKANAN GURITA DENGAN INDIKATOR EAFM (ECOSYSTEM APPROACH TO FISHERIES MANAGEMENT) DI KABUPATEN BANGGAI LAUT
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Octopus production data show that catch in Banggai Laut waters is decreasing. In addition, some destructive or illegal fishing gear such as spears, bombs and poisons are still used to catch octopus. Given this alarming situation, this study is intended to assess the sustainability status of octopus fishery in Banggai Laut Regency by means of the Ecosystem Approach Fisheries Management (EAFM) indicator. Octopus catch data incorporating species and amount of catch, number of fishing efforts, mantle size, weight, fishing ground, and the type of protected species are obtained through direct observation on handline fishing and interviews with fishermen. Furthermore, the same method was applied to collect fishing techniques data including fishing efforts, fleet size, crew certification and data on illegal fishing practices. The result shows that the status of octopus resource and the domain of fishing technique in Banggai Laut Regency is in the medium category with a value of 63.33 and 68.75 respectively. Accordingly, the sustainability level of octopus fisheries is in the moderate category with a value of 66.04. Fisheries management related to the fishing practice that is targeting undersize octopus and exceeding the annual quota require further investigation in order to maintain the sustainability level of octopus fisheries.
Keywords: Banggai Laut Regency, EAFM, octopus, sustainability level
ABSTRAK
Informasi tentang produksi menunjukkan bahwa hasil tangkapan gurita di perairan Banggai Laut cenderung menurun. Selain itu, penangkapan gurita masih ada yang menggunakan alat tangkap yang destruktif atau illegal seperti tombak, bom dan racun. Hal ini sangat mengkhawatirkan keberlanjutan sumberdaya gurita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi status atau tingkat keberlanjutan perikanan gurita di Kabupaten Banggai Laut. Kondisi keberlanjutan perikanan gurita di Kabupaten Banggai Laut dianalisis menggunakan indikator Ecosystem Approach Fisheries Management (EAFM). Data sumberdaya gurita diperoleh melalui pengamatan langsung dalam kaitannya dengan pancing ulur dan wawancara yang meliputi jenis dan jumlah produksi hasil tangkapan pancing ulur, upaya penangkapan, ukuran panjang mantel gurita, bobot gurita, spot daerah penangkapan gurita dan spesies yang dilindungi. Data teknik penangkapan ikan diperoleh melalui wawancara, survey dan observasi data yang meliputi data upaya penangkapan, jumlah armada penangkapan pancing ulur, sertifikasi awak kapal perikanan dan pelanggaran operasi penangkapan pancing ulur. Domain sumberdaya gurita di Kabupaten Banggai Laut termasuk dalam kategori sedang dengan nilai 63,33. Domain teknik penangkapan termasuk kategori sedang dengan nilai 68,75. Tingkat keberlanjutan perikanan gurita secara keseluruhan termasuk kategori sedang dengan nilai 66,04. Pengelolaan terkait penangkapan gurita yang berukuran tidak layak tangkap dan membatasi hasil tangkapan maksimal yang boleh ditangkap per tahun perlu dilakukan untuk menjaga tingkat keberlanjutan perikanan gurita.
Kata kunci: Kabupaten Binggai Laut, EAFM, gurita, keberlanjutanDownloads
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