DISTRIBUSI UKURAN DAN POLA MUSIM PENANGKAPAN RAJUNGAN (Portunus pelagicus) DI PERAIRAN KABUPATEN PANGKEP
Abstract
The swimming crab potential is a resource that has high economic value. Therefore the utilization needs to be done continuously and to achieve this is by conducting an important research focussed on the size and the fishing season pattern of the swimming crab by studying the pattern of the catching season, it is expected to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the catching time. The objective of this research is to 1. Map the distribution of the frequency and size of crab and 2. Determine the pattern of fishing season in Pangkep waters. The research is conducted from March to November 2016. It is located in Pangkep waters regency, South Sulawesi Province. The data is collected through survey method consisted of primary and secondary data. The data were analyzed using frequency distribution analysis approach and time series analysis technique toward catch (kg) of fishing effort. The results obtained showed that the dominant female crab caught with a size > 10.0 cm, as well as dominant male crabs caught with a size > 10 cm. The fishing gear used is trap and gillnet. In addition the catching season is in May, June, July, September, October and November. The peak season of catching season takes place in June and September.
Keywords: Size distribution, Season pattern, swimming crab, at Pangkep District
ABSTRAK
Potensi sumberdaya rajungan, merupakan komoditas sumberdaya yang memiliki nilai ekonomis penting, sehingga pemanfaatannya perlu dilakukan secara berkelanjutan. Untuk mencapai hal tersebut maka ukuran hasil tangkapan dan pola musim penangkapan rajungan menjadi penting untuk diteliti. Adanya informasi pola musim penangkapan, diharapkan dapat meningkatkan efesiensi dan efektifitas waktu penangkapan rajungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) memetakan distribusi frekuensi dan ukuran rajungan yang tertangkap, dan 2) menentukan pola musim hasil tangkapan rajungan di perairan Kabupaten Pangkep. Pelaksanaan penelitian dilaksanakan mulai bulan Maret sampai bulan November 2016, di perairan Kabupaten Pangkep Propinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan metode survei. Data yang dikumpulkan terdiri dari data hasil tangkapan rajungan per hari; panjang dan lebar (cm) karapas dan berat (gram/kg) rajungan. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan pendekatan analisis distribusi frekuensi dan teknik analisis deret waktu (time series) terhadap hasil tangkapan (kg) persatuan upaya penangkapan. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa distribusi frekuensi rajungan betina, tertangkap berukuran < 10,0 cm, lebih sedikit dibandingkan yang tertangkap di atas ukuran > 10,0 cm. Demikian juga rajungan jantan ukuran < 10,0 cm jumlahnya lebih sedikit dan ukuran rajungan > 10,0 cm lebih dominan tertangkap. Alat tangkap yang digunakan adalah bubu lipat, dan gillnet rajungan. Pola musim penangkapan rajungan di perairan Kabupaten Pangkep terjadi pada bulan Mei, Juni, Juli, September, Oktober dan November dan puncak musim berlangsung pada bulan Juni dan September.
Kata kunci: distribusi ukuran, pola musim, rajungan, Kabupaten Pangkep
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