Formulasi body lotion dari ekstrak lamun dan gonad bulu babi Formulation of body lotion from seagrass and sea urchin gonads extracts
Article Sidebar
Accepted
17 April 2023
Published
7 September 2023
Keywords:
-
body lotion, Diadema setosum, Enhalus acoroides, phytochemical, SPF
Abstract
In the last decade, body lotion innovations have been modified to contain compounds to prevent the effects of exposure to ultraviolet rays in the form of free radicals that are harmful to the skin. Seagrass extracts (Enhalus acoroides) and sea urchin gonads (Diadema setosum) are natural ingredients from the sea that have the potential to be used as sunscreens. The aim of this study was to determine the best combination of seagrass extract and sea urchin gonads as a body lotion, based on information on the content of secondary metabolites as a basic ingredient, physical fitness index, and the best SPF value. This research was conducted by looking at the different ratios of seagrass and sea urchin gonads, namely F1 (2:1), F2 (1:2), F3 (3:3) and control F0 (0:0). Analyses were carried out using test and observation methods, including phytochemical tests, organoleptic tests, and in vitro SPF value tests using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry. The results showed that the phytochemical compounds detected in the seagrass extract included flavonoids, triterpenoids, and saponins. Body lotion preparations were suitable for use with the highest irritation index, feeling no itching on F3, as many as 17 panelists. The highest SPF value is F1 = 12.2, while the lowest value is at F0 = 3.5, so that the F1 preparation has potential as a sunscreen for maximum UV-B protection.
References
Akerina, F.O., Nurhayati, T., & Suwandy, R. (2015). Isolasi dan karakterisasi senyawa antibakteri dari bulu babi. Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 18(1), 61-73. https://doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.2015.18.1.61.
Ali, M. S., Ravikumar, S., & Beula, J.M. (2012). Bioactivity of seagrass against the dengue fever mosquito Aedes aegypti larvae. Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine, 2(7), 570-573. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(12)60099-9.
Angell, A. R., Mata, L., Nys, R. D., & Paul, N. A. (2015). The protein content of seaweeds: a universal nitrogen-to-protein conversion factor of five. Journal of Applied Phycology, 28, 511-524. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-015-0650-1.
Apriandi, A., Putri, R.M.S., & Tanjung, I. (2020). Karakterisasi, aktivitas antioksidan dan komponen bioaktif bulu babi (Diadema savignyi) dari Perairan Pantai Trikora Tiga Pulau Bintan. Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal, 37(1), 49-54. https://doi.org/10.20884/1.mib.2020.37.1.768.
Arif, M., Faizatun., & Anny, V.P. (2021). Formulasi sediaan gel etosom ekstrak lamun (Enhalus acoroides) sebagai pencerah dan pelembap pada Kulit. Jurnal Kartika Ilmiah, 4(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.26874/jkk.v4i1.75.
Bahar, Y., Sani, F., & Lestari, U. (2021). Penentuan nilai sun protection factor (SPF) ekstrak etanol daun jeruju (Acanthus Ilicifolius L.) secara in vitro. Indonesian Journal of Pharma Science, 3 (2), 91-96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/biogenesis.18.1.21-32.
Bintoro, A., Ibrahim, M. A., & Situmewang, B. (2017). Analisis dan identifikasi senyawa saponin dari daun bidara (Zhizipus mauritania L.). Jurnal ITEKIMA, 2(1), 84-94.
Br Silaban, B., & Srimariana, E.S. (2014). Kandungan nutrisi dan pemanfaatan gonad bulu babi (Echinothrixs calamaris) dalam pembuatan kue bluder. Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 16(2), 108-118. https://doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v16i2.8045.
Cipto, H., & Suriadiredja, A. S. (2016). Tumor kulit. Ilmu penyakit kulit dan kelamin. Edisi ketujuh. Badan Penerbit FKUI.
Damayanti, R. H., Meylina, L., & Rusli, R. (2017). Formulasi sediaan lotion tabir surya ekstrak daun cempedak (Artocarpus champeden Spreng). In Proceeding of Mulawarman Pharmaceuticals Conferences, 6, 167-172. https://doi.org/10.25026/mpc.v6i1.279.
Dhuha, S. (2016). Aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol daun lamun (Syiringodium isoetifolium) terhadap bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pharmacon, 5(1), 231-237. https://doi.org/10.35799/pha.5.2016.11246.
D'Orazio, D. J., Haiman, Z., Duffell, P., MacFadyen, A., & Farris, B. (2016). A transition in circumbinary accretion discs at a binary mass ratio of 1: 25. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 459(3), 2379-2393. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw792.
Dolorosa, M. T., Nurjanah, Purwaningsih, S., Anwar, E., & Hidayat, T. (2017). Kandungan senyawa bioaktif bubur rumput laut Sargassum Plagyophyllum dan Eucheuma Cottonii sebagai bahan baku krim pencerah kulit. Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 20 (3), 633-644. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.17844/jphpi.v20i3.19820.
Ekowati, D., & Hanifah, I. R. (2016). Potensi tongkol jagung (Zea mays L.) sebagai sunscreen dalam sediaan hand body lotion. Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung, 2(2), 198-207. https://doi.org/10.51352/jim.v2i2.67.
Food & Drug Administration (FDA). (2003). Guaidance for Industry Photosafety Testin Pharmacology Toxicology Coordinating Committee In The Centre for Drug Evaluation And Research (CDER) At The FDA.
Gustavina, N. L. G. W. B., Dharma, I. G. B. S., & Faiqoh, E. (2018). Identifikasi kandungan senyawa fitokimia pada daun dan akar lamun di Pantai Samuh Bali. Journal of Marine and Aquatic Sciences, 4(2), 271-277.
Hasan, H., Suryadi, A. M. T. A., & Djufri, Z. (2022). Uji aktivitas antidiabetes ekstrak etil asetat daun lamun (Enhalus acoroides) pada mencit (Mus musculus). Journal Syifa Sciences and Clinical Research, 4(1), 293-305. https://doi.org/10.37311/jsscr.v4i1.15379.
Himawan, H.C., Masaenah, E., & Putri, V.C.E. (2018). Aktivitas antioksidan dan SPF sediaan krim tabir surya dari ekstrak etanol 70% kulit buah pisang ambon (Musa acuminata Colla). Jurnal Farmamedika, 3(2), 73-81. https://doi.org/10.47219/ath.v3i2.14.
Lestiono, L., Kresnamurti, A., Rahmad, E., & Ansyori, M.R. (2020). Aktivitas analgesikekstrak etanol bulu babi (Echinometra mathaei) pada mencit putih jantan. Journal of Herbal, Clinical and Pharmaceutical Science (HERCLIPS), 1(02), 7-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.30587/herclips.v1i02.1352.
Luthfiyana, N., Nurjanah, N. M., Anwar, E., & Hidayat, T. (2016). Rasio bubur rumput laut Eucheuma cottonii dan Sargassum sp. sebagai formula krim tabir surya. Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 19(3), 183-195. http://dx.doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.2016.19.3.183.
Maharany, F., Nurjanah, Suwandi, R., Anwar, E., & Hidayat, T. (2017). Kandungan senyawa bioaktif rumput laut Padina Australis dan Eucheuma Cottonii sebagai bahan baku krim tabir surya. Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 20 (1), 10-17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v20i1.16553.
Mulyani, M., Syamsidi, A., & Putri, P. (2015). Penentuan nilai SPF (Sun Protecting Factor) ekstrak N-Heksan Etanol dari rice Bran (Oryza Sativa) secara in vitro dengan metode Spektrofotometri UV-VIS. Natural Science: Journal of Science and Technology, 4(1), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.22487/25411969.2015.v4.i1.4004.
Neldawati, Ratnawulan, & Gusnedi. (2013). Analisis nilai absorbansi dalam penentuan kadar flavonoid untuk berbagai jenis daun tanaman obat. Journal Pillar of Physics, (2), 76-83.
Nikolaou, V., & Stratigos, A. J. (2014). Emerging trends in the epidemiology of melanoma. British Journal of Dermatology, 170(1), 11-19. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.12492.
Nurafni, N., & Nur, R.M. (2018). Struktur komunitas lamun Di Perairan Pulau Dodola Kabupaten Pulau Morotai. In Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kemaritiman dan Sumber Daya Pulau-Pulau Kecil, 2(1), 138 – 145.
Pangemanan, D.A., Suryanto, E., & Yamlean, P.V. (2020). Skrining fitokimia, uji aktivitas antioksidan dan tabir surya pada tanaman jagung (Zea mays L.). Pharmacon, 9(2), 194-204. https://doi.org/10.35799/pha.9.2020.29271.
Pratama, G., Novshally, A., Apriandi, A., Suhandana, M., & Ilhamdy, A. F.(2020). Evaluasi body lotion dari rumput laut (Kappaphycus alvarezii) dan bengkoang (Pachyrhizus erosus). Jurnal Perikanan dan Kelautan, 10(1), 55-65.
Pringgenies, D., Yoram, W., & Ridho, A. (2013). Perilaku seksual dan kadar testosteron darah tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) strain wistar akibat pemberian pakan gonad bulu babi (Diadema setosum). Seminar Nasional Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Tahunan ke-1. FPIK UNDIP.
Rahakbauw, I.D., & Watuguly, T. (2016).Analisis senyawa flavonoid daun lamun Enhalus acoroides di perairan Pantai Desa Waai Kabupaten Maluku Tengah. BIOPENDIX: Jurnal Biologi, Pendidikan Dan Terapan, 3(1), 53-62. https://doi.org/10.30598/biopendixvol3issue1page53-62.
Rahman, A. A., Nur, A. I., & Ramli, M. (2016). Studi laju pertumbuhan lamun (Enhalus acoroides) di Perairan Pantai Desa Tanjung Tiram Kabupaten Konawe Selatan. Sapa Laut, 1(1), 10-16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33772/jsl.v1i1.925.
Rusita, Y. D., & Indarto, A. S. (2017). Aktifitas tabir surya dengan nilai sun protection factor (SPF) sediaan losion kombinasi ekstrak kayu manis dan ekstrak kulit delima pada paparan sinar matahari dan ruang tertutup. Jurnal Kebidanan dan Kesehatan Tradisional, 2(1), 38-43.
Sami, F. J., Nur, S., Sapra, A., & Libertin, L. (2020). Aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak lamun (Enhalus acoroides) asal Pulau Lae-Lae Makassar terhadap radikal ABTS. Media Kesehatan Politeknik Kesehatan Makassar, 15(2), 116-120. https://doi.org/10.32382/medkes.v15i2.1613.
Sangi, M., Runtuwene, M. R., Simbala, H. E., & Makang, V. M. (2019). Analisis fitokimia tumbuhan obat di Kabupaten Minahasa Utara. Chemistry Progress, 1(1), 47-53. https://doi.org/10.35799/cp.1.1.2008.26.
Saputro, R. R., Junaidi, A., & Saputra, W. A. (2022). Klasifikasi penyakit kanker kulit menggunakan metode convolutional neural network (Studi Kasus: Melanoma). Journal of Dinda: Data Science, Information Technology, and Data Analytics, 2(1), 52-57. https://doi.org/10.20895/dinda.v2i1.349.
Sasubda, Y.T., Prasetyaningsih, A., & Aditiyarini, D. (2021). Pemanfaatan senyawa metabolit sekunder ekstrak eter Diadema setosum dari Pantai Kukup dan Pantai Sundak Gunungkidul sebagai antiinflamasi. SCISCITATIO, 2(2), 66-73. https://doi.org/10.21460/sciscitatio.2021.22.68.
Septiani, Dewi, E.N., & Wijayanti, I. (2017). Aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak lamun (Cymodocea rotundata) terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Saintek Perikanan: Indonesian Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology, 13(1), 1-6.
Sidi, N., Aris, A, Z., Yusuff, F, M., Looi, L, J., & Mokhtar, N, F. (2018). Tape seagrass (Enhalus acoroides) as a bioindicator of trace metal contamination in Merambong shoal, Johor Strait, Malaysia. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 126, 113-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.10.041.
Suleman, I. F., Sulistijowati, R., Manteu, S. H., & Nento, W. R. (2022). Identifikasi senyawa saponin dan antioksidan ekstrak daun lamun (Thalassia hemprichii). Jambura Fish Processing Journal, 4(2), 94-102. https://doi.org/10.37905/jfpj.v4i2.15213.
Suluh, M., & Bitu, Y. S. (2021). Peningkatan keterampilan analisis data deskriptif dan inferensial melalui pelatihan microsoft excel dan aplikasi SPSS. Jurnal Pengabdian Magister Pendidikan IPA, 4(4), 461-465. https://doi.org/10.29303/jpmpi.v3i2.934
Timisela, P. P. (2015). Identifikasi dan analisis flavonoid daun lamun Enhalus acoroides pada Perairan Pantai Desa Galala dan Rutong. [Skripsi]. Universitas Pattimura
Watson, M., Holman, D. M., & Maguire-Eisen, M. (2016). Ultraviolet radiation exposure and its impact on skin cancer risk. Seminars in Oncology Nursing, 32(3), 241-254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soncn.2016.05.005.
Wilson, B. D., Moon, S., & Armstrong, F. (2012). Comprehensive review of ultraviolet radiation and the current status on sunscreens. The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, 5(9), 18-23. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3460660.
Wilvestra, S., Lestari, S., & Asri, E. (2018). Studi retrospektif kanker kulit di poliklinik ilmu kesehatan kulit dan kelamin RS Dr. M. Djamil Padang periode tahun 2015-2017. Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas, 7, 47-49. https://doi.org/10.25077/jka.v7i0.873.
Wolf, Y., Bartok, O., Patkar, S., Eli, G. B., Cohen, S., Litchfield, K., & Samuels, Y. (2019). UVB-induced tumor heterogeneity diminishes immune response in melanoma. Cell, 179(1), 219-235.
Xiang, F., Lucas, R., Hales, S., & Neale, R. (2014). Incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer in relation to ambient UV radiation in white populations, 1978-2012: empirical relationships. JAMA dermatology, 150(10): 1063-1071. https://doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2014.762.
Yanuarti, R., Nurjanah, Anwar, E., & Hidayat, T. (2017). Profil fenolik dan aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak rumput laut Turbinaria Conoides dan Eucheuma Cottonii. Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 20(2), 230-237. https://doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v20i2.17503.
Yuni, R. T., & Yani, D. F. (2021). Uji fitokimia dan penentuan nilai Sun Protection Factor (SPF) Fraksi Metanol dan n-heksan Daun Kebiul (Caesalpinia Bonduc) secara In Vitro. FULLERENE Journal of Chemistry, 6 (2), 71-75. https://doi 10.37033/fjc.v6i2.251.
Yusuf, M., Nur, F.U.A., Sri, I, Rahmawati, S., Mahyati, L., & Akhmad, R. (2020). Optimization ultrasonic assisted extraction (UAE) of bioactive compound and antibacterial potential from sea urchin (Diadema setosum). Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science, 7(2), 556-569. http://dx.doi.org/10.31941/jurnalpena.v33i1.844.
Zulkarnain, A.K., Susanti, M., & Lathifa, A.N. (2013). The physical stability of lotion O/W and W/O from Phaleria macrocarpa fruit extract as sunscreen and primary irritation test on rabbit. Traditional Medicine Jounal, 18(3), 141-150. https://doi.org/10.22146/tradmedj.8216.
Ali, M. S., Ravikumar, S., & Beula, J.M. (2012). Bioactivity of seagrass against the dengue fever mosquito Aedes aegypti larvae. Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine, 2(7), 570-573. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(12)60099-9.
Angell, A. R., Mata, L., Nys, R. D., & Paul, N. A. (2015). The protein content of seaweeds: a universal nitrogen-to-protein conversion factor of five. Journal of Applied Phycology, 28, 511-524. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-015-0650-1.
Apriandi, A., Putri, R.M.S., & Tanjung, I. (2020). Karakterisasi, aktivitas antioksidan dan komponen bioaktif bulu babi (Diadema savignyi) dari Perairan Pantai Trikora Tiga Pulau Bintan. Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal, 37(1), 49-54. https://doi.org/10.20884/1.mib.2020.37.1.768.
Arif, M., Faizatun., & Anny, V.P. (2021). Formulasi sediaan gel etosom ekstrak lamun (Enhalus acoroides) sebagai pencerah dan pelembap pada Kulit. Jurnal Kartika Ilmiah, 4(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.26874/jkk.v4i1.75.
Bahar, Y., Sani, F., & Lestari, U. (2021). Penentuan nilai sun protection factor (SPF) ekstrak etanol daun jeruju (Acanthus Ilicifolius L.) secara in vitro. Indonesian Journal of Pharma Science, 3 (2), 91-96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/biogenesis.18.1.21-32.
Bintoro, A., Ibrahim, M. A., & Situmewang, B. (2017). Analisis dan identifikasi senyawa saponin dari daun bidara (Zhizipus mauritania L.). Jurnal ITEKIMA, 2(1), 84-94.
Br Silaban, B., & Srimariana, E.S. (2014). Kandungan nutrisi dan pemanfaatan gonad bulu babi (Echinothrixs calamaris) dalam pembuatan kue bluder. Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 16(2), 108-118. https://doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v16i2.8045.
Cipto, H., & Suriadiredja, A. S. (2016). Tumor kulit. Ilmu penyakit kulit dan kelamin. Edisi ketujuh. Badan Penerbit FKUI.
Damayanti, R. H., Meylina, L., & Rusli, R. (2017). Formulasi sediaan lotion tabir surya ekstrak daun cempedak (Artocarpus champeden Spreng). In Proceeding of Mulawarman Pharmaceuticals Conferences, 6, 167-172. https://doi.org/10.25026/mpc.v6i1.279.
Dhuha, S. (2016). Aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol daun lamun (Syiringodium isoetifolium) terhadap bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pharmacon, 5(1), 231-237. https://doi.org/10.35799/pha.5.2016.11246.
D'Orazio, D. J., Haiman, Z., Duffell, P., MacFadyen, A., & Farris, B. (2016). A transition in circumbinary accretion discs at a binary mass ratio of 1: 25. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 459(3), 2379-2393. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw792.
Dolorosa, M. T., Nurjanah, Purwaningsih, S., Anwar, E., & Hidayat, T. (2017). Kandungan senyawa bioaktif bubur rumput laut Sargassum Plagyophyllum dan Eucheuma Cottonii sebagai bahan baku krim pencerah kulit. Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 20 (3), 633-644. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.17844/jphpi.v20i3.19820.
Ekowati, D., & Hanifah, I. R. (2016). Potensi tongkol jagung (Zea mays L.) sebagai sunscreen dalam sediaan hand body lotion. Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung, 2(2), 198-207. https://doi.org/10.51352/jim.v2i2.67.
Food & Drug Administration (FDA). (2003). Guaidance for Industry Photosafety Testin Pharmacology Toxicology Coordinating Committee In The Centre for Drug Evaluation And Research (CDER) At The FDA.
Gustavina, N. L. G. W. B., Dharma, I. G. B. S., & Faiqoh, E. (2018). Identifikasi kandungan senyawa fitokimia pada daun dan akar lamun di Pantai Samuh Bali. Journal of Marine and Aquatic Sciences, 4(2), 271-277.
Hasan, H., Suryadi, A. M. T. A., & Djufri, Z. (2022). Uji aktivitas antidiabetes ekstrak etil asetat daun lamun (Enhalus acoroides) pada mencit (Mus musculus). Journal Syifa Sciences and Clinical Research, 4(1), 293-305. https://doi.org/10.37311/jsscr.v4i1.15379.
Himawan, H.C., Masaenah, E., & Putri, V.C.E. (2018). Aktivitas antioksidan dan SPF sediaan krim tabir surya dari ekstrak etanol 70% kulit buah pisang ambon (Musa acuminata Colla). Jurnal Farmamedika, 3(2), 73-81. https://doi.org/10.47219/ath.v3i2.14.
Lestiono, L., Kresnamurti, A., Rahmad, E., & Ansyori, M.R. (2020). Aktivitas analgesikekstrak etanol bulu babi (Echinometra mathaei) pada mencit putih jantan. Journal of Herbal, Clinical and Pharmaceutical Science (HERCLIPS), 1(02), 7-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.30587/herclips.v1i02.1352.
Luthfiyana, N., Nurjanah, N. M., Anwar, E., & Hidayat, T. (2016). Rasio bubur rumput laut Eucheuma cottonii dan Sargassum sp. sebagai formula krim tabir surya. Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 19(3), 183-195. http://dx.doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.2016.19.3.183.
Maharany, F., Nurjanah, Suwandi, R., Anwar, E., & Hidayat, T. (2017). Kandungan senyawa bioaktif rumput laut Padina Australis dan Eucheuma Cottonii sebagai bahan baku krim tabir surya. Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 20 (1), 10-17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v20i1.16553.
Mulyani, M., Syamsidi, A., & Putri, P. (2015). Penentuan nilai SPF (Sun Protecting Factor) ekstrak N-Heksan Etanol dari rice Bran (Oryza Sativa) secara in vitro dengan metode Spektrofotometri UV-VIS. Natural Science: Journal of Science and Technology, 4(1), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.22487/25411969.2015.v4.i1.4004.
Neldawati, Ratnawulan, & Gusnedi. (2013). Analisis nilai absorbansi dalam penentuan kadar flavonoid untuk berbagai jenis daun tanaman obat. Journal Pillar of Physics, (2), 76-83.
Nikolaou, V., & Stratigos, A. J. (2014). Emerging trends in the epidemiology of melanoma. British Journal of Dermatology, 170(1), 11-19. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.12492.
Nurafni, N., & Nur, R.M. (2018). Struktur komunitas lamun Di Perairan Pulau Dodola Kabupaten Pulau Morotai. In Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kemaritiman dan Sumber Daya Pulau-Pulau Kecil, 2(1), 138 – 145.
Pangemanan, D.A., Suryanto, E., & Yamlean, P.V. (2020). Skrining fitokimia, uji aktivitas antioksidan dan tabir surya pada tanaman jagung (Zea mays L.). Pharmacon, 9(2), 194-204. https://doi.org/10.35799/pha.9.2020.29271.
Pratama, G., Novshally, A., Apriandi, A., Suhandana, M., & Ilhamdy, A. F.(2020). Evaluasi body lotion dari rumput laut (Kappaphycus alvarezii) dan bengkoang (Pachyrhizus erosus). Jurnal Perikanan dan Kelautan, 10(1), 55-65.
Pringgenies, D., Yoram, W., & Ridho, A. (2013). Perilaku seksual dan kadar testosteron darah tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) strain wistar akibat pemberian pakan gonad bulu babi (Diadema setosum). Seminar Nasional Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Tahunan ke-1. FPIK UNDIP.
Rahakbauw, I.D., & Watuguly, T. (2016).Analisis senyawa flavonoid daun lamun Enhalus acoroides di perairan Pantai Desa Waai Kabupaten Maluku Tengah. BIOPENDIX: Jurnal Biologi, Pendidikan Dan Terapan, 3(1), 53-62. https://doi.org/10.30598/biopendixvol3issue1page53-62.
Rahman, A. A., Nur, A. I., & Ramli, M. (2016). Studi laju pertumbuhan lamun (Enhalus acoroides) di Perairan Pantai Desa Tanjung Tiram Kabupaten Konawe Selatan. Sapa Laut, 1(1), 10-16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33772/jsl.v1i1.925.
Rusita, Y. D., & Indarto, A. S. (2017). Aktifitas tabir surya dengan nilai sun protection factor (SPF) sediaan losion kombinasi ekstrak kayu manis dan ekstrak kulit delima pada paparan sinar matahari dan ruang tertutup. Jurnal Kebidanan dan Kesehatan Tradisional, 2(1), 38-43.
Sami, F. J., Nur, S., Sapra, A., & Libertin, L. (2020). Aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak lamun (Enhalus acoroides) asal Pulau Lae-Lae Makassar terhadap radikal ABTS. Media Kesehatan Politeknik Kesehatan Makassar, 15(2), 116-120. https://doi.org/10.32382/medkes.v15i2.1613.
Sangi, M., Runtuwene, M. R., Simbala, H. E., & Makang, V. M. (2019). Analisis fitokimia tumbuhan obat di Kabupaten Minahasa Utara. Chemistry Progress, 1(1), 47-53. https://doi.org/10.35799/cp.1.1.2008.26.
Saputro, R. R., Junaidi, A., & Saputra, W. A. (2022). Klasifikasi penyakit kanker kulit menggunakan metode convolutional neural network (Studi Kasus: Melanoma). Journal of Dinda: Data Science, Information Technology, and Data Analytics, 2(1), 52-57. https://doi.org/10.20895/dinda.v2i1.349.
Sasubda, Y.T., Prasetyaningsih, A., & Aditiyarini, D. (2021). Pemanfaatan senyawa metabolit sekunder ekstrak eter Diadema setosum dari Pantai Kukup dan Pantai Sundak Gunungkidul sebagai antiinflamasi. SCISCITATIO, 2(2), 66-73. https://doi.org/10.21460/sciscitatio.2021.22.68.
Septiani, Dewi, E.N., & Wijayanti, I. (2017). Aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak lamun (Cymodocea rotundata) terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Saintek Perikanan: Indonesian Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology, 13(1), 1-6.
Sidi, N., Aris, A, Z., Yusuff, F, M., Looi, L, J., & Mokhtar, N, F. (2018). Tape seagrass (Enhalus acoroides) as a bioindicator of trace metal contamination in Merambong shoal, Johor Strait, Malaysia. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 126, 113-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.10.041.
Suleman, I. F., Sulistijowati, R., Manteu, S. H., & Nento, W. R. (2022). Identifikasi senyawa saponin dan antioksidan ekstrak daun lamun (Thalassia hemprichii). Jambura Fish Processing Journal, 4(2), 94-102. https://doi.org/10.37905/jfpj.v4i2.15213.
Suluh, M., & Bitu, Y. S. (2021). Peningkatan keterampilan analisis data deskriptif dan inferensial melalui pelatihan microsoft excel dan aplikasi SPSS. Jurnal Pengabdian Magister Pendidikan IPA, 4(4), 461-465. https://doi.org/10.29303/jpmpi.v3i2.934
Timisela, P. P. (2015). Identifikasi dan analisis flavonoid daun lamun Enhalus acoroides pada Perairan Pantai Desa Galala dan Rutong. [Skripsi]. Universitas Pattimura
Watson, M., Holman, D. M., & Maguire-Eisen, M. (2016). Ultraviolet radiation exposure and its impact on skin cancer risk. Seminars in Oncology Nursing, 32(3), 241-254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soncn.2016.05.005.
Wilson, B. D., Moon, S., & Armstrong, F. (2012). Comprehensive review of ultraviolet radiation and the current status on sunscreens. The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, 5(9), 18-23. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3460660.
Wilvestra, S., Lestari, S., & Asri, E. (2018). Studi retrospektif kanker kulit di poliklinik ilmu kesehatan kulit dan kelamin RS Dr. M. Djamil Padang periode tahun 2015-2017. Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas, 7, 47-49. https://doi.org/10.25077/jka.v7i0.873.
Wolf, Y., Bartok, O., Patkar, S., Eli, G. B., Cohen, S., Litchfield, K., & Samuels, Y. (2019). UVB-induced tumor heterogeneity diminishes immune response in melanoma. Cell, 179(1), 219-235.
Xiang, F., Lucas, R., Hales, S., & Neale, R. (2014). Incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer in relation to ambient UV radiation in white populations, 1978-2012: empirical relationships. JAMA dermatology, 150(10): 1063-1071. https://doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2014.762.
Yanuarti, R., Nurjanah, Anwar, E., & Hidayat, T. (2017). Profil fenolik dan aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak rumput laut Turbinaria Conoides dan Eucheuma Cottonii. Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 20(2), 230-237. https://doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v20i2.17503.
Yuni, R. T., & Yani, D. F. (2021). Uji fitokimia dan penentuan nilai Sun Protection Factor (SPF) Fraksi Metanol dan n-heksan Daun Kebiul (Caesalpinia Bonduc) secara In Vitro. FULLERENE Journal of Chemistry, 6 (2), 71-75. https://doi 10.37033/fjc.v6i2.251.
Yusuf, M., Nur, F.U.A., Sri, I, Rahmawati, S., Mahyati, L., & Akhmad, R. (2020). Optimization ultrasonic assisted extraction (UAE) of bioactive compound and antibacterial potential from sea urchin (Diadema setosum). Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science, 7(2), 556-569. http://dx.doi.org/10.31941/jurnalpena.v33i1.844.
Zulkarnain, A.K., Susanti, M., & Lathifa, A.N. (2013). The physical stability of lotion O/W and W/O from Phaleria macrocarpa fruit extract as sunscreen and primary irritation test on rabbit. Traditional Medicine Jounal, 18(3), 141-150. https://doi.org/10.22146/tradmedj.8216.
Authors
NingrumR. H., AsihE. N. N., Ni’amahS. N., BadriyahL., MardiyantiY., & WulansariD. R. (2023). Formulasi body lotion dari ekstrak lamun dan gonad bulu babi: Formulation of body lotion from seagrass and sea urchin gonads extracts. Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 26(3), 510-519. https://doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v26i3.44893
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Article Details
