HUBUNGAN JENIS KEPITING BAKAU (Scylla Spp.) DENGAN MANGROVE DAN SUBSTRAT DI TAMBAK SILVOFISHERY ERETAN, INDRAMAYU (Relationship of Mudcrab (Scylla Spp.) with Mangrove and Substrate in Silvofishery Ponds, Eretan, Indramayu)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Mudcrab is one of the fishery commodity with high economic value in Indonesia. High market and price stimulated the development of the mudcrabs business in this country. The aim of this research was to evaluate interaction between habitat characteristics and the mudcrabs (Scylla spp.) species. The research was conducted in silvofishery ponds of Eretan village, Indramayu, West Java from September-November 2013 and August-September 2014. Sampling was conducted at five stations. They were BDR (Brackishwater dominated Rhizophora sp.), BDA (Brackishwater dominated Avicennia sp.), BCDR (Brackishwater cannal dominated Rhizopora sp.), BCDA (Brackishwater cannal dominated Avicennia sp.) and SMF (Side of the mangrove forest). The result showed there were two species of the mudcrabs Scylla paramamosain and Scylla olivacea. S. paramamosain was dominated than S. olivacea at all stations. Total number of the S. paramamosain was 107 ind (consisted of 67 male and 40 female), while total number of the S. olivacea was 28 ind (consisted of 17 male and 11 female). Composition of the mudcrabs species in each station was 91% S. paramamosain and 9% S. olivacea at BDR, 89% S. paramamosain and 11% S. olivacea at BDA, 86% S. paramamosain and 14% S. olivacea at BCDR, 68% S. paramamosain and 32% S. olivacea at BCDA, 73% S. paramamosain and 27% S. olivacea at SMF. Differences between kinds of mudcrab in each stations showed there are interaction between kinds of mudcrabs with habitat characteristics.
Keywords: Indramayu, mangrove, mudcrabs, substrate,
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ABSTRAK
Kepiting bakau (Scylla spp.) merupakan salah satu komoditas perikanan di Indonesia yang bernilai ekonomis tinggi. Luasnya pemasaran dan tingginya nilai jual kepiting bakau membuat bisnis tersebut semakin berkembang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan keberadaan jenis kepiting bakau dengan karakteristik habitatnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dari Agustus-November 2013 dan Agustus-September 2014 pada kawasan tambak silvofishery Desa Eretan, Indramayu, Jawa Barat. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada lima stasiun pengamatan diantaranya TSDR (Tambak silvofishery dominan Rhizopora sp.), TSDA (Tambak silvofishery dominan Avicennia sp.), KDR (Kanal dominan Rhizopora sp.), KDA (Kanal dominan Avicennia sp.) dan PHM (Pinggiran hutan mangrove). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat dua jenis kepiting bakau yaitu Scylla paramamosain dan S. olivacea. Di lokasi penelitian jumlah Scylla paramamosain yang tertangkap sebanyak 107 individu yang terdiri dari 67 jantan dan 40 betina, sedangkan jumlah S. olivacea yang tertangkap sebanyak 28 individu yang terdiri atas 17 jantan dan 11 betina. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada umumnya jumlah S. paramamosain yang tertangkap melebihi S. olivacea. Persentase kepiting bakau yang tertangkap pada tiap stasiun pengamatan yaitu 91% S. paramamosain dan 9% S. olivacea pada TSDR, 89% S. paramamosain dan 11% S. olivacea pada TSDA, 86% S. paramamosain dan 14% S. olivacea pada KDR, 68% S. paramamosain dan 32% S. olivacea pada KDA, 73% S. paramamosain dan 27% S. olivacea pada PHM. Perbedaan jumlah jenis kepiting bakau yang diperoleh pada tiap stasiun penangkapan menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara jenis kepiting bakau dengan habitat hidupnya.
Kata kunci: Indramayu, mangrove, kepiting bakau, substrat,
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