KINERJA LPG PADA MOTOR BAKAR 6,5 HP SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKAR ALTERNATIF PERAHU PENANGKAP IKAN (Performance of Liquefied Petroleum Gas for 6,5 HP Engine as an Alternative Fuel in Small Motorized Fishing Boat)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
This research was to analyze the technical effect of LPG compared to the gasoline by
measuring the engine and exhaust temperature, to calculate the fuel saving (efficiency) for a single
trip by measuring the specific fuel consumption, and to explicate the cost benefit from the use of
LPG compared to the gasoline for fishing operation. During the experimental test, the engine speed
was maintained at idling conditions of 1600, 2000, and 2500rev/min. Technically, the engine and
exhaust temperature decrease when running on LPG. The use of LPG as an alternative fuel to
gasoline can save on fuel consumption up to 26,35% and LPG makes operational cost more
efficiently due to the lower value of FC than that of gasoline. For a single trip, the cost from LPG
specific fuel consumption (sfc) value resulted Rp 5.610 while the gasoline resulted higher value
which makes Rp 9.632. With the difference of Rp 4.022, LPG can save cost as much as 41,76%
where cost savings in fuel expenditure can be used to reimburse the purchasing cost of converter
kit for 41,5 months or 3,46 years.
Key words: efficiency, fuel consumption, Liquefied Peltroleum Gas (LPG), temperature
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ABSTRAK
Penelitian bertujuan untuk menentukan secara teknis pengaruh penggunaan LPG
dibandingkan bensin premium pada motor bensin 6,5 HP, menghitung penghematan (efisiensi)
yang dapat dicapai dari penggunaan LPG dibandingkan bensin premium dalam satu kali operasi
penangkapan ikan dan menghitung keuntungan dari penggunaan LPG secara biaya dibandingkan
dengan bensin premium untuk kegiatan operasional penangkapan ikan. Selama uji coba motor
dioperasikan menggunakan bahan bakar bensin dan LPG secara bergantian dengan putaran 1600,
2000 dan 2500 rpm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan LPG secara teknis dapat
mereduksi suhu permukaan mesin, suhu gas buang dan konsumsi bahan bakar dibandingkan
motor yang dioperasikan menggunakan bensin premium. Selain itu rata-rata konsumsi bahan
bakar menjadi lebih hemat sebanyak 26,35% sehingga biaya operasional menjadi lebih efisien.
Dalam satu kali operasi penangkapan ikan didapat nilai spesific fuel consumption (sfc) LPG
sebesar Rp. 5.610 sedangkan nilai sfc bensin adalah sebesar Rp. 9.632. Dengan selisih sebanyak
Rp. 4.022 maka LPG bisa menghemat biaya sebanyak 41,76% dimana penghematan biaya
belanja bahan bakar dapat digunakan untuk mengembalikan biaya pembelian converter kit selama
41,5 bulan atau 3,46 tahun.
Kata kunci: efisiensi, konsumsi bahan bakar, Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), suhu
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